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Selected Verse: Isaiah 3:14 - Strong Concordance

Verse	Translation	Text
Isa 3:14	Strong Concordance	The LORD [03068] will enter [0935] into judgment [04941] with the ancients [02205] of his people [05971], and the princes [08269] thereof: for ye have eaten up [01197] the vineyard [03754]; the spoil [01500] of the poor [06041] is in your houses [01004].
	King James	The LORD will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.

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A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]
ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away" (Isa 3:1-2). vineyard--the Jewish theocracy (Isa 5:1-7; Psa 80:9-13). eaten up--"burnt"; namely, by "oppressive exactions" (Isa 3:12). Type of the crowning guilt of the husbandmen in the days of Jesus Christ (Mat 21:34-41). spoil . . . houses-- (Mat 23:14).

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]

ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away" (Isa 3:1-2).

vineyard--the Jewish theocracy (Isa 5:1-7; Psa 80:9-13).

eaten up--"burnt"; namely, by "oppressive exactions" (Isa 3:12). Type of the crowning guilt of the husbandmen in the days of Jesus Christ (Mat 21:34-41).

spoil . . . houses-- (Mat 23:14).

Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834]
With the ancients ... - With the old men, the counselors. Ye have eaten up the vineyard - Hebrew 'Ye have burnt up' - that is, you have oonsumed or destroyed it. By the vineyard is represented the Jewish republic or people; Psa 80:9-13; compare the notes at Isa 5:1-7. The princes and rulers had, by their exactions and oppressions, ruined the people, and destroyed the country. The spoil of the poor - The "plunder" of the poor; or that which you have taken from the poor by exactions and oppressions. The word "spoil" commonly means the plunder or booty which is obtained in war.

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]
"Jehovah will proceed to judgment with the elders of His people, and its princes. And ye, ye have eaten up the vineyard; prey of the suffering is in your houses. What mean ye that ye crush my people, and grind the face of the suffering? Thus saith the Lord Jehovah of hosts." The words of God Himself commence with "and ye" (v'attem). The sentence to which this (et vos = at vos) is the antithesis is wanting, just as in Psa 2:6, where the words of God commence with "and I" (va'ani, et ego = ast ego). the tacit clause may easily be supplied, viz., I have set you over my vineyard, but he have consumed the vineyard. The only question is, whether the sentence is to be regarded as suppressed by Jehovah Himself, or by the prophet. Most certainly by Jehovah Himself. The majesty with which He appeared before the rulers of His people as, even without words, a practical and undeniable proof that their majesty was only a shadow of His, and their office His trust. But their office consisted in the fact that Jehovah had committed His people to their care. The vineyard of Jehovah was His people - a self-evident figure, which the prophet dresses up in the form of a parable in chapter 5. Jehovah had appointed them as gardeners and keepers of this vineyard, but they themselves have become the very beasts that they ought to have warded off. בּער is applied to the beasts which completely devour the blades of a corn-field or the grapes of a vineyard (Exo 22:4). This change was perfectly obvious. The possessions stolen from their unhappy countrymen, which were still in their houses, were the tangible proof of their plundering of the vineyard. "The suffering:" ani (depressus, the crushed) is introduced as explanatory of haccerem, the prey, because depression and misery were the ordinary fate of the congregation which God called His vineyard. It was ecclesia pressa, but woe to the oppressors! In the question "what mean ye?" (mallâcem) the madness and wickedness of their deeds are implied. מה and לכם are fused into one word here, as if it were a prefix (as in Exo 4:2; Eze 8:6; Mal 1:13; vid., Ges. 20, 2). The Keri helps to make it clear by resolving the chethibh. The word mallâcem ought, strictly speaking, to be followed by chi: "What is there to you that ye crush my people?" as in Isa 22:1, Isa 22:16; but the words rush forwards (as in Jon 1:6), because they are an explosion of wrath. For this reason the expressions relating to the behaviour of the rulers are the strongest that can possibly be employed. דּכּא (crush) is also to be met with in Pro 22:22; but "grind the face" (tâchan p'ne) is a strong metaphor without a parallel. The former signifies "to pound," the latter "to grind," as the millstone grinds the corn. They grind the faces of those who are already bowed down, thrusting them back with such unmerciful severity, that they stand as it were annihilated, and their faces become as white as flour, or as the Germans would say, cheese-white, chalk-white, as pale as death, from oppression and despair. Thus the language supplied to a certain extent appropriate figures, with which to describe the conduct of the rulers of Israel; but it contained no words that could exhaust the immeasurable wickedness of their conduct: hence the magnitude of their sin is set before them in the form of a question, "What is to you?" i.e., What indescribable wickedness is this which you are committing? The prophet hears this said by Jehovah, the majestic Judge, whom he here describes as Adonai Elohim Zebaoth (according to the Masoretic pointing). This triplex name of God, which we find in the prophetic books, viz., frequently in Amos and also in Jer 2:19, occurs for the first time in the Elohistic Psalm, Psa 69:7. This scene of judgment is indeed depicted throughout in the colours of the Psalms, and more especially recals the (Elohistic) Psalm of Asaph (Psa 82:1-8).

