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Selected Verse: Exodus 13:21 - Strong Concordance

Verse	Translation	Text
Ex 13:21	Strong Concordance	And the LORD [03068] went [01980] before [06440] them by day [03119] in a pillar [05982] of a cloud [06051], to lead [05148] them the way [01870]; and by night [03915] in a pillar [05982] of fire [0784], to give them light [0215]; to go [03212] by day [03119] and night [03915]:
	King James	And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night:

Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse

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A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]
the Lord went before them--by a visible token of His presence, the Shekinah, in a majestic cloud (Psa 78:14; Neh 9:12; Co1 10:1), called "the angel of God" (Exo 14:19; Exo 23:20-23; Psa 99:6-7; Isa 63:8-9).

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]

the Lord went before them--by a visible token of His presence, the Shekinah, in a majestic cloud (Psa 78:14; Neh 9:12; Co1 10:1), called "the angel of God" (Exo 14:19; Exo 23:20-23; Psa 99:6-7; Isa 63:8-9).

Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834]
Pillar of cloud - The Lord Himself did for the Israelites by preternatural means that which armies were obliged to do for themselves by natural agents. The Persians and Greeks used fire and smoke as signals in their marches, and in a well-known papyrus, the commander of an Egyptian expedition is called "A flame in the darkness at the head of his soldiers." By this sign then of the pillar of cloud, the Lord showed Himself as their leader and general Exo 15:3, Exo 15:6.

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]
From Etham, at the edge of the desert which separates Egypt from Asia, the Israelites were to enter the pathless desert, and leave the inhabited country. Jehovah then undertook to direct the march, and give them a safe-conduct, through a miraculous token of His presence. Whilst it is stated in Exo 13:17, Exo 13:18, that Elohim led them and determined the direction of their road, to show that they did not take the course, which they pursued, upon their own judgment, but by the direction of God; in Exo 13:21, Exo 13:22, it is said that "Jehovah went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them the way, and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light, to go by day and night," i.e., that they might march at all hours. (Note: Knobel is quite wrong in affirming, that according to the primary work, the cloud was first instituted after the erection of the tabernacle. For in the passages cited in proof of this (Exo 40:34.; Num 9:15., Exo 10:11-12, cf. Exo 17:7), the cloud is invariably referred to, with the definite article, as something already known, so that all these passages refer to Exo 13:21 of the present chapter.) To this sign of the divine presence and guidance there was a natural analogon in the caravan fire, which consisted of small iron vessels or grates, with wood fires burning in them, fastened at the end of long poles, and carried as a guide in front of caravans, and, according to Curtius (de gestis Alex. M. V. 2, 7), in trackless countries in the front of armies also, and by which the direction of the road was indicated in the day-time by the smoke, and at night by the light of the fire. There was a still closer analogy in the custom of the ancient Persians, as described by Curtius (iii. 3, 9), of carrying fire, "which they called sacred and eternal," in silver altars, in front of the army. But the pillar of cloud and fire must not be confounded with any such caravan and army fire, or set down as nothing more than a mythical conception, or a dressing up of this natural custom. The cloud was not produced by an ordinary caravan fire, nor was it "a mere symbol of the presence of God, which derived all its majesty from the belief of the Israelites, that Jehovah was there in the midst of them," according to Kster's attempt to idealize the rationalistic explanation; but it had a miraculous origin and a supernatural character. We are not to regard the phenomenon as consisting of two different pillars, that appeared alternately, one of cloud, and the other of fire. There was but one pillar of both cloud and fire (Exo 14:24); for even when shining in the dark, it is still called the pillar of cloud (Exo 14:19), or the cloud (Num 9:21); so that it was a cloud with a dark side and a bright one, causing darkness and also lighting the night (Exo 14:20), or "a cloud, and fire in it by night" (Exo 40:38). Consequently we have to imagine the cloud as the covering of the fire, so that by day it appeared as a dark cloud in contrast with the light of the sun, but by night as a fiery splendour, "a fire-look" (כּמראה־אשׁ, Num 9:15-16). When this cloud went before the army of Israel, it assumed the form of a column; so that by day it resembled a dark column of smoke rising up towards heaven, and by night a column of fire, to show the whole army what direction to take. But when it stood still above the tabernacle, or came down upon it, it most probably took the form of a round globe of cloud; and when it separated the Israelites from the Egyptians at the Red Sea, we have to imagine it spread out like a bank of cloud, forming, as it were, a dividing wall. In this cloud Jehovah, or the Angel of God, the visible representative of the invisible God under the Old Testament, was really present with the people of Israel, so that He spoke to Moses and gave him His commandments out of the cloud. In this, too, appeared "the glory of the Lord" (Exo 16:10; Exo 40:34; Num 17:7), the Shechinah of the later Jewish theology. The fire in the pillar of cloud was the same as that in which the Lord revealed Himself to Moses out of the bush, and afterwards descended upon Sinai amidst thunder and lightning in a thick cloud (Exo 19:16, Exo 19:18). It was a symbol of the "zeal of the Lord," and therefore was enveloped in a cloud, which protected Israel by day from heat, sunstroke, and pestilence (Isa 4:5-6; Isa 49:10; Psa 91:5-6; Psa 121:6), and by night lighted up its path by its luminous splendour, and defended it from the terrors of the night and from all calamity (Psa 27:1., Psa 91:5-6); but which also threatened sudden destruction to those who murmured against God (Num 17:10), and sent out a devouring fire against the rebels and consumed them (Lev 10:2; Num 16:35). As Sartorius has aptly said, "We must by no means regard it as a mere appearance or a poetical figure, and just as little as a mere mechanical clothing of elementary forms, such, for example, as storm-clouds or natural fire. Just as little, too, must we suppose the visible and material part of it to have been an element of the divine nature, which is purely spiritual. We must rather regard it as a dynamic conformation, or a higher corporeal form, composed of the earthly sphere and atmosphere, through the determining influence of the personal and specific (specimen faciens) presence of God upon the earthly element, which corporeal form God assumed and pervaded, that He might manifest His own real presence therein." (Note: "This is done," Sartorius proceeds to say, "not by His making His own invisible nature visible, nor yet merely figuratively or ideally, but by His rendering it objectively perceptible through the energy it excites, and the glorious effects it produces. The curtain (velum) of the natural which surrounds the Deity is moved and lifted (revelatur) by the word of His will, and the corresponding intention of His presence (per dextram Dei). But this is effected not by His causing the light of His countenance, which is unapproachable, to burst forth unveiled, but by His weaving out of the natural element a holy, transparent veil, which, like the fiery cloud, both shines and throws a shade, veils and unveils, so that it is equally true that God dwells in light and that He dwells in darkness (Ch2 6:1; Ti1 6:16), as true that He can be found as that He must always be sought.") Exo 13:22 This sign of the presence of God did not depart from Israel so long as the people continued in the wilderness.

