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Selected Verse: 1 Kings 5:13 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| 1Ki 5:13 |
Strong Concordance |
And king [04428] Solomon [08010] raised [05927] a levy [04522] out of all Israel [03478]; and the levy [04522] was thirty [07970] thousand [0505] men [0376]. |
| |
King James |
And king Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel; and the levy was thirty thousand men. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
SOLOMON'S WORKMEN AND LABORERS. (Kg1 5:13-18)
Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel--The renewed notice of Solomon's divine gift of wisdom (Kg1 5:12) is evidently introduced to prepare for this record of the strong but prudent measures he took towards the accomplishment of his work. So great a stretch of arbitrary power as is implied in this compulsory levy would have raised great discontent, if not opposition, had not his wise arrangement of letting the laborers remain at home two months out of three, added to the sacredness of the work, reconciled the people to this forced labor. The carrying of burdens and the irksome work of excavating the quarries was assigned to the remnant of the Canaanites (Kg1 9:20; Ch2 8:7-9) and war prisoners made by David--amounting to 153,600. The employment of persons of that condition in Eastern countries for carrying on any public work, would make this part of the arrangements the less thought of. |
| Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
| A levy out of all Israel - This was, apparently, the first time that the Israelites had been called upon to perform forced labor, though it had been prophesied Sa1 8:16. David had bound to forced service "the strangers" Ch1 22:2; but hitherto the Israelites had escaped. Solomon now, in connection with his proposed work of building the temple, with the honor of God as an excuse, laid this burden upon them. Out of the 1,300, 000 able-bodied Israelites Sa2 24:9, a band of 30,000 - one in forty-four - was raised, of whom one-third was constantly at work in Lebanon, while two-thirds remained at home, and pursued their usual occupations. This, though a very light form of task work, was felt as a great oppression, and was the chief cause of the revolt of the ten tribes at Solomon's death Kg1 12:4. |
| Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
| The tributary labourers out of Israel. - Kg1 5:13, Kg1 5:14. Solomon raised a tribute (מס, tribute-labourers, as in Kg1 4:6) out of all Israel, i.e., out of the whole nation (not "out of the whole territory of Israel," as Ewald supposes), 30,000 men, and sent them up to Lebanon, 10,000 a month in rotation; one month they were on Lebanon (doing tribute work), two months at home (looking after the cultivation of their own ground). ויּעל, from העלה, does not mean in tabulas referre, in support of which appeal is made to Ch1 27:24, though on insufficient ground, but ascendere fecit, corresponding to the German ausheben (to raise). He raised them out of the nation, to send the up Lebanon (cf. Kg1 9:25). These 30,000 Israelitish labourers must be distinguished from the remnants of the Canaanites who were made into tribute-slaves (Kg1 5:15 and Kg1 9:20). The latter are called עבד מס, tribute-slaves, in Kg1 9:21 as in Jos 16:10. That the Israelites were not to render the service of bondsmen is evident from the fact, that they only rendered tribute for four months of the year, and were at home for eight months; and the use of the epithet מס is not at variance with this. For even if this word is applied elsewhere to the Canaanitish bondsmen (e.g., Jos 17:13; Jdg 1:28, Jdg 1:30, and Ch2 8:8), a distinction is decidedly made in our account of Solomon between מס and עבד מס, inasmuch as in Kg1 9:22, after the Canaanitish bondsmen have been mentioned, it is expressly stated that "of Israel Solomon made no one a slave" (עגלים). The 30,000 Israelitish tribute-servants are "to be thought of as free Israelites, who simply performed the less severe work of felling trees in fellowship with and under the direction of the subjects of Hiram _(see at Kg1 5:6), according to the command of the king, and probably not even that without remuneration" (Thenius). For Adoniram see at Kg1 4:6. |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| The levy - Which were to be employed in the most honourable and easy parts of the work relating to the temple; and these were Israelites; but those fifteen hundred thousand mentioned Kg1 5:15, were strangers. If it seem strange, that so many thousands should be employed about so small a building as the temple was; it must be considered, that the temple, all its parts being considered, was far larger than men imagine; that it is probable, they were employed by turns, as the thirty thousand were, Kg1 5:14, else they had been oppressed with hard and uninterrupted labours. that the timber and stone hewed and carried by them, was designed, not only for the temple, but also for Solomon's own houses, and buildings; because we read of no other levy of men, nor of any care and pains taken after the building of the temple, for the procurement, or preparation of materials for his own houses, or his other buildings; nay, that this very levy of men was made and employed for the building of the Lord's house, and Solomon's house, and Millo, and the wall of Jerusalem, and Hazor, and Megiddo, and Gezer, is expressed Kg1 9:15. |
| Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
| The levy was thirty thousand men - We find from the following verse that only ten thousand were employed at once, and those only for one month at a time; and having rested two months, they again resumed their labor. These were the persons over whom Adoniram was superintendent, and were all Israelites. |
7 As for all the people [05971] that were left [03498] of the Hittites [02850], and the Amorites [0567], and the Perizzites [06522], and the Hivites [02340], and the Jebusites [02983], which were not of Israel [03478],
8 But of their children [01121], who were left [03498] after [0310] them in the land [0776], whom the children [01121] of Israel [03478] consumed [03615] not, them did Solomon [08010] make to pay [05927] tribute [04522] until this day [03117].