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]

"Jehovah will proceed to judgment with the elders of His people, and its princes. And ye, ye have eaten up the vineyard; prey of the suffering is in your houses. What mean ye that ye crush my people, and grind the face of the suffering? Thus saith the Lord Jehovah of hosts." The words of God Himself commence with "and ye" (v'attem). The sentence to which this (et vos = at vos) is the antithesis is wanting, just as in Psa 2:6, where the words of God commence with "and I" (va'ani, et ego = ast ego). the tacit clause may easily be supplied, viz., I have set you over my vineyard, but he have consumed the vineyard. The only question is, whether the sentence is to be regarded as suppressed by Jehovah Himself, or by the prophet. Most certainly by Jehovah Himself. The majesty with which He appeared before the rulers of His people as, even without words, a practical and undeniable proof that their majesty was only a shadow of His, and their office His trust. But their office consisted in the fact that Jehovah had committed His people to their care. The vineyard of Jehovah was His people - a self-evident figure, which the prophet dresses up in the form of a parable in chapter 5. Jehovah had appointed them as gardeners and keepers of this vineyard, but they themselves have become the very beasts that they ought to have warded off. בּער is applied to the beasts which completely devour the blades of a corn-field or the grapes of a vineyard (Exo 22:4). This change was perfectly obvious. The possessions stolen from their unhappy countrymen, which were still in their houses, were the tangible proof of their plundering of the vineyard. "The suffering:" ani (depressus, the crushed) is introduced as explanatory of haccerem, the prey, because depression and misery were the ordinary fate of the congregation which God called His vineyard. It was ecclesia pressa, but woe to the oppressors! In the question "what mean ye?" (mallâcem) the madness and wickedness of their deeds are implied. מה and לכם are fused into one word here, as if it were a prefix (as in Exo 4:2; Eze 8:6; Mal 1:13; vid., Ges. 20, 2). The Keri helps to make it clear by resolving the chethibh. The word mallâcem ought, strictly speaking, to be followed by chi: "What is there to you that ye crush my people?" as in Isa 22:1, Isa 22:16; but the words rush forwards (as in Jon 1:6), because they are an explosion of wrath. For this reason the expressions relating to the behaviour of the rulers are the strongest that can possibly be employed. דּכּא (crush) is also to be met with in Pro 22:22; but "grind the face" (tâchan p'ne) is a strong metaphor without a parallel. The former signifies "to pound," the latter "to grind," as the millstone grinds the corn. They grind the faces of those who are already bowed down, thrusting them back with such unmerciful severity, that they stand as it were annihilated, and their faces become as white as flour, or as the Germans would say, cheese-white, chalk-white, as pale as death, from oppression and despair. Thus the language supplied to a certain extent appropriate figures, with which to describe the conduct of the rulers of Israel; but it contained no words that could exhaust the immeasurable wickedness of their conduct: hence the magnitude of their sin is set before them in the form of a question, "What is to you?" i.e., What indescribable wickedness is this which you are committing? The prophet hears this said by Jehovah, the majestic Judge, whom he here describes as Adonai Elohim Zebaoth (according to the Masoretic pointing). This triplex name of God, which we find in the prophetic books, viz., frequently in Amos and also in Jer 2:19, occurs for the first time in the Elohistic Psalm, Psa 69:7. This scene of judgment is indeed depicted throughout in the colours of the Psalms, and more especially recals the (Elohistic) Psalm of Asaph (Psa 82:1-8).

Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65]
Ancients - The princes or rulers; such were commonly chosen out of those who were in ripe years. Eaten - Destroyed instead of preserving the church and commonwealth of Israel. Spoil - The goods which you have violently taken away from the poor.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826
The vineyard. "My vineyard" - כרמי - "dr carmi, Septuagint, Chaldee, Jerome.