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]

From Etham, at the edge of the desert which separates Egypt from Asia, the Israelites were to enter the pathless desert, and leave the inhabited country. Jehovah then undertook to direct the march, and give them a safe-conduct, through a miraculous token of His presence. Whilst it is stated in Exo 13:17, Exo 13:18, that Elohim led them and determined the direction of their road, to show that they did not take the course, which they pursued, upon their own judgment, but by the direction of God; in Exo 13:21, Exo 13:22, it is said that "Jehovah went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them the way, and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light, to go by day and night," i.e., that they might march at all hours.

(Note: Knobel is quite wrong in affirming, that according to the primary work, the cloud was first instituted after the erection of the tabernacle. For in the passages cited in proof of this (Exo 40:34.; Num 9:15., Exo 10:11-12, cf. Exo 17:7), the cloud is invariably referred to, with the definite article, as something already known, so that all these passages refer to Exo 13:21 of the present chapter.)

To this sign of the divine presence and guidance there was a natural analogon in the caravan fire, which consisted of small iron vessels or grates, with wood fires burning in them, fastened at the end of long poles, and carried as a guide in front of caravans, and, according to Curtius (de gestis Alex. M. V. 2, 7), in trackless countries in the front of armies also, and by which the direction of the road was indicated in the day-time by the smoke, and at night by the light of the fire. There was a still closer analogy in the custom of the ancient Persians, as described by Curtius (iii. 3, 9), of carrying fire, "which they called sacred and eternal," in silver altars, in front of the army. But the pillar of cloud and fire must not be confounded with any such caravan and army fire, or set down as nothing more than a mythical conception, or a dressing up of this natural custom. The cloud was not produced by an ordinary caravan fire, nor was it "a mere symbol of the presence of God, which derived all its majesty from the belief of the Israelites, that Jehovah was there in the midst of them," according to Kster's attempt to idealize the rationalistic explanation; but it had a miraculous origin and a supernatural character. We are not to regard the phenomenon as consisting of two different pillars, that appeared alternately, one of cloud, and the other of fire. There was but one pillar of both cloud and fire (Exo 14:24); for even when shining in the dark, it is still called the pillar of cloud (Exo 14:19), or the cloud (Num 9:21); so that it was a cloud with a dark side and a bright one, causing darkness and also lighting the night (Exo 14:20), or "a cloud, and fire in it by night" (Exo 40:38). Consequently we have to imagine the cloud as the covering of the fire, so that by day it appeared as a dark cloud in contrast with the light of the sun, but by night as a fiery splendour, "a fire-look" (כּמראה־אשׁ, Num 9:15-16). When this cloud went before the army of Israel, it assumed the form of a column; so that by day it resembled a dark column of smoke rising up towards heaven, and by night a column of fire, to show the whole army what direction to take. But when it stood still above the tabernacle, or came down upon it, it most probably took the form of a round globe of cloud; and when it separated the Israelites from the Egyptians at the Red Sea, we have to imagine it spread out like a bank of cloud, forming, as it were, a dividing wall. In this cloud Jehovah, or the Angel of God, the visible representative of the invisible God under the Old Testament, was really present with the people of Israel, so that He spoke to Moses and gave him His commandments out of the cloud. In this, too, appeared "the glory of the Lord" (Exo 16:10; Exo 40:34; Num 17:7), the Shechinah of the later Jewish theology. The fire in the pillar of cloud was the same as that in which the Lord revealed Himself to Moses out of the bush, and afterwards descended upon Sinai amidst thunder and lightning in a thick cloud (Exo 19:16, Exo 19:18). It was a symbol of the "zeal of the Lord," and therefore was enveloped in a cloud, which protected Israel by day from heat, sunstroke, and pestilence (Isa 4:5-6; Isa 49:10; Psa 91:5-6; Psa 121:6), and by night lighted up its path by its luminous splendour, and defended it from the terrors of the night and from all calamity (Psa 27:1., Psa 91:5-6); but which also threatened sudden destruction to those who murmured against God (Num 17:10), and sent out a devouring fire against the rebels and consumed them (Lev 10:2; Num 16:35). As Sartorius has aptly said, "We must by no means regard it as a mere appearance or a poetical figure, and just as little as a mere mechanical clothing of elementary forms, such, for example, as storm-clouds or natural fire. Just as little, too, must we suppose the visible and material part of it to have been an element of the divine nature, which is purely spiritual. We must rather regard it as a dynamic conformation, or a higher corporeal form, composed of the earthly sphere and atmosphere, through the determining influence of the personal and specific (specimen faciens) presence of God upon the earthly element, which corporeal form God assumed and pervaded, that He might manifest His own real presence therein."

(Note: "This is done," Sartorius proceeds to say, "not by His making His own invisible nature visible, nor yet merely figuratively or ideally, but by His rendering it objectively perceptible through the energy it excites, and the glorious effects it produces. The curtain (velum) of the natural which surrounds the Deity is moved and lifted (revelatur) by the word of His will, and the corresponding intention of His presence (per dextram Dei). But this is effected not by His causing the light of His countenance, which is unapproachable, to burst forth unveiled, but by His weaving out of the natural element a holy, transparent veil, which, like the fiery cloud, both shines and throws a shade, veils and unveils, so that it is equally true that God dwells in light and that He dwells in darkness (Ch2 6:1; Ti1 6:16), as true that He can be found as that He must always be sought.")

Exo 13:22

This sign of the presence of God did not depart from Israel so long as the people continued in the wilderness.

Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65]
And the Lord went before them in a pillar - In the two first stages, it was enough that God directed Moses whither to march; he knew the country, and the road; but now they are come to the edge of the wilderness, they would have occasion for a guide, and a very good guide they had, infinitely wise, kind, and faithful, the Lord went up before them; The Shechinah or appearance of the divine Majesty, which was a precious manifestation of the eternal Word, who in the fulness of time was to be made flesh, and dwell among us. Christ was with the church in the wilderness, Co1 10:9. What a satisfaction to Moses and the pious Israelites, to be sure that they were under a divine conduct? They need not fear missing their way who were thus led, nor being lost who were thus directed; they need not fear being benighted, who were thus illuminated, nor being robbed, who were thus protected. And they who make the glory of God their end, and the word of God their rule, the spirit of God the guide of their affections, and the providence of God the guide of their affairs, may be confident that the Lord goes before them, as truly is he went before Israel in the wilderness, though not so sensibly. They had sensible effects of God's going before them in this pillar. For, It led them the way in that vast howling wilderness, in which there was no road, no track, no way - marks through which they had no guides. When they marched, this pillar went before them, at the rate that they could follow, and appointed the place of their encampment, as infinite Wisdom saw fit; which eased them from care, and secured them from danger, both in moving, and in resting. It sheltered them from the heat by day, which at sometimes of the year was extreme: And it gave them light by night when they had occasion for it.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826
The Lord went before them - That by the Lord here is meant the Lord Jesus, we have the authority of St. Paul to believe, Co1 10:9 : it was he whose Spirit they tempted in the wilderness, for it was he who led them through the desert to the promised rest. Pillar of a cloud - This pillar or column, which appeared as a cloud by day, and a fire by night, was the symbol of the Divine presence. This was the Shechinah or Divine dwelling place, and was the continual proof of the presence and protection of God. It was necessary that they should have a guide to direct them through the wilderness, even had they taken the most direct road; and how much more so when they took a circuitous route not usually traveled, and of which they knew nothing but just as the luminous pillar pointed out the way! Besides, it is very likely that even Moses himself did not know the route which God had determined on, nor the places of encampment, till the pillar that went before them became stationary, and thus pointed out, not only the road, but the different places of rest. Whether there was more than one pillar is not clearly determined by the text. If there was but one it certainly assumed three different appearances, for the performance of Three very important offices. 1. In the day-time, for the purpose of pointing out the way, a column or pillar of a cloud was all that was requisite. 2. At night, to prevent that confusion which must otherwise have taken place, the pillar of cloud became a pillar of fire, not to direct their journeyings, for they seldom traveled by night, but to give light to every part of the Israelitish camp. 3. In such a scorching, barren, thirsty desert, something farther was necessary than a light and a guide. Women, children, and comparatively infirm persons, exposed to the rays of such a burning sun, must have been destroyed if without a covering; hence we find that a cloud overshadowed them: and from what St. Paul observes, Co1 10:1, Co1 10:2, we are led to conclude that this covering cloud was composed of aqueous particles for the cooling of the atmosphere and refreshment of themselves and their cattle; for he represents the whole camp as being sprinkled or immersed in the humidity of its vapours, and expressly calls it a being under the cloud and being baptized in the cloud. To the circumstance of the cloud covering them, there are several references in Scripture. Thus: He spread a Cloud for their Covering; Psa 105:39. And the Lord will create upon every dwelling place of Mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, A Cloud and Smoke By Day, and the shining of a Flaming Fire by night; for upon all the glory shall be a Defence, (or Covering), Isa 4:5; which words contain the most manifest allusion to the threefold office of the cloud in the wilderness. See Num 9:16-18, etc.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826

The Lord went before them - That by the Lord here is meant the Lord Jesus, we have the authority of St. Paul to believe, Co1 10:9 : it was he whose Spirit they tempted in the wilderness, for it was he who led them through the desert to the promised rest.

Pillar of a cloud - This pillar or column, which appeared as a cloud by day, and a fire by night, was the symbol of the Divine presence. This was the Shechinah or Divine dwelling place, and was the continual proof of the presence and protection of God. It was necessary that they should have a guide to direct them through the wilderness, even had they taken the most direct road; and how much more so when they took a circuitous route not usually traveled, and of which they knew nothing but just as the luminous pillar pointed out the way! Besides, it is very likely that even Moses himself did not know the route which God had determined on, nor the places of encampment, till the pillar that went before them became stationary, and thus pointed out, not only the road, but the different places of rest. Whether there was more than one pillar is not clearly determined by the text. If there was but one it certainly assumed three different appearances, for the performance of Three very important offices. 1. In the day-time, for the purpose of pointing out the way, a column or pillar of a cloud was all that was requisite. 2. At night, to prevent that confusion which must otherwise have taken place, the pillar of cloud became a pillar of fire, not to direct their journeyings, for they seldom traveled by night, but to give light to every part of the Israelitish camp. 3. In such a scorching, barren, thirsty desert, something farther was necessary than a light and a guide. Women, children, and comparatively infirm persons, exposed to the rays of such a burning sun, must have been destroyed if without a covering; hence we find that a cloud overshadowed them: and from what St. Paul observes, Co1 10:1, Co1 10:2, we are led to conclude that this covering cloud was composed of aqueous particles for the cooling of the atmosphere and refreshment of themselves and their cattle; for he represents the whole camp as being sprinkled or immersed in the humidity of its vapours, and expressly calls it a being under the cloud and being baptized in the cloud. To the circumstance of the cloud covering them, there are several references in Scripture. Thus: He spread a Cloud for their Covering; Psa 105:39. And the Lord will create upon every dwelling place of Mount Zion, and upon her assemblies, A Cloud and Smoke By Day, and the shining of a Flaming Fire by night; for upon all the glory shall be a Defence, (or Covering), Isa 4:5; which words contain the most manifest allusion to the threefold office of the cloud in the wilderness. See Num 9:16-18, etc.

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⁸ For he said [0559], Surely they are my people [05971], children [01121] that will not lie [08266]: so he was their Saviour [03467].
⁹ In all their affliction [06869] he was afflicted [06862], and the angel [04397] of his presence [06440] saved [03467] them: in his love [0160] and in his pity [02551] he redeemed [01350] them; and he bare [05190] them, and carried [05375] them all the days [03117] of old [05769].

⁶ Moses [04872] and Aaron [0175] among his priests [03548], and Samuel [08050] among them that call [07121] upon his name [08034]; they called [07121] upon the LORD [03068], and he answered [06030] them.
⁷ He spake [01696] unto them in the cloudy [06051] pillar [05982]: they kept [08104] his testimonies [05713], and the ordinance [02706] that he gave [05414] them.

²⁰ Behold, I send [07971] an Angel [04397] before [06440] thee, to keep [08104] thee in the way [01870], and to bring [0935] thee into the place [04725] which I have prepared [03559].
²¹ Beware [08104] of [06440] him, and obey [08085] his voice [06963], provoke [04843] him not; for he will not pardon [05375] your transgressions [06588]: for my name [08034] is in him [07130].
²² But if thou shalt indeed [08085] obey [08085] his voice [06963], and do [06213] all that I speak [01696]; then I will be an enemy [0340] unto thine enemies [0341], and an adversary [06887] unto thine adversaries [06696].
²³ For mine Angel [04397] shall go [03212] before [06440] thee, and bring [0935] thee in unto the Amorites [0567], and the Hittites [02850], and the Perizzites [06522], and the Canaanites [03669], the Hivites [02340], and the Jebusites [02983]: and I will cut them off [03582].

¹⁹ And the angel [04397] of God [0430], which went [01980] before [06440] the camp [04264] of Israel [03478], removed [05265] and went [03212] behind [0310] them; and the pillar [05982] of the cloud [06051] went [05265] from before their face [06440], and stood [05975] behind [0310] them:

¹ Moreover [1161], brethren [80], I would [2309] not [3756] that ye [5209] should be ignorant [50], how that [3754] all [3956] our [2257] fathers [3962] were [2258] under [5259] the cloud [3507], and [2532] all [3956] passed [1330] through [1223] the sea [2281];

¹² Moreover thou leddest [05148] them in the day [03119] by a cloudy [06051] pillar [05982]; and in the night [03915] by a pillar [05982] of fire [0784], to give them light [0215] in the way [01870] wherein they should go [03212].

¹⁴ In the daytime [03119] also he led [05148] them with a cloud [06051], and all the night [03915] with a light [0216] of fire [0784].

⁶ Thy right hand [03225], O LORD [03068], is become glorious [0142] in power [03581]: thy right hand [03225], O LORD [03068], hath dashed in pieces [07492] the enemy [0341].

³ The LORD [03068] is a man [0376] of war [04421]: the LORD [03068] is his name [08034].

²² He took not away [04185] the pillar [05982] of the cloud [06051] by day [03119], nor the pillar [05982] of fire [0784] by night [03915], from before [06440] the people [05971].

