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Selected Verse: John 19:31 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| Joh 19:31 |
Strong Concordance |
The Jews [2453] therefore [3767], because [1893] it was [2258] [2258] the preparation [3904], that [3363] the bodies [4983] should [3306] not [3363] remain [3306] upon [1909] the cross [4716] on [1722] the sabbath day [4521], (for [1063] that [1565] sabbath day [4521] was [2258] an high [3173] day [2250],) besought [2065] Pilate [4091] that [2443] their [846] legs [4628] might be broken [2608], and [2532] that they might be taken away [142]. |
| |
King James |
The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
BURIAL OF CHRIST. (Joh 19:31-42)
the preparation--sabbath eve.
that the bodies should not remain--over night, against the Mosaic law (Deu 21:22-23).
on the sabbath day, for that sabbath day was an high day--or "great" day--the first day of unleavened bread, and, as concurring with an ordinary sabbath, the most solemn season of the ecclesiastical year. Hence their peculiar jealousy lest the law should be infringed.
besought Pilate that their legs might be broken--to hasten their death, which was done in such cases with clubs. |
| Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
The preparation - Joh 19:14.
That the bodies ... - The law required that the bodies of those who were hung should not remain suspended during the night. See Deu 21:22-23. That law was made when the punishment by crucifixion was unknown, and when those who were suspended would almost immediately expire. In the punishment by crucifixion, life was lengthened out for four, five, or eight days. The Jews therefore requested that their death might be hastened, and that the land might not be polluted by their bodies remaining suspended on the Sabbath day.
Was an high day - It was:
1. The Sabbath.
2. It was the day on which the paschal feast properly commenced.
It was called a high day because that year the feast of the Passover commenced on the Sabbath. Greek: "Great day."
Their legs might be broken - To hasten their death. The effect of this, while they were suspended on the cross, would be to increase their pain by the act of breaking them, and to deprive their body of the support which it received from the feet, and to throw the whole weight on the hands. By this increased torment their lives were soon ended. Lactantius says that this was commonly done by the Romans to persons who were crucified. The common period to which persons crucified would live was several days. To compensate for those lingering agonies, so that the full amount of suffering might be endured, they increased their sufferings by breaking their limbs, and thus hastening their death. |
| Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent [1886] |
The Jews - Sabbath
The Jews, who had so recently asserted their sole allegiance to Caesar, are now scrupulous about observing the letter of the law. |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| Lest the bodies should remain on the cross on the Sabbath - Which they would have accounted a profanation of any Sabbath, but of that in particular. For that Sabbath was a great day - Being not only a Sabbath, but the second day of the feast of unleavened bread (from whence they reckoned the weeks to pentecost:) and also the day for presenting and offering the sheaf of new corn: so that it was a treble solemnity. |
| Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
It was the preparation - Every Sabbath had a preparation which began at the ninth hour (that is, three o'clock) the preceding evening. Josephus, Ant. b. xvi. c. 6, s. 2, recites an edict of the Emperor Augustus in favor of the Jews, which orders, "that no one shall be obliged to give bail or surety on the Sabbath day, nor on the preparation before it, after the ninth hour." The time fixed here was undoubtedly in conformity to the Jewish custom, as they began their preparation at three o'clock on the Friday evening.
That the bodies should not remain - For the law, Deu 21:22, Deu 21:23, ordered that the bodies of criminals should not hang all night; and they did not wish to have the Sabbath profaned by either taking them down on that day, or letting them hang to disturb the joy of that holy time. Probably their consciences began to sting them for what they had done, and they wished to remove the victim of their malice out of their sight.
For that Sabbath day was a high day -
1. Because it was the Sabbath.
2. Because it was the day on which all the people presented themselves in the temple according to the command, Exo 23:17.
3. Because that was the day on which the sheaf of the first fruits was offered, according to the command, Lev 23:10, Lev 23:11. So that upon this day there happened to be three solemnities in one. - Lightfoot. It might be properly called a high day, because the passover fell on that Sabbath.
Their legs might be broken - Lactantius says. l. iv. c. 26, that it was a common custom to break the legs or other bones of criminals upon the cross; and this appears to have been a kind of coup de grace, the sooner to put them out of pain. |
22 And if a man [0376] have committed a sin [02399] worthy of [04941] death [04194], and he be to be put to death [04191], and thou hang [08518] him on a tree [06086]:
23 His body [05038] shall not remain all night [03885] upon the tree [06086], but thou shalt in any wise [06912] bury [06912] him that day [03117]; (for he that is hanged [08518] is accursed [07045] of God [0430];) that thy land [0127] be not defiled [02930], which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee for an inheritance [05159].