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¹⁴ Woe [3759] unto you [5213], scribes [1122] and [2532] Pharisees [5330], hypocrites [5273]! for [3754] ye devour [2719] widows [5503]' houses [3614], and [2532] for a pretence [4392] make [4336] long [3117] prayer [4336]: therefore [1223] [5124] ye shall receive [2983] the greater [4055] damnation [2917].

³⁴ And [1161] when [3753] the time [2540] of the fruit [2590] drew near [1448], he sent [649] his [846] servants [1401] to [4314] the husbandmen [1092], that they might receive [2983] the fruits [2590] of it [846].
³⁵ And [2532] the husbandmen [1092] took [2983] his [846] servants [1401], and beat [1194] one [3739], [3303] and [1161] killed [615] another [3739], and [1161] stoned [3036] another [3739].
³⁶ Again [3825], he sent [649] other [243] servants [1401] more [4119] than the first [4413]: and [2532] they did [4160] unto them [846] likewise [5615].
³⁷ But [1161] last of all [5305] he sent [649] unto [4314] them [846] his [846] son [5207], saying [3004], They will reverence [1788] my [3450] son [5207].
³⁸ But [1161] when the husbandmen [1092] saw [1492] the son [5207], they said [2036] among [1722] themselves [1438], This [3778] is [2076] the heir [2818]; come [1205], let us kill [615] him [846], and [2532] let us seize [2722] on his [846] inheritance [2817].
³⁹ And [2532] they caught [2983] him [846], and cast [1544] him out of [1854] the vineyard [290], and [2532] slew [615] him.
⁴⁰ When [3752] the lord [2962] therefore [3767] of the vineyard [290] cometh [2064], what [5101] will he do [4160] unto those [1565] husbandmen [1092]?
⁴¹ They say [3004] unto him [846], He will miserably [2560] destroy [622] those [846] wicked men [2556], and [2532] will let out [1554] his vineyard [290] unto other [243] husbandmen [1092], which [3748] shall render [591] him [846] the fruits [2590] in [1722] their [846] seasons [2540].

¹² As for my people [05971], children [05953] are their oppressors [05065], and women [0802] rule [04910] over them. O my people [05971], they which lead [0833] thee cause thee to err [08582], and destroy [01104] the way [01870] of thy paths [0734].

⁹ Thou preparedst [06437] room before [06440] it, and didst cause it to take deep [08328] root [08327], and it filled [04390] the land [0776].
¹⁰ The hills [02022] were covered [03680] with the shadow [06738] of it, and the boughs [06057] thereof were like the goodly [0410] cedars [0730].
¹¹ She sent out [07971] her boughs [07105] unto the sea [03220], and her branches [03127] unto the river [05104].
¹² Why hast thou then broken down [06555] her hedges [01447], so that all they which pass [05674] by the way [01870] do pluck [0717] her?
¹³ The boar [02386] out of the wood [03293] doth waste [03765] it, and the wild beast [02123] of the field [07704] doth devour [07462] it.

¹ Now will I sing [07891] to my wellbeloved [03039] a song [07892] of my beloved [01730] touching his vineyard [03754]. My wellbeloved [03039] hath a vineyard [03754] in a very fruitful [01121] [08081] hill [07161]:
² And he fenced [05823] it, and gathered out the stones [05619] thereof, and planted [05193] it with the choicest vine [08321], and built [01129] a tower [04026] in the midst [08432] of it, and also made [02672] a winepress [03342] therein: and he looked [06960] that it should bring forth [06213] grapes [06025], and it brought forth [06213] wild grapes [0891].
³ And now, O inhabitants [03427] of Jerusalem [03389], and men [0376] of Judah [03063], judge [08199], I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard [03754].
⁴ What could have been done [06213] more to my vineyard [03754], that I have not done [06213] in it? wherefore [04069], when I looked [06960] that it should bring forth [06213] grapes [06025], brought it forth [06213] wild grapes [0891]?
⁵ And now go to; I will tell [03045] you what I will do [06213] to my vineyard [03754]: I will take away [05493] the hedge [04881] thereof, and it shall be eaten up [01197]; and break down [06555] the wall [01447] thereof, and it shall be trodden down [04823]:
⁶ And I will lay [07896] it waste [01326]: it shall not be pruned [02168], nor digged [05737]; but there shall come up [05927] briers [08068] and thorns [07898]: I will also command [06680] the clouds [05645] that they rain [04305] no rain [04306] upon it.
⁷ For the vineyard [03754] of the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635] is the house [01004] of Israel [03478], and the men [0376] of Judah [03063] his pleasant [08191] plant [05194]: and he looked [06960] for judgment [04941], but behold oppression [04939]; for righteousness [06666], but behold a cry [06818].

