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Selected Verse: Hosea 10:1 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| Ho 10:1 |
Strong Concordance |
Israel [03478] is an empty [01238] vine [01612], he bringeth forth [07737] fruit [06529] unto himself: according to the multitude [07230] of his fruit [06529] he hath increased [07235] the altars [04196]; according to the goodness [02896] of his land [0776] they have made goodly [02895] images [04676]. |
| |
King James |
Israel is an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit unto himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he hath increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
ISRAEL'S IDOLATRY, THE SOURCE OF PERJURIES AND UNLAWFUL LEAGUES, SOON DESTINED TO BE THE RUIN OF THE STATE, THEIR KING AND THEIR IMAGES BEING ABOUT TO BE CARRIED OFF; A JUST CHASTISEMENT, THE REAPING CORRESPONDING TO THE SOWING. (Hos 10:1-15)
The prophecy was uttered between Shalmaneser's first and second invasions of Israel. Compare Hos 10:14; also Hos 10:6, referring to Hoshea's calling So of Egypt to his aid; also Hos 10:4, Hos 10:13.
empty--stripped of its fruits [CALVIN], (Nah 2:2); compelled to pay tribute to Pul (Kg2 15:20). MAURER translates, "A widespreading vine"; so the Septuagint. Compare Gen 49:22; Psa 80:9-11; Eze 17:6.
bringeth forth fruit unto himself--not unto ME.
according to . . . multitude of . . . fruit . . . increased . . . altars--In proportion to the abundance of their prosperity, which called for fruit unto God (compare Rom 6:22), was the abundance of their idolatry (Hos 8:4, Hos 8:11). |
| Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
Israel is an empty vine - Or, in the same sense, "a luxuriant vine;" literally, "one which poureth out," poureth itself out into leaves, abundant in switches, (as most old versions explain it,) luxuriant in leaves, emptying itself in them, and empty of fruit; like the fig-tree, which our Lord cursed. For the more a fruit tree putteth out its strength in leaves and branches, the less and the worst fruit it beareth. : "The juices which it ought to transmute into wine, it disperseth in the ambitious idle shew of leaves and branches." The sap in the vine is an emblem of His Holy Spirit, through whom alone we can bear fruit. "His grace which was in me," says Paul, "was not in vain." It is in vain to us, when we waste the stirrings of God's Spirit in feelings, aspirations, longings, transports, "which bloom their hour and fade" . Like the leaves, these feelings aid in maturing fruit; when there are leaves only, the tree is barren and "nigh unto cursing, whose end is to be burned" Heb 6:8.
It bringeth forth fruit for itself - Literally, "setteth fruit to, or on itself." Luxuriant in leaves, its fruit becomes worthless, and is from itself to itself. It is uncultured; (for Israel refused culture,) pouring itself out, as it willed, in what it willed. It had a rich show of leaves, a show also of fruit, but not for the Lord of the vineyard, since they came to no size or ripeness. Yet to the superficial glance, it was rich, prosperous, healthy, abundant in all things, as was the outward state of Israel under Jehoash and Jeroboam II.
According to the multitude of his fruit - Or more strictly, "as his fruit was multiplied, he multiplied altars; as his land was made good, they made goodly their images." The more of outward prosperity God bestowed upon them, the more they abused His gifts, referring them to their idols; the more God lavished His mercies on them, the more profuse they were in adoring their idols. The superabundance of God's goodness became the occasion of the superabundance of their wickedness. They rivaled and competed with and outdid the goodness of God, so that He could bestow upon them no good, which they did not turn to evil. People think this strange. Strange it is, as is all perversion of God's goodness; yet so it is now. People's sins are either the abuse of what God gives, or rebellion, because He withholds. In the sins of prosperity, wealth, health, strength, powers of mind, wit, people sin in a way in which they could not sin, unless God continually supplied them with those gifts which they turn to sin. The more God gives, the more opportunity and ability they have to sin, and the more they sin. They are "evil," not only in despite of God's goodness, but "because" He is good. |
| Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
| In a fresh turn the concluding thought of the last strophe (Hos 9:10) is resumed, and the guilt and punishment of Israel still more fully described in two sections, Hos 10:1-8 and Hos 10:9-15. Hos 10:1. "Israel is a running vine; it set fruit for itself: the more of its fruit, the more altars did it prepare; the better its land, the better pillars did they make. Hos 10:2. Smooth was their heart, ow will they atone. He will break in pieces their altars, desolate their pillars. Hos 10:3. Yea, now will they say, No king to us! for we feared not Jehovah; and the king, what shall he do to us?" Under the figure of a vine running luxuriantly, which did indeed set some good fruit, but bore no sound ripe grapes, the prophet describes Israel as a glorious plantation of God Himself, which did not answer the expectations of its Creator. The figure is simply sketched in a few bold lines. We have an explanatory parallel in Psa 80:9-12. The participle bōqēq does not mean "empty" or "emptying out" here; for this does not suit the next clause, according to which the fruit was set, but from the primary meaning of bâqaq, to pour out, pouring itself out, overflowing, i.e., running luxuriantly. It has the same meaning, therefore, as ג סרחת in Eze 17:6, that which extends its branches far and wide, that is to say, grows most vigorously. The next sentence, "it set fruit," still belongs to the figure; but in the third sentence the figure passes over into a literal prophecy. According to the abundance of its fruit, Israel made many altars; and in proportion to the goodness of its land, it made better מצּבות, Baal's pillars (see at Kg1 14:23); i.e., as Israel multiplied, and under the blessing of God attained to prosperity, wealth, and power in the good land (Exo 3:8), it forgot its God, and fell more and more into idolatry (cf. Hos 2:10; Hos 8:4, Hos 8:11). The reason of all this was, that their heart was smooth, i.e., dissimulating, not sincerely devoted to the Lord, inasmuch as, under the appearance of devotedness to God, they still clung to idols (for the fact, see Kg2 17:9). The word châlâq, to be smooth, was mostly applied by a Hebrew to the tongue, lip, mouth, throat, and speech (Psa 5:10; Psa 12:3; Psa 55:22; Pro 5:3), and not to the heart. But in Eze 12:24 we read of smooth, i.e., deceitful prophesying; and there is all the more reason for retaining the meaning "smooth" here, that the rendering "their heart is divided," which is supported by the ancient versions, cannot be grammatically defended. For châlâq is not used in kal in an intransitive sense; and the active rendering, "He (i.e., God) has divided their heart" (Hitzig), gives an unscriptural thought. They will now atone for this, for God will destroy their altars and pillars. ערף, "to break the neck of the altars," is a bold expression, applied to the destruction of the altars by breaking off the horns (compare Amo 3:14). Then will the people see and be compelled to confess that it has no longer a king, because it has not feared the Lord, since the king who has been set up in opposition to the will of the Lord (Hos 8:4) cannot bring either help or deliverance (Eze 13:10). עשׂה, to do, i.e., to help or be of use to a person (cf. Ecc 2:2). |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| An empty vine - That hath lost its strength to bring forth fruit. Unto himself - Whatever fruit was brought forth by its remaining strength, was not brought forth to God. His fruit - When the land yielded more plentiful increase, this plenty was employed on multiplying idols. The altars - Of his idols. The goodness - Imagining that the goodness of their land was a blessing from their idols. |
| Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
Israel is an empty vine - Or, a vine that casteth its grapes.
He bringeth forth fruit - Or, he laid up fruit for himself. He abused the blessings of God to the purposes of idolatry. He was prosperous; but his prosperity corrupted his heart.
According to the multitude of his fruit - He became idolatrous in proportion to his prosperity; and in proportion to their wealth was the costliness of their images, and the expensiveness of their idol worship.
True is the homely saying of old Quarles: -
"So God's best gifts, usurp'd by wicked ones,
To poison turn, by their con-ta-gi-ons."
Another poet, of a higher order, but worse school, says: -
Effodiuntur opes, irritamenta malorum.
Ovid.