31 The Jews [2453] therefore [3767], because [1893] it was [2258] [2258] the preparation [3904], that [3363] the bodies [4983] should [3306] not [3363] remain [3306] upon [1909] the cross [4716] on [1722] the sabbath day [4521], (for [1063] that [1565] sabbath day [4521] was [2258] an high [3173] day [2250],) besought [2065] Pilate [4091] that [2443] their [846] legs [4628] might be broken [2608], and [2532] that they might be taken away [142].
32 Then [3767] came [2064] the soldiers [4757], and [2532] brake [2608] the legs [4628] of the [3303] first [4413], and [2532] of the other [243] which [3588] was crucified with [4957] him [846].
33 But [1161] when [5613] they came [2064] to [1909] Jesus [2424], and saw [1492] that he [846] was dead [2348] already [2235], they brake [2608] not [3756] his [846] legs [4628]:
34 But [235] one [1520] of the soldiers [4757] with a spear [3057] pierced [3572] his [846] side [4125], and [2532] forthwith [2117] came there out [1831] blood [129] and [2532] water [5204].
35 And [2532] he that saw [3708] it bare record [3140], and [2532] his [846] record [3141] is [2076] true [228]: and he [2548] knoweth [1492] that [3754] he saith [3004] true [227], that [2443] ye [5210] might believe [4100].
36 For [1063] these things [5023] were done [1096], that [2443] the scripture [1124] should be fulfilled [4137], A bone [3747] of him [846] shall [4937] not [3756] be broken [4937].
37 And [2532] again [3825] another [2087] scripture [1124] saith [3004], They shall look [3700] on [1519] him whom [3739] they pierced [1574].
38 And [1161] after [3326] this [5023] Joseph [2501] of [575] Arimathaea [707], being [5607] a disciple [3101] of Jesus [2424], but [1161] secretly [2928] for [1223] fear [5401] of the Jews [2453], besought [2065] Pilate [4091] that [2443] he might take away [142] the body [4983] of Jesus [2424]: and [2532] Pilate [4091] gave him leave [2010]. He came [2064] therefore [3767], and [2532] took [142] the body [4983] of Jesus [2424].
39 And [1161] there came [2064] also [2532] Nicodemus [3530], which [3588] at the first [4412] came [2064] to [4314] Jesus [2424] by night [3571], and brought [5342] a mixture [3395] of myrrh [4666] and [2532] aloes [250], about [5616] an hundred [1540] pound [3046] weight.
40 Then [3767] took they [2983] the body [4983] of Jesus [2424], and [2532] wound [1210] it [846] in linen clothes [3608] with [3326] the spices [759], as [2531] the manner [1485] of the Jews [2453] is [2076] to bury [1779].
41 Now [1161] in [1722] the place [5117] where [3699] he was crucified [4717] there was [2258] a garden [2779]; and [2532] in [1722] the garden [2779] a new [2537] sepulchre [3419], wherein [1722] [3739] was [5087] never [3764] man [3762] yet [3764] laid [5087].
42 There [1563] laid they [5087] Jesus [2424] therefore [3767] because [1223] of the Jews [2453]' preparation [3904] day; for [3754] the sepulchre [3419] was [2258] nigh at hand [1451].
22 And if a man [0376] have committed a sin [02399] worthy of [04941] death [04194], and he be to be put to death [04191], and thou hang [08518] him on a tree [06086]:
23 His body [05038] shall not remain all night [03885] upon the tree [06086], but thou shalt in any wise [06912] bury [06912] him that day [03117]; (for he that is hanged [08518] is accursed [07045] of God [0430];) that thy land [0127] be not defiled [02930], which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee for an inheritance [05159].
14 And [1161] it was [2258] the preparation [3904] of the passover [3957], and [1161] about [5616] the sixth [1623] hour [5610]: and [2532] he saith [3004] unto the Jews [2453], Behold [2396] your [5216] King [935]!
11 And he shall wave [05130] the sheaf [06016] before [06440] the LORD [03068], to be accepted [07522] for you: on the morrow [04283] after the sabbath [07676] the priest [03548] shall wave [05130] it.
10 Speak [01696] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], and say [0559] unto them, When ye be come [0935] into the land [0776] which I give [05414] unto you, and shall reap [07114] the harvest [07105] thereof, then ye shall bring [0935] a sheaf [06016] of the firstfruits [07225] of your harvest [07105] unto the priest [03548]:
17 Three [07969] times [06471] in the year [08141] all thy males [02138] shall appear [07200] before [06440] the Lord [0113] GOD [03068].
23 His body [05038] shall not remain all night [03885] upon the tree [06086], but thou shalt in any wise [06912] bury [06912] him that day [03117]; (for he that is hanged [08518] is accursed [07045] of God [0430];) that thy land [0127] be not defiled [02930], which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee for an inheritance [05159].
22 And if a man [0376] have committed a sin [02399] worthy of [04941] death [04194], and he be to be put to death [04191], and thou hang [08518] him on a tree [06086]: