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Selected Verse: Psalms 22:12 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| Ps 22:12 |
Strong Concordance |
Many [07227] bulls [06499] have compassed [05437] me: strong [047] bulls of Bashan [01316] have beset me round [03803]. |
| |
King James |
Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
| His enemies, with the vigor of bulls and rapacity of lions, surround him, eagerly seeking his ruin. The force of both figures is greater without the use of any particle denoting comparison. |
| Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
Many bulls have compassed me - Men with the fierceness and fury of bulls. Compare Isa 51:20; Psa 68:30.
Strong bulls of Bashan - The country of Bashan embraced the territory which was on the east of the Jordan, north of Gilead, which was given to the half tribe of Manasseh: compare Gen 14:5 with Jos 12:4-6. It was distinguished as pasture land for its richness. Its trees and its breed of cattle are frequently referred to in the Scriptures. Thus in Deu 32:14, "rams of the breed of Bashan" are mentioned; in Isa 2:13, Zac 11:2, "oaks of Bashan" are mentioned in connection with the cedars of Lebanon; in Amo 4:1, "the kine of Bashan" are mentioned. The bulls of Bashan are here alluded to as remarkable for their size, their strength, and their fierceness; and are designed to represent men that were fierce, savage, and violent. As applied to the Redeemer, the allusion is to the fierce and cruel men that persecuted him and sought his life. No one can doubt that the allusion is applicable to his persecutors and murderers; and no one can show that the thought indicated by this phrase also may not have passed through the mind of the Redeemer when on the cross. |
| Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
| (Heb.: 22:13-14)Looking back upon his relationship to God, which has existed from the earliest times, the sufferer has become somewhat more calm, and is ready, in Psa 22:13, to describe his outward and inner life, and thus to unburden his heart. Here he calls his enemies פּרים, bullocks, and in fact אבּירי בּשׁן (cf. Psa 50:13 with Deu 32:14), strong ones of Bashan, the land rich in luxuriant oak forests and fat pastures (בשׁן = buthne, which in the Beduin dialect means rich, stoneless meadow-land, vid., Job S. 509f.; tr. ii. pp. 399f.) north of Jabbok extending as far as to the borders of Hermon, the land of Og and afterwards of Manasseh (Num 30:1). They are so called on account of their robustness and vigour, which, being acquired and used in opposition to God is brutish rather than human (cf. Amo 4:1). Figures like these drawn from the animal world and applied in an ethical sense are explained by the fact, that the ancients measured the instincts of animals according to the moral rules of human nature; but more deeply by the fact, that according to the indisputable conception of Scripture, since man was made to fall by Satan through the agency of an animal, the animal and Satan are the two dominant powers in Adamic humanity. כּתּר is a climactic synonym of סבב. On Psa 22:14 compare the echoes in Jeremiah, Lam 2:16; Lam 3:46. Finally, the foes are all comprehended under the figure of a lion, which, as soon as he sights his prey, begins to roar, Amo 3:4. The Hebrew טרף, discerpere, according to its root, belongs to חרף, carpere. They are instar leonis dilaniaturi et rugientis. |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| Bulls - Wicked and violent, and potent enemies; for such are so called, Eze 39:18; Amo 4:1. Of Bashan - As the cattle there bred were, and therefore fierce and furious. |
| Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
Many bulls have compassed me - The bull is the emblem of brutal strength, that gores and tramples down all before it. Such was Absalom, Ahithophel, and others, who rose up in rebellion against David; and such were the Jewish rulers who conspired against Christ.
Strong bulls of Bashan - Bashan was a district beyond Jordan, very fertile, where they were accustomed to fatten cattle, which became, in consequence of the excellent pasture, the largest, as well as the fattest, in the country. See Calmet. All in whose hands were the chief power and influence became David's enemies; for Absalom had stolen away the hearts of all Israel. Against Christ, the chiefs both of Jews and Gentiles were united. |
1 Hear [08085] this word [01697], ye kine [06510] of Bashan [01316], that are in the mountain [02022] of Samaria [08111], which oppress [06231] the poor [01800], which crush [07533] the needy [034], which say [0559] to their masters [0113], Bring [0935], and let us drink [08354].
2 Howl [03213], fir tree [01265]; for the cedar [0730] is fallen [05307]; because the mighty [0117] are spoiled [07703]: howl [03213], O ye oaks [0437] of Bashan [01316]; for the forest [03293] of the vintage [01208] [01219] is come down [03381].