9 But of the children [01121] of Israel [03478] did Solomon [08010] make [05414] no servants [05650] for his work [04399]; but they were men [0582] of war [04421], and chief [08269] of his captains [07991], and captains [08269] of his chariots [07393] and horsemen [06571].
20 And all the people [05971] that were left [03498] of the Amorites [0567], Hittites [02850], Perizzites [06522], Hivites [02340], and Jebusites [02983], which were not of the children [01121] of Israel [03478],
12 And the LORD [03068] gave [05414] Solomon [08010] wisdom [02451], as he promised [01696] him: and there was peace [07965] between Hiram [02438] and Solomon [08010]; and they two [08147] made [03772] a league [01285] together [08147].
13 And king [04428] Solomon [08010] raised [05927] a levy [04522] out of all Israel [03478]; and the levy [04522] was thirty [07970] thousand [0505] men [0376].
14 And he sent [07971] them to Lebanon [03844], ten [06235] thousand [0505] a month [02320] by courses [02487]: a month [02320] they were in Lebanon [03844], and two [08147] months [02320] at home [01004]: and Adoniram [0141] was over the levy [04522].
15 And Solomon [08010] had threescore and ten [07657] thousand [0505] that bare [05375] burdens [05449], and fourscore [08084] thousand [0505] hewers [02672] in the mountains [02022];
16 Beside the chief [08269] of Solomon's [08010] officers [05324] which were over the work [04399], three [07969] thousand [0505] and three [07969] hundred [03967], which ruled [07287] over the people [05971] that wrought [06213] in the work [04399].
17 And the king [04428] commanded [06680], and they brought [05265] great [01419] stones [068], costly [03368] stones [068], and hewed [01496] stones [068], to lay the foundation [03245] of the house [01004].
18 And Solomon's [08010] builders [01129] and Hiram's [02438] builders [01129] did hew [06458] them, and the stonesquarers [01382]: so they prepared [03559] timber [06086] and stones [068] to build [01129] the house [01004].
4 Thy father [01] made [07185] our yoke [05923] grievous [07185]: now therefore make thou the grievous [07186] service [05656] of thy father [01], and his heavy [03515] yoke [05923] which he put [05414] upon us, lighter [07043], and we will serve [05647] thee.
9 And Joab [03097] gave up [05414] the sum [04557] of the number [04662] of the people [05971] unto the king [04428]: and there were in Israel [03478] eight [08083] hundred [03967] thousand [0505] valiant [02428] men [0376] [0381] that drew [08025] the sword [02719]; and the men [0376] of Judah [03063] were five [02568] hundred [03967] thousand [0505] men [0376].
2 And David [01732] commanded [0559] to gather together [03664] the strangers [01616] that were in the land [0776] of Israel [03478]; and he set [05975] masons [02672] to hew [02672] wrought [01496] stones [068] to build [01129] the house [01004] of God [0430].
16 And he will take [03947] your menservants [05650], and your maidservants [08198], and your goodliest [02896] young men [0970], and your asses [02543], and put [06213] them to his work [04399].
6 And Ahishar [0301] was over the household [01004]: and Adoniram [0141] the son [01121] of Abda [05653] was over the tribute [04522].