Of which the words of St. Paul are nearly a literal rendering: -
Ῥιζα γαρ πανθων των κακων εστιν ἡ θιλαργυρια.
"For the love of money is the root of all these evils"
Ti1 6:10.
Pity that this beautiful metal, on which God has bestowed such a large portion of mineral perfection, and then hid in the earth, should, on its being digged up by man, become the incentive to so many vices, and draw away his heart from the Creator of all things, and the fountain of ineffable perfection and goodness. |
11 Because Ephraim [0669] hath made many [07235] altars [04196] to sin [02398], altars [04196] shall be unto him to sin [02398].
4 They have set up kings [04427], but not by me: they have made princes [07786], and I knew [03045] it not: of their silver [03701] and their gold [02091] have they made [06213] them idols [06091], that they may be cut off [03772].
22 But [1161] now [3570] being made free [1659] from [575] sin [266], and [1161] become servants [1402] to God [2316], ye have [2192] your [5216] fruit [2590] unto [1519] holiness [38], and [1161] the end [5056] everlasting [166] life [2222].
6 And it grew [06779], and became a spreading [05628] vine [01612] of low [08217] stature [06967], whose branches [01808] turned [06437] toward him, and the roots [08328] thereof were under him: so it became a vine [01612], and brought forth [06213] branches [0905], and shot [07971] forth sprigs [06288].
9 Thou preparedst [06437] room before [06440] it, and didst cause it to take deep [08328] root [08327], and it filled [04390] the land [0776].
10 The hills [02022] were covered [03680] with the shadow [06738] of it, and the boughs [06057] thereof were like the goodly [0410] cedars [0730].
11 She sent out [07971] her boughs [07105] unto the sea [03220], and her branches [03127] unto the river [05104].
22 Joseph [03130] is a fruitful [06509] bough [01121], even a fruitful [06509] bough [01121] by a well [05869]; whose branches [01323] run [06805] over the wall [07791]:
20 And Menahem [04505] exacted [03318] the money [03701] of Israel [03478], even of all the mighty men [01368] of wealth [02428], of each [0259] man [0376] fifty [02572] shekels [08255] of silver [03701], to give [05414] to the king [04428] of Assyria [0804]. So the king [04428] of Assyria [0804] turned back [07725], and stayed [05975] not there in the land [0776].
2 For the LORD [03068] hath turned away [07725] the excellency [01347] of Jacob [03290], as the excellency [01347] of Israel [03478]: for the emptiers [01238] have emptied them out [01238], and marred [07843] their vine branches [02156].
13 Ye have plowed [02790] wickedness [07562], ye have reaped [07114] iniquity [05766]; ye have eaten [0398] the fruit [06529] of lies [03585]: because thou didst trust [0982] in thy way [01870], in the multitude [07230] of thy mighty men [01368].
4 They have spoken [01696] words [01697], swearing [0422] falsely [07723] in making [03772] a covenant [01285]: thus judgment [04941] springeth up [06524] as hemlock [07219] in the furrows [08525] of the field [07704].
6 It shall be also carried [02986] unto Assyria [0804] for a present [04503] to king [04428] Jareb [03377]: Ephraim [0669] shall receive [03947] shame [01317], and Israel [03478] shall be ashamed [0954] of his own counsel [06098].
14 Therefore shall a tumult [07588] arise [06965] among thy people [05971], and all thy fortresses [04013] shall be spoiled [07703], as Shalman [08020] spoiled [07701] Betharbel [01009] in the day [03117] of battle [04421]: the mother [0517] was dashed in pieces [07376] upon her children [01121].
1 Israel [03478] is an empty [01238] vine [01612], he bringeth forth [07737] fruit [06529] unto himself: according to the multitude [07230] of his fruit [06529] he hath increased [07235] the altars [04196]; according to the goodness [02896] of his land [0776] they have made goodly [02895] images [04676].
2 Their heart [03820] is divided [02505]; now shall they be found faulty [0816]: he shall break down [06202] their altars [04196], he shall spoil [07703] their images [04676].