¹ For, behold, the Lord [0113], the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635], doth take away [05493] from Jerusalem [03389] and from Judah [03063] the stay [04937] and the staff [04938], the whole stay [04937] of bread [03899], and the whole [03605] stay [04937] of water [04325],
² The mighty man [01368], and the man [0376] of war [04421], the judge [08199], and the prophet [05030], and the prudent [07080], and the ancient [02205],

¹ A Psalm [04210] of Asaph [0623]. God [0430] standeth [05324] in the congregation [05712] of the mighty [0410]; he judgeth [08199] among [07130] the gods [0430].
² How long will ye judge [08199] unjustly [05766], and accept [05375] the persons [06440] of the wicked [07563]? Selah [05542].
³ Defend [08199] the poor [01800] and fatherless [03490]: do justice [06663] to the afflicted [06041] and needy [07326].
⁴ Deliver [06403] the poor [01800] and needy [034]: rid [05337] them out of the hand [03027] of the wicked [07563].
⁵ They know [03045] not, neither will they understand [0995]; they walk [01980] on in darkness [02825]: all the foundations [04144] of the earth [0776] are out of course [04131].
⁶ I have said [0559], Ye are gods [0430]; and all of you are children [01121] of the most High [05945].
⁷ But [0403] ye shall die [04191] like men [0120], and fall [05307] like one [0259] of the princes [08269].
⁸ Arise [06965], O God [0430], judge [08199] the earth [0776]: for thou shalt inherit [05157] all nations [01471].

⁷ Because for thy sake I have borne [05375] reproach [02781]; shame [03639] hath covered [03680] my face [06440].

¹⁹ Thine own wickedness [07451] shall correct [03256] thee, and thy backslidings [04878] shall reprove [03198] thee: know [03045] therefore and see [07200] that it is an evil [07451] thing and bitter [04751], that thou hast forsaken [05800] the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], and that my fear [06345] is not in thee, saith [05002] the Lord [0136] GOD [03069] of hosts [06635].

²² Rob [01497] not the poor [01800], because he is poor [01800]: neither oppress [01792] the afflicted [06041] in the gate [08179]:

⁶ So the shipmaster [07227] [02259] came [07126] to him, and said [0559] unto him, What meanest thou, O sleeper [07290]? arise [06965], call [07121] upon thy God [0430], if so be that God [0430] will think [06245] upon us, that we perish [06] not.

¹⁶ What hast thou here? and whom hast thou here, that thou hast hewed thee out [02672] a sepulchre [06913] here [06311], as he that heweth him out [02672] a sepulchre [06913] on high [04791], and that graveth [02710] an habitation [04908] for himself in a rock [05553]?

¹ The burden [04853] of the valley [01516] of vision [02384]. What aileth thee now [0645], that thou art wholly gone up [05927] to the housetops [01406]?

¹³ Ye said [0559] also, Behold, what a weariness [04972] is it! and ye have snuffed [05301] at it, saith [0559] the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635]; and ye brought [0935] that which was torn [01497], and the lame [06455], and the sick [02470]; thus ye brought [0935] an offering [04503]: should I accept [07521] this of your hand [03027]? saith [0559] the LORD [03068].

⁶ He said [0559] furthermore unto me, Son [01121] of man [0120], seest [07200] thou what they do [06213]? even the great [01419] abominations [08441] that the house [01004] of Israel [03478] committeth [06213] here, that I should go far off [07368] from my sanctuary [04720]? but turn [07725] thee yet again, and thou shalt see [07200] greater [01419] abominations [08441].

² And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto him, What is that in thine hand [03027]? And he said [0559], A rod [04294].

⁴ If the theft [01591] be certainly [04672] found [04672] in his hand [03027] alive [02416], whether it be ox [07794], or ass [02543], or sheep [07716]; he shall restore [07999] double [08147].

⁶ Yet have I set [05258] my king [04428] upon my holy [06944] hill [02022] of Zion [06726].