6 Now therefore command [06680] thou that they hew [03772] me cedar trees [0730] out of Lebanon [03844]; and my servants [05650] shall be with thy servants [05650]: and unto thee will I give [05414] hire [07939] for thy servants [05650] according to all that thou shalt appoint [0559]: for thou knowest [03045] that there is not among us any [0376] that can skill [03045] to hew [03772] timber [06086] like unto the Sidonians [06722].
22 But of the children [01121] of Israel [03478] did Solomon [08010] make [05414] no bondmen [05650]: but they were men [0582] of war [04421], and his servants [05650], and his princes [08269], and his captains [07991], and rulers [08269] of his chariots [07393], and his horsemen [06571].
8 But of their children [01121], who were left [03498] after [0310] them in the land [0776], whom the children [01121] of Israel [03478] consumed [03615] not, them did Solomon [08010] make to pay [05927] tribute [04522] until this day [03117].
30 Neither did Zebulun [02074] drive out [03423] the inhabitants [03427] of Kitron [07003], nor the inhabitants [03427] of Nahalol [05096]; but the Canaanites [03669] dwelt [03427] among [07130] them, and became tributaries [04522].
28 And it came to pass, when Israel [03478] was strong [02388], that they put [07760] the Canaanites [03669] to tribute [04522], and did not utterly [03423] drive them out [03423].
13 Yet it came to pass, when the children [01121] of Israel [03478] were waxen strong [02388], that they put [05414] the Canaanites [03669] to tribute [04522]; but did not utterly [03423] drive them out [03423].
10 And they drave not out [03423] the Canaanites [03669] that dwelt [03427] in Gezer [01507]: but the Canaanites [03669] dwell [03427] among [07130] the Ephraimites [0669] unto this day [03117], and serve [05647] under tribute [04522].
21 Their children [01121] that were left [03498] after [0310] them in the land [0776], whom the children [01121] of Israel [03478] also were not able [03201] utterly to destroy [02763], upon those did Solomon [08010] levy [05927] a tribute [04522] of bondservice [05647] unto this day [03117].
20 And all the people [05971] that were left [03498] of the Amorites [0567], Hittites [02850], Perizzites [06522], Hivites [02340], and Jebusites [02983], which were not of the children [01121] of Israel [03478],
15 And Solomon [08010] had threescore and ten [07657] thousand [0505] that bare [05375] burdens [05449], and fourscore [08084] thousand [0505] hewers [02672] in the mountains [02022];
25 And three [07969] times [06471] in a year [08141] did Solomon [08010] offer [05927] burnt offerings [05930] and peace offerings [08002] upon the altar [04196] which he built [01129] unto the LORD [03068], and he burnt incense [06999] upon the altar [04196] that was before [06440] the LORD [03068]. So he finished [07999] the house [01004].
24 Joab [03097] the son [01121] of Zeruiah [06870] began [02490] to number [04487], but he finished [03615] not, because there fell wrath [07110] for it [02063] against Israel [03478]; neither was the number [04557] put [05927] in the account [04557] of the chronicles [01697] [03117] of king [04428] David [01732].
6 And Ahishar [0301] was over the household [01004]: and Adoniram [0141] the son [01121] of Abda [05653] was over the tribute [04522].
14 And he sent [07971] them to Lebanon [03844], ten [06235] thousand [0505] a month [02320] by courses [02487]: a month [02320] they were in Lebanon [03844], and two [08147] months [02320] at home [01004]: and Adoniram [0141] was over the levy [04522].
13 And king [04428] Solomon [08010] raised [05927] a levy [04522] out of all Israel [03478]; and the levy [04522] was thirty [07970] thousand [0505] men [0376].
15 And this is the reason [01697] of the levy [04522] which king [04428] Solomon [08010] raised [05927]; for to build [01129] the house [01004] of the LORD [03068], and his own house [01004], and Millo [04407], and the wall [02346] of Jerusalem [03389], and Hazor [02674], and Megiddo [04023], and Gezer [01507].
14 And he sent [07971] them to Lebanon [03844], ten [06235] thousand [0505] a month [02320] by courses [02487]: a month [02320] they were in Lebanon [03844], and two [08147] months [02320] at home [01004]: and Adoniram [0141] was over the levy [04522].
15 And Solomon [08010] had threescore and ten [07657] thousand [0505] that bare [05375] burdens [05449], and fourscore [08084] thousand [0505] hewers [02672] in the mountains [02022];