3 For now they shall say [0559], We have no king [04428], because we feared [03372] not the LORD [03068]; what then should a king [04428] do [06213] to us?
4 They have spoken [01696] words [01697], swearing [0422] falsely [07723] in making [03772] a covenant [01285]: thus judgment [04941] springeth up [06524] as hemlock [07219] in the furrows [08525] of the field [07704].
5 The inhabitants [07934] of Samaria [08111] shall fear [01481] because of the calves [05697] of Bethaven [01007]: for the people [05971] thereof shall mourn [056] over it, and the priests [03649] thereof that rejoiced [01523] on it, for the glory [03519] thereof, because it is departed [01540] from it.
6 It shall be also carried [02986] unto Assyria [0804] for a present [04503] to king [04428] Jareb [03377]: Ephraim [0669] shall receive [03947] shame [01317], and Israel [03478] shall be ashamed [0954] of his own counsel [06098].
7 As for Samaria [08111], her king [04428] is cut off [01820] as the foam [07110] upon [06440] the water [04325].
8 The high places [01116] also of Aven [0206], the sin [02403] of Israel [03478], shall be destroyed [08045]: the thorn [06975] and the thistle [01863] shall come up [05927] on their altars [04196]; and they shall say [0559] to the mountains [02022], Cover [03680] us; and to the hills [01389], Fall [05307] on us.
9 O Israel [03478], thou hast sinned [02398] from the days [03117] of Gibeah [01390]: there they stood [05975]: the battle [04421] in Gibeah [01390] against the children [01121] of iniquity [05932] did not overtake [05381] them.
10 It is in my desire [0185] that I should chastise [03256] them; and the people [05971] shall be gathered [0622] against them, when they shall bind [0631] themselves in their two [08147] furrows [05869].
11 And Ephraim [0669] is as an heifer [05697] that is taught [03925], and loveth [0157] to tread out [01758] the corn; but I passed over [05674] upon her fair [02898] neck [06677]: I will make Ephraim [0669] to ride [07392]; Judah [03063] shall plow [02790], and Jacob [03290] shall break his clods [07702].
12 Sow [02232] to yourselves in righteousness [06666], reap [07114] in [06310] mercy [02617]; break up [05214] your fallow ground [05215]: for it is time [06256] to seek [01875] the LORD [03068], till he come [0935] and rain [03384] righteousness [06664] upon you.
13 Ye have plowed [02790] wickedness [07562], ye have reaped [07114] iniquity [05766]; ye have eaten [0398] the fruit [06529] of lies [03585]: because thou didst trust [0982] in thy way [01870], in the multitude [07230] of thy mighty men [01368].
14 Therefore shall a tumult [07588] arise [06965] among thy people [05971], and all thy fortresses [04013] shall be spoiled [07703], as Shalman [08020] spoiled [07701] Betharbel [01009] in the day [03117] of battle [04421]: the mother [0517] was dashed in pieces [07376] upon her children [01121].
15 So [03602] shall Bethel [01008] do [06213] unto you because [06440] of your great [07451] wickedness [07451]: in a morning [07837] shall the king [04428] of Israel [03478] utterly [01820] be cut off [01820].
8 But [1161] that which beareth [1627] thorns [173] and [2532] briers [5146] is rejected [96], and [2532] is nigh [1451] unto cursing [2671]; whose [3739] end [5056] is to [1519] be burned [2740].
2 I said [0559] of laughter [07814], It is mad [01984]: and of mirth [08057], What [02090] doeth [06213] it?
10 Because, even because they have seduced [02937] my people [05971], saying [0559], Peace [07965]; and there was no peace [07965]; and one built up [01129] a wall [02434], and, lo [02009], others daubed [02902] it with untempered [08602] morter:
4 They have set up kings [04427], but not by me: they have made princes [07786], and I knew [03045] it not: of their silver [03701] and their gold [02091] have they made [06213] them idols [06091], that they may be cut off [03772].
