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Selected Verse: Jeremiah 50:41 - Strong Concordance

Verse	Translation	Text
Jer 50:41	Strong Concordance	Behold, a people [05971] shall come [0935] from the north [06828], and a great [01419] nation [01471], and many [07227] kings [04428] shall be raised up [05782] from the coasts [03411] of the earth [0776].
	King James	Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse

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A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]
(Compare Jer 6:22-24). The very language used to describe the calamities which Babylon inflicted on Zion is that here employed to describe Babylon's own calamity inflicted by the Medes. Retribution in kind. kinds--the allies and satraps of the various provinces of the Medo-Persian empire: Armenia, Hyrcania, Lydia, &c. coasts--the remote parts.

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]

(Compare Jer 6:22-24). The very language used to describe the calamities which Babylon inflicted on Zion is that here employed to describe Babylon's own calamity inflicted by the Medes. Retribution in kind.

kinds--the allies and satraps of the various provinces of the Medo-Persian empire: Armenia, Hyrcania, Lydia, &c.

coasts--the remote parts.

Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834]
An application to Babylon of the doom against Jerusalem Jer 6:22-24. Jer 50:41 The coasts of the earth - See the Jer 6:22 note.

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]
The agents who execute the judgment. - Jer 50:41. "Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the most distant sides of the earth. Jer 50:42. Bow and javelin shall they seize: they are cruel, and will not pity; their voice shall sound like the sea, and they shall ride upon horses, [each one] arrayed like a man for the battle, against thee, O daughter of Babylon. Jer 50:43. The king of Babylon hath heard the report concerning them, and his hands have fallen down: distress hath seized him, writing pain, like [that of] the woman in childbirth. Jer 50:44. Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the glory of Jordan to a habitation of rock; but in a moment will I make them run away from her, and will set over her him who is chosen: for who is like me, and who will appoint me a time [to plead my defence]? and what shepherd [is there] that will stand before me? Jer 50:45. Therefore hear ye the counsel of Jahveh which He hath taken against Babylon, and His purposes which He hath purposed against the land of the Chaldeans: Assuredly they shall drag them away, the smallest of the flock; assuredly [their] habitation shall be astonished at them. Jer 50:46. At the cry, 'Babylon is taken,' the earth is shaken, and a cry [for help] is heard among the nations. Jeremiah 51 Jer 51:1-4 "Thus saith Jahveh: Behold, I will stir up against Babylon, and against the inhabitants of [as it were] the heart of mine opponents, the spirit of a destroyer. Jer 51:2. And I will send against Babylon strangers, and they shall winnow her, and empty her land, because they are against her round about in a day of evil. Jer 51:3. Against [him who] bends let the bender bend his bow, and against [him who] lifts up himself in his coat of mail: and do not spare her young men; devote to destruction all her host, Jer 51:4. That slain ones may fall in the land of the Chaldeans, and those that are pierced through in her streets." The greater portion of this strophe consists of quotations from former utterances. Jer 51:41-43 are taken from Jer 6:22-24, and Jer 51:44-46 from Jer 49:19-21; here they are applied to Babylon. What is said in Jer 6:22-24 concerning the enemy out of the north who will devastate Judah, is here transferred to the enemy that is to destroy Babylon. For this purpose, after the words "and a great nation," are added "and many kings," in order to set forth the hostile army advancing against Babylon as one composed of many nations; and in consequence of this extension of the subject, the verb יערוּ is used in the plural, and אכזרי is changed into אכזרי המּה. Moreover, the mention of the "daughter of Babylon" instead of the "daughter of Zion" is attended by a change from the directly communicative form of address in the first person ("We have heard," etc., Jer 51:43) into the third person ("The king of Babylon hath heard," etc.). In applying the expression used in Jer 49:19-21 regarding the instrument chosen for the destruction of Edom, to the instrument selected against Babylon (Jer 51:44-46), the names "Babylon" and "and land of the Chaldeans" are substituted for "Edom" and "the inhabitants of Teman" (Jer 49:20); but beyond this, only the last verse is changed, in accordance with the change of circumstances. The thought that, in consequence of the fall of Edom, the earth trembles, and Edom's cry of anguish is heard on the Red Sea, is intensified thus: by the sound or cry, "Babylon is taken," the earth is shaken, and a cry is heard among the nations. The conquest of Babylon, the mistress of the world, puts the whole world in anxiety and fear, while the effects of Edom's fall extend only to the Red Sea. The Kethib ארוצם, Jer 51:44, seems to come from the verb רצץ, in the sense of pushing, so that it is not a mere error in transcription for אריצם. Moreover, such changes made on former utterances, when they are repeated and applied to Babylon, show that these verses are not glosses which a reader has written on the margin, and a later copyist inserted into the text, but that Jeremiah himself has applied these earlier words in his address against Babylon. The two passages are not merely quite appropriately arranged beside one another, but even present in their connection a thought which has not hitherto been met with in