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Selected Verse: 1 Samuel 8:1 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
1Sa 8:1 |
Strong Concordance |
And it came to pass, when Samuel [08050] was old [02204], that he made [07760] his sons [01121] judges [08199] over Israel [03478]. |
|
King James |
And it came to pass, when Samuel was old, that he made his sons judges over Israel. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
OCCASIONED BY THE ILL-GOVERNMENT OF SAMUEL'S SONS, THE ISRAELITES ASK A KING. (1Sa. 8:1-18)
when Samuel was old--He was now about fifty-four years of age, having discharged the office of sole judge for twelve years. Unable, from growing infirmities, to prosecute his circuit journeys through the country, he at length confined his magisterial duties to Ramah and its neighborhood (Sa1 7:15), delegating to his sons as his deputies the administration of justice in the southern districts of Palestine, their provincial court being held at Beer-sheba. The young men, however, did not inherit the high qualities of their father. Having corrupted the fountains of justice for their own private aggrandizement, a deputation of the leading men in the country lodged a complaint against them in headquarters, accompanied with a formal demand for a change in the government. The limited and occasional authority of the judges, the disunion and jealousy of the tribes under the administration of those rulers, had been creating a desire for a united and permanent form of government; while the advanced age of Samuel, together with the risk of his death happening in the then unsettled state of the people, was the occasion of calling forth an expression of this desire now. |
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
This verse implies a long period, probably not less than 20 years, of which we have no account except what is contained in the brief notice in Sa1 7:13-17. The general idea conveyed is of a time of peace and prosperity, analogous to that under other Judges. |
Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
Sa1 8:1-2
The reason assigned for the appointment of Samuel's sons as judges is his own advanced age. The inference which we might draw from this alone, namely, that they were simply to support their father in the administration of justice, and that Samuel had no intention of laying down his office, and still less of making the supreme office of judge hereditary in his family, is still more apparent from the fact that they were stationed as judges of the nation in Beersheba, which was on the southern border of Canaan (Jdg 20:1, etc.; see at Gen 21:31). The sons are also mentioned again in Ch1 6:13, though the name of the elder has either been dropped out of the Masoretic text or has become corrupt.
Sa1 8:3
The sons, however, did not walk in the ways of their father, but set their hearts upon gain, took bribes, and perverted justice, in opposition to the command of God (see Exo 23:6, Exo 23:8; Deu 16:19).
Sa1 8:4-5
These circumstances (viz., Samuel's age and the degeneracy of his sons) furnished the elders of Israel with the opportunity to apply to Samuel with this request: "Appoint us a king to judge us, as all the nations" (the heathen), sc., have kings. This request resembles so completely the law of the king in Deu 17:14 (observe, for example, the expression כּכל־הגּוים), that the distinct allusion to it is unmistakeable. The custom of expressly quoting the book of the law is met with for the first time in the writings of the period of the captivity. The elders simply desired what Jehovah had foretold through His servant Moses, as a thing that would take place in the future and for which He had even made provision. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
Old - And so unfit for his former travels and labours. He is not supposed to have been now above sixty years of age. But he had spent his strength and spirits in the fatigue of public business: and now if he thinks to shake himself as at other times, he finds he is mistaken: age has cut his hair. They that are in the prime of their years, ought to be busy in doing the work of life: for as they go into years, they will find themselves less disposed to it, and less capable of it. Judges - Not supreme judges, for such there was to be but one, and that of God's chusing; and Samuel still kept that office in his own hands, Sa1 7:15, but his deputies, to go about and determine matters, but with reservation of a right of appeals to himself. He had doubtless instructed them in a singular manner, and fitted them for the highest employments; and he hoped that the example he had sent them, and the authority he still had over them, would oblige them to diligence and faithfulness in their trust. |
Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
When Samuel was old - Supposed to be about sixty.
He made his sons judges - He appointed them as his lieutenants to superintend certain affairs in Beer-sheba, which he could not conveniently attend to himself. But they were never judges in the proper sense of the word; Samuel was the last judge in Israel, and he judged it to the day of his death. See Sa1 7:16. |
15 And Samuel [08050] judged [08199] Israel [03478] all the days [03117] of his life [02416].
13 So the Philistines [06430] were subdued [03665], and they came [0935] no more [03254] into the coast [01366] of Israel [03478]: and the hand [03027] of the LORD [03068] was against the Philistines [06430] all the days [03117] of Samuel [08050].
14 And the cities [05892] which the Philistines [06430] had taken [03947] from Israel [03478] were restored [07725] to Israel [03478], from Ekron [06138] even unto Gath [01661]; and the coasts [01366] thereof did Israel [03478] deliver [05337] out of the hands [03027] of the Philistines [06430]. And there was peace [07965] between Israel [03478] and the Amorites [0567].
15 And Samuel [08050] judged [08199] Israel [03478] all the days [03117] of his life [02416].
16 And he went [01980] from [01767] year [08141] to year [08141] in circuit [05437] to Bethel [01008], and Gilgal [01537], and Mizpeh [04709], and judged [08199] Israel [03478] in all those places [04725].
17 And his return [08666] was to Ramah [07414]; for there was his house [01004]; and there he judged [08199] Israel [03478]; and there he built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068].
14 When thou art come [0935] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, and shalt possess [03423] it, and shalt dwell [03427] therein, and shalt say [0559], I will set [07760] a king [04428] over me, like as all the nations [01471] that are about [05439] me;
4 Then all the elders [02205] of Israel [03478] gathered themselves together [06908], and came [0935] to Samuel [08050] unto Ramah [07414],
5 And said [0559] unto him, Behold, thou art old [02204], and thy sons [01121] walk [01980] not in thy ways [01870]: now make [07760] us a king [04428] to judge [08199] us like all the nations [01471].
19 Thou shalt not wrest [05186] judgment [04941]; thou shalt not respect [05234] persons [06440], neither take [03947] a gift [07810]: for a gift [07810] doth blind [05786] the eyes [05869] of the wise [02450], and pervert [05557] the words [01697] of the righteous [06662].
8 And thou shalt take [03947] no gift [07810]: for the gift [07810] blindeth [05786] the wise [06493], and perverteth [05557] the words [01697] of the righteous [06662].
6 Thou shalt not wrest [05186] the judgment [04941] of thy poor [034] in his cause [07379].
3 And his sons [01121] walked [01980] not in his ways [01870], but turned aside [05186] after [0310] lucre [01215], and took [03947] bribes [07810], and perverted [05186] judgment [04941].
13 And Shallum [07967] begat [03205] Hilkiah [02518], and Hilkiah [02518] begat [03205] Azariah [05838],
31 Wherefore he called [07121] that place [04725] Beersheba [0884]; because there they sware [07650] both of them [08147].
1 Then all the children [01121] of Israel [03478] went out [03318], and the congregation [05712] was gathered together [06950] as one [0259] man [0376], from Dan [01835] even to Beersheba [0884], with the land [0776] of Gilead [01568], unto the LORD [03068] in Mizpeh [04709].
1 And it came to pass, when Samuel [08050] was old [02204], that he made [07760] his sons [01121] judges [08199] over Israel [03478].
2 Now the name [08034] of his firstborn [01121] [01060] was Joel [03100]; and the name [08034] of his second [04932], Abiah [029]: they were judges [08199] in Beersheba [0884].
15 And Samuel [08050] judged [08199] Israel [03478] all the days [03117] of his life [02416].
16 And he went [01980] from [01767] year [08141] to year [08141] in circuit [05437] to Bethel [01008], and Gilgal [01537], and Mizpeh [04709], and judged [08199] Israel [03478] in all those places [04725].