14 That in the day [03117] that I shall visit [06485] the transgressions [06588] of Israel [03478] upon him I will also visit [06485] the altars [04196] of Bethel [01008]: and the horns [07161] of the altar [04196] shall be cut off [01438], and fall [05307] to the ground [0776].
24 For there shall be no more any vain [07723] vision [02377] nor flattering [02509] divination [04738] within [08432] the house [01004] of Israel [03478].
3 For the lips [08193] of a strange woman [02114] drop [05197] as an honeycomb [05317], and her mouth [02441] is smoother [02509] than oil [08081]:
22 Cast [07993] thy burden [03053] upon the LORD [03068], and he shall sustain [03557] thee: he shall never [05769] suffer [05414] the righteous [06662] to be moved [04131].
3 The LORD [03068] shall cut off [03772] all flattering [02513] lips [08193], and the tongue [03956] that speaketh [01696] proud [01419] things:
10 Destroy [0816] thou them, O God [0430]; let them fall [05307] by their own counsels [04156]; cast them out [05080] in the multitude [07230] of their transgressions [06588]; for they have rebelled [04784] against thee.
9 And the children [01121] of Israel [03478] did secretly [02644] those things [01697] that were not right against the LORD [03068] their God [0430], and they built [01129] them high places [01116] in all their cities [05892], from the tower [04026] of the watchmen [05341] to the fenced [04013] city [05892].
11 Because Ephraim [0669] hath made many [07235] altars [04196] to sin [02398], altars [04196] shall be unto him to sin [02398].
4 They have set up kings [04427], but not by me: they have made princes [07786], and I knew [03045] it not: of their silver [03701] and their gold [02091] have they made [06213] them idols [06091], that they may be cut off [03772].
10 And now will I discover [01540] her lewdness [05040] in the sight [05869] of her lovers [0157], and none [0376] shall deliver [05337] her out of mine hand [03027].
8 And I am come down [03381] to deliver [05337] them out of the hand [03027] of the Egyptians [04714], and to bring [05927] them up out of that land [0776] unto a good [02896] land [0776] and a large [07342], unto a land [0776] flowing [02100] with milk [02461] and honey [01706]; unto the place [04725] of the Canaanites [03669], and the Hittites [02850], and the Amorites [0567], and the Perizzites [06522], and the Hivites [02340], and the Jebusites [02983].
23 For they also built [01129] them high places [01116], and images [04676], and groves [0842], on every high [01364] hill [01389], and under every green [07488] tree [06086].
6 And it grew [06779], and became a spreading [05628] vine [01612] of low [08217] stature [06967], whose branches [01808] turned [06437] toward him, and the roots [08328] thereof were under him: so it became a vine [01612], and brought forth [06213] branches [0905], and shot [07971] forth sprigs [06288].
9 Thou preparedst [06437] room before [06440] it, and didst cause it to take deep [08328] root [08327], and it filled [04390] the land [0776].
10 The hills [02022] were covered [03680] with the shadow [06738] of it, and the boughs [06057] thereof were like the goodly [0410] cedars [0730].
11 She sent out [07971] her boughs [07105] unto the sea [03220], and her branches [03127] unto the river [05104].
12 Why hast thou then broken down [06555] her hedges [01447], so that all they which pass [05674] by the way [01870] do pluck [0717] her?
3 For now they shall say [0559], We have no king [04428], because we feared [03372] not the LORD [03068]; what then should a king [04428] do [06213] to us?
2 Their heart [03820] is divided [02505]; now shall they be found faulty [0816]: he shall break down [06202] their altars [04196], he shall spoil [07703] their images [04676].
1 Israel [03478] is an empty [01238] vine [01612], he bringeth forth [07737] fruit [06529] unto himself: according to the multitude [07230] of his fruit [06529] he hath increased [07235] the altars [04196]; according to the goodness [02896] of his land [0776] they have made goodly [02895] images [04676].
9 O Israel [03478], thou hast sinned [02398] from the days [03117] of Gibeah [01390]: there they stood [05975]: the battle [04421] in Gibeah [01390] against the children [01121] of iniquity [05932] did not overtake [05381] them.