¹⁶ Who [3588] only [3441] hath [2192] immortality [110], dwelling [3611] in the light [5457] which no man [3762] can approach unto [676]; whom [3739] no man [444] hath seen [1492], nor [3761] can [1410] see [1492]: to whom [3739] be honour [5092] and [2532] power [2904] everlasting [166]. Amen [281].

¹ Then said [0559] Solomon [08010], The LORD [03068] hath said [0559] that he would dwell [07931] in the thick darkness [06205].

³⁵ And there came out [03318] a fire [0784] from the LORD [03068], and consumed [0398] the two hundred [03967] and fifty [02572] men [0376] that offered [07126] incense [07004].

² And there went out [03318] fire [0784] from the LORD [03068], and devoured [0398] them, and they died [04191] before [06440] the LORD [03068].

¹⁰ And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto Moses [04872], Bring [07725] Aaron's [0175] rod [04294] again [07725] before [06440] the testimony [05715], to be kept [04931] for a token [0226] against the rebels [04805] [01121]; and thou shalt quite take away [03615] their murmurings [08519] from me, that they die [04191] not.

⁵ Thou shalt not be afraid [03372] for the terror [06343] by night [03915]; nor for the arrow [02671] that flieth [05774] by day [03119];
⁶ Nor for the pestilence [01698] that walketh [01980] in darkness [0652]; nor for the destruction [06986] that wasteth [07736] at noonday [06672].

¹ A Psalm of David [01732]. The LORD [03068] is my light [0216] and my salvation [03468]; whom shall I fear [03372]? the LORD [03068] is the strength [04581] of my life [02416]; of whom shall I be afraid [06342]?

⁶ The sun [08121] shall not smite [05221] thee by day [03119], nor the moon [03394] by night [03915].

¹⁰ They shall not hunger [07456] nor thirst [06770]; neither shall the heat [08273] nor sun [08121] smite [05221] them: for he that hath mercy [07355] on them shall lead [05090] them, even by the springs [04002] of water [04325] shall he guide [05095] them.

⁵ And the LORD [03068] will create [01254] upon every dwelling place [04349] of mount [02022] Zion [06726], and upon her assemblies [04744], a cloud [06051] and smoke [06227] by day [03119], and the shining [05051] of a flaming [03852] fire [0784] by night [03915]: for upon all the glory [03519] shall be a defence [02646].
⁶ And there shall be a tabernacle [05521] for a shadow [06738] in the daytime [03119] from the heat [02721], and for a place of refuge [04268], and for a covert [04563] from storm [02230] and from rain [04306].

¹⁸ And mount [02022] Sinai [05514] was altogether on a smoke [06225], because [06440] [0834] the LORD [03068] descended [03381] upon it in fire [0784]: and the smoke [06227] thereof ascended [05927] as the smoke [06227] of a furnace [03536], and the whole mount [02022] quaked [02729] greatly [03966].

¹⁶ And it came to pass on the third [07992] day [03117] in the morning [01242], that there were thunders [06963] and lightnings [01300], and a thick [03515] cloud [06051] upon the mount [02022], and the voice [06963] of the trumpet [07782] exceeding [03966] loud [02389]; so that all the people [05971] that was in the camp [04264] trembled [02729].

⁷ And Moses [04872] laid up [03240] the rods [04294] before [06440] the LORD [03068] in the tabernacle [0168] of witness [05715].

³⁴ Then a cloud [06051] covered [03680] the tent [0168] of the congregation [04150], and the glory [03519] of the LORD [03068] filled [04390] the tabernacle [04908].

¹⁰ And it came to pass, as Aaron [0175] spake [01696] unto the whole congregation [05712] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478], that they looked [06437] toward the wilderness [04057], and, behold, the glory [03519] of the LORD [03068] appeared [07200] in the cloud [06051].

¹⁵ And on the day [03117] that the tabernacle [04908] was reared up [06965] the cloud [06051] covered [03680] the tabernacle [04908], namely, the tent [0168] of the testimony [05715]: and at even [06153] there was upon the tabernacle [04908] as it were the appearance [04758] of fire [0784], until the morning [01242].
¹⁶ So it was alway [08548]: the cloud [06051] covered [03680] it by day, and the appearance [04758] of fire [0784] by night [03915].

³⁸ For the cloud [06051] of the LORD [03068] was upon the tabernacle [04908] by day [03119], and fire [0784] was on it by night [03915], in the sight [05869] of all the house [01004] of Israel [03478], throughout all their journeys [04550].