13 And upon all the cedars [0730] of Lebanon [03844], that are high [07311] and lifted up [05375], and upon all the oaks [0437] of Bashan [01316],
14 Butter [02529] of kine [01241], and milk [02461] of sheep [06629], with fat [02459] of lambs [03733], and rams [0352] of the breed [01121] of Bashan [01316], and goats [06260], with the fat [02459] of kidneys [03629] of wheat [02406]; and thou didst drink [08354] the pure [02561] blood [01818] of the grape [06025].
4 And the coast [01366] of Og [05747] king [04428] of Bashan [01316], which was of the remnant [03499] of the giants [07497], that dwelt [03427] at Ashtaroth [06252] and at Edrei [0154],
5 And reigned [04910] in mount [02022] Hermon [02768], and in Salcah [05548], and in all Bashan [01316], unto the border [01366] of the Geshurites [01651] and the Maachathites [04602], and half [02677] Gilead [01568], the border [01366] of Sihon [05511] king [04428] of Heshbon [02809].
6 Them did Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] and the children [01121] of Israel [03478] smite [05221]: and Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] gave [05414] it for a possession [03425] unto the Reubenites [07206], and the Gadites [01425], and the half [02677] tribe [07626] of Manasseh [04519].
5 And in the fourteenth [06240] [0702] year [08141] came [0935] Chedorlaomer [03540], and the kings [04428] that were with him, and smote [05221] the Rephaims [07497] in Ashteroth Karnaim [06255], and the Zuzims [02104] in Ham [01990], and the Emims [0368] in Shaveh Kiriathaim [07741],
30 Rebuke [01605] the company [02416] of spearmen [07070], the multitude [05712] of the bulls [047], with the calves [05695] of the people [05971], till every one submit [07511] himself with pieces [07518] of silver [03701]: scatter [0967] thou the people [05971] that delight [02654] in war [07128].
20 Thy sons [01121] have fainted [05968], they lie [07901] at the head [07218] of all the streets [02351], as a wild bull [08377] in a net [04364]: they are full [04392] of the fury [02534] of the LORD [03068], the rebuke [01606] of thy God [0430].
4 Will a lion [0738] roar [07580] in the forest [03293], when he hath no prey [02964]? will a young lion [03715] cry out [05414] [06963] of his den [04585], if he have taken [03920] nothing [01115]?
46 All our enemies [0341] have opened [06475] their mouths [06310] against us.
16 All thine enemies [0341] have opened [06475] their mouth [06310] against thee: they hiss [08319] and gnash [02786] the teeth [08127]: they say [0559], We have swallowed her up [01104]: certainly [0389] this is the day [03117] that we looked for [06960]; we have found [04672], we have seen [07200] it.
14 I am poured out [08210] like water [04325], and all my bones [06106] are out of joint [06504]: my heart [03820] is like wax [01749]; it is melted [04549] in the midst [08432] of my bowels [04578].
1 Hear [08085] this word [01697], ye kine [06510] of Bashan [01316], that are in the mountain [02022] of Samaria [08111], which oppress [06231] the poor [01800], which crush [07533] the needy [034], which say [0559] to their masters [0113], Bring [0935], and let us drink [08354].
1 And Moses [04872] spake [01696] unto the heads [07218] of the tribes [04294] concerning the children [01121] of Israel [03478], saying [0559], This is the thing [01697] which the LORD [03068] hath commanded [06680].
14 Butter [02529] of kine [01241], and milk [02461] of sheep [06629], with fat [02459] of lambs [03733], and rams [0352] of the breed [01121] of Bashan [01316], and goats [06260], with the fat [02459] of kidneys [03629] of wheat [02406]; and thou didst drink [08354] the pure [02561] blood [01818] of the grape [06025].
13 Will I eat [0398] the flesh [01320] of bulls [047], or drink [08354] the blood [01818] of goats [06260]?
13 They gaped [06475] upon me with their mouths [06310], as a ravening [02963] and a roaring [07580] lion [0738].
1 Hear [08085] this word [01697], ye kine [06510] of Bashan [01316], that are in the mountain [02022] of Samaria [08111], which oppress [06231] the poor [01800], which crush [07533] the needy [034], which say [0559] to their masters [0113], Bring [0935], and let us drink [08354].
18 Ye shall eat [0398] the flesh [01320] of the mighty [01368], and drink [08354] the blood [01818] of the princes [05387] of the earth [0776], of rams [0352], of lambs [03733], and of goats [06260], of bullocks [06499], all of them fatlings [04806] of Bashan [01316].