10 It is in my desire [0185] that I should chastise [03256] them; and the people [05971] shall be gathered [0622] against them, when they shall bind [0631] themselves in their two [08147] furrows [05869].
11 And Ephraim [0669] is as an heifer [05697] that is taught [03925], and loveth [0157] to tread out [01758] the corn; but I passed over [05674] upon her fair [02898] neck [06677]: I will make Ephraim [0669] to ride [07392]; Judah [03063] shall plow [02790], and Jacob [03290] shall break his clods [07702].
12 Sow [02232] to yourselves in righteousness [06666], reap [07114] in [06310] mercy [02617]; break up [05214] your fallow ground [05215]: for it is time [06256] to seek [01875] the LORD [03068], till he come [0935] and rain [03384] righteousness [06664] upon you.
13 Ye have plowed [02790] wickedness [07562], ye have reaped [07114] iniquity [05766]; ye have eaten [0398] the fruit [06529] of lies [03585]: because thou didst trust [0982] in thy way [01870], in the multitude [07230] of thy mighty men [01368].
14 Therefore shall a tumult [07588] arise [06965] among thy people [05971], and all thy fortresses [04013] shall be spoiled [07703], as Shalman [08020] spoiled [07701] Betharbel [01009] in the day [03117] of battle [04421]: the mother [0517] was dashed in pieces [07376] upon her children [01121].
15 So [03602] shall Bethel [01008] do [06213] unto you because [06440] of your great [07451] wickedness [07451]: in a morning [07837] shall the king [04428] of Israel [03478] utterly [01820] be cut off [01820].
1 Israel [03478] is an empty [01238] vine [01612], he bringeth forth [07737] fruit [06529] unto himself: according to the multitude [07230] of his fruit [06529] he hath increased [07235] the altars [04196]; according to the goodness [02896] of his land [0776] they have made goodly [02895] images [04676].
2 Their heart [03820] is divided [02505]; now shall they be found faulty [0816]: he shall break down [06202] their altars [04196], he shall spoil [07703] their images [04676].
3 For now they shall say [0559], We have no king [04428], because we feared [03372] not the LORD [03068]; what then should a king [04428] do [06213] to us?
4 They have spoken [01696] words [01697], swearing [0422] falsely [07723] in making [03772] a covenant [01285]: thus judgment [04941] springeth up [06524] as hemlock [07219] in the furrows [08525] of the field [07704].
5 The inhabitants [07934] of Samaria [08111] shall fear [01481] because of the calves [05697] of Bethaven [01007]: for the people [05971] thereof shall mourn [056] over it, and the priests [03649] thereof that rejoiced [01523] on it, for the glory [03519] thereof, because it is departed [01540] from it.
6 It shall be also carried [02986] unto Assyria [0804] for a present [04503] to king [04428] Jareb [03377]: Ephraim [0669] shall receive [03947] shame [01317], and Israel [03478] shall be ashamed [0954] of his own counsel [06098].
7 As for Samaria [08111], her king [04428] is cut off [01820] as the foam [07110] upon [06440] the water [04325].
8 The high places [01116] also of Aven [0206], the sin [02403] of Israel [03478], shall be destroyed [08045]: the thorn [06975] and the thistle [01863] shall come up [05927] on their altars [04196]; and they shall say [0559] to the mountains [02022], Cover [03680] us; and to the hills [01389], Fall [05307] on us.
10 I found [04672] Israel [03478] like grapes [06025] in the wilderness [04057]; I saw [07200] your fathers [01] as the firstripe [01063] in the fig tree [08384] at her first time [07225]: but they went [0935] to Baalpeor [01187], and separated [05144] themselves unto that shame [01322]; and their abominations [08251] were according as they loved [0157].
10 For [1063] the love of money [5365] is [2076] the root [4491] of all [3956] evil [2556]: which [3739] while some [5100] coveted after [3713], they have erred [635] from [575] the faith [4102], and [2532] pierced [4044] themselves [1438] through [4044] with many [4183] sorrows [3601].