²⁰ And it came [0935] between the camp [04264] of the Egyptians [04714] and the camp [04264] of Israel [03478]; and it was a cloud [06051] and darkness [02822] to them, but it gave light [0215] by night [03915] to these: so that the one came not near [07126] the other [02088] all the night [03915].

²¹ And so it was [03426], when the cloud [06051] abode from even [06153] unto the morning [01242], and that the cloud [06051] was taken up [05927] in the morning [01242], then they journeyed [05265]: whether it was by day [03119] or by night [03915] that the cloud [06051] was taken up [05927], they journeyed [05265].

²⁴ And it came to pass, that in the morning [01242] watch [0821] the LORD [03068] looked [08259] unto the host [04264] of the Egyptians [04714] through the pillar [05982] of fire [0784] and of the cloud [06051], and troubled [02000] the host [04264] of the Egyptians [04714],

²¹ And the LORD [03068] went [01980] before [06440] them by day [03119] in a pillar [05982] of a cloud [06051], to lead [05148] them the way [01870]; and by night [03915] in a pillar [05982] of fire [0784], to give them light [0215]; to go [03212] by day [03119] and night [03915]:

⁷ And he called [07121] the name [08034] of the place [04725] Massah [04532], and Meribah [04809], because of the chiding [07379] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478], and because they tempted [05254] the LORD [03068], saying [0559], Is [03426] the LORD [03068] among [07130] us, or not?

¹¹ Not so: go [03212] now ye that are men [01397], and serve [05647] the LORD [03068]; for that ye did desire [01245]. And they were driven out [01644] from Pharaoh's [06547] presence [06440].
¹² And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto Moses [04872], Stretch out [05186] thine hand [03027] over the land [0776] of Egypt [04714] for the locusts [0697], that they may come up [05927] upon the land [0776] of Egypt [04714], and eat [0398] every herb [06212] of the land [0776], even all that the hail [01259] hath left [07604].

³⁴ Then a cloud [06051] covered [03680] the tent [0168] of the congregation [04150], and the glory [03519] of the LORD [03068] filled [04390] the tabernacle [04908].

²² He took not away [04185] the pillar [05982] of the cloud [06051] by day [03119], nor the pillar [05982] of fire [0784] by night [03915], from before [06440] the people [05971].

¹⁸ But God [0430] led [05437] the people [05971] about [05437], through the way [01870] of the wilderness [04057] of the Red [05488] sea [03220]: and the children [01121] of Israel [03478] went up [05927] harnessed [02571] out of the land [0776] of Egypt [04714].

¹⁷ And it came to pass, when Pharaoh [06547] had let the people [05971] go [07971], that God [0430] led [05148] them not through the way [01870] of the land [0776] of the Philistines [06430], although [03588] that was near [07138]; for God [0430] said [0559], Lest peradventure the people [05971] repent [05162] when they see [07200] war [04421], and they return [07725] to Egypt [04714]:

⁹ Neither [3366] let us tempt [1598] Christ [5547], as [2531] some [5100] of them [846] also [2532] tempted [3985], and [2532] were destroyed [622] of [5259] serpents [3789].

¹⁶ So it was alway [08548]: the cloud [06051] covered [03680] it by day, and the appearance [04758] of fire [0784] by night [03915].
¹⁷ And when [06310] the cloud [06051] was taken up [05927] from the tabernacle [0168], then after [0310] that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] journeyed [05265]: and in the place [04725] where the cloud [06051] abode [07931], there the children [01121] of Israel [03478] pitched their tents [02583].
¹⁸ At the commandment [06310] of the LORD [03068] the children [01121] of Israel [03478] journeyed [05265], and at the commandment [06310] of the LORD [03068] they pitched [02583]: as long as [03117] the cloud [06051] abode [07931] upon the tabernacle [04908] they rested [02583] in their tents.

³⁹ He spread [06566] a cloud [06051] for a covering [04539]; and fire [0784] to give light [0215] in the night [03915].

² And [2532] were [907] all [3956] baptized [907] unto [1519] Moses [3475] in [1722] the cloud [3507] and [2532] in [1722] the sea [2281];

⁹ Neither [3366] let us tempt [1598] Christ [5547], as [2531] some [5100] of them [846] also [2532] tempted [3985], and [2532] were destroyed [622] of [5259] serpents [3789].