the address against Babylon, and which does not recur afterwards. The enemy that is to conquer Babylon is certainly pointed out, so early as v. 9, as an assemblage of great nations out of the north, but not more particularly characterized there; but the nations that are to constitute the hostile army are not further designated till Jer 51:11 and Jer 51:27. The second quotation, Jer 51:44-46, adds the new thought that the appearance of this enemy against Babylon is owing to a decree of the Lord, the execution of which no man can prevent, because there is none like Jahveh. The figurative description of the enemy as a lion coming up out of the thicket of reeds at the Jordan, frightening the herd feeding on their pasture-ground, and carrying off the weakly sheep, is appropriate both to Nebuchadnezzar's expedition against Edom, and to the invasion of Babylonia by the Medes and their allies, for the purpose of laying waste the country of the Chaldeans, smiting the inhabitants of Babylon, and conquering it. Even the expression נוה permits of being applied to Babylonia, which was protected by its canal system and the strong walls of its capital. Jer 51:1-2 In Jer 51:1-4, the terrible character of the hostile nation is further described. Against Babylon and the inhabitants of Chaldea, God stirs up the "spirit of a destroyer," viz., a savage nation that will massacre the Chaldeans without pity. לב , lit., "the heart of mine adversaries," is the word כּשׂדּים, changed, according to the canon Atbash (see on Jer 25:26), for the purpose of obtaining the important meaning that Chaldea is the centre of God's enemies. This explanation of the name involves the thought that all enmity against God the Lord culminates in Babylon; on the basis of this representation Babylon is called, Rev 17:5, "the mother of harlots and abominations of the earth." רוּח משׁחית does not mean καύσωνα διαφθείροντα (lxx), ventum pestilentem (Vulgate), "a sharp wind" (Luther), nor, as it is usually translated, "a destroying wind;" for העיר רוּח is nowhere used of the rousing of a wind, but everywhere means "to rouse the spirit of any one," to stir him up to an undertaking; cf. Hag 1:14; Ch1 5:26; Ch2 21:16, and Ch2 36:22. Jeremiah also employs it thus in Jer 51:11, and this meaning is quite suitable here also. משׁחית is a substantive, as in Jer 4:7 : "the spirit of a destroyer." The figure of winnowing, which follows in Jer 51:2, does not by any means necessarily require the meaning "wind," because the figure contained in the word זרוּה was first called forth by the employment of זרים, "strangers" = barbarians. The sending of the זרים to Babylon has no connection with the figure of the wind, and it even remains a question whether זרוּה really means here to winnow, because the word is often used of the scattering of a nation, without any reference to the figure of winnowing; cf. Lev 26:33; Eze 5:10; Eze 12:15, etc., also Jer 49:32, Jer 49:36. However, this thought is suggested by what follows, "they empty her hand," although the clause which assigns the reason, "because they are against her round about" (cf. Jer 4:17), does not correspond with this figure, but merely declares that the enemies which attack Babylon on every side disperse its inhabitants and empty the land. Jer 51:3-4 These strangers shall kill, without sparing, every warrior of Babylon, and annihilate its whole military forces. In the first half of the verse the reading is doubtful, since the Masoretes would have the second ידרד (Qeri) expunged, probably because (as Bttcher, N. Aehrenl. ii. S. 166, supposes) they considered it merely a repetition. The meaning is not thereby changed. According to the Qeri, we would require to translate, "against him who bends the bow, may there be, or come, one who bends his bow;" according to the Kethib, "against him who bends the bow, may he who bends his bow bend it." As to אל־ידרך with אשׁר omitted, cf. Ch1 15:12; Ch2 1:4, and Ewald, 333, b. יתעל בּס' stands in apposition to אל־ידרך ; יתעל is the Hithpael from עלה, and means to raise oneself: it is to be taken as the shortened form of the imperfect passive; cf. Gesenius, 128, Rem. 2. Certainly, the Hithpael of עלה occurs nowhere else, but it is quite appropriate here; so that it is unnecessary, with Hitzig, to adduce, for explanation, the Arabic tl', to stretch the head out of anything, or, with Ewald, to derive the form from the Aramaic עלל, Arabic gl, to thrust in. Neither is there any foundation for the remark, that the abbreviated form of the imperfect would be admissible only if אל were found instead of אל. Indeed, the Syriac, Targum, and Vulgate have actually read and rendered from אל, which several codices also present, "Let him not bend his bow, nor stretch himself in his coat of mail." But by this reading the first half of the verse is put in contradiction to the second; and this contradiction is not removed by the supposition of J. D. Michaelis and Hitzig, who refer these clauses to the Chaldeans, and find the thought expressed in them, that the Chaldeans, through loss of courage, cannot set themselves for defence. For, in that case, we would be obliged, with Hitzig, to explain as spurious the words that follow, "and spare ye not her young men;" but for this there is no valid reason. As to החרימוּ, cf. Jer 50:21, Jer 50:26. On Jer 51:4, cf. Jer 50:30 and Jer 49:26. The suffix in "her streets" refers to Babylon.

Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78]

The agents who execute the judgment. - Jer 50:41. "Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the most distant sides of the earth. Jer 50:42. Bow and javelin shall they seize: they are cruel, and will not pity; their voice shall sound like the sea, and they shall ride upon horses, [each one] arrayed like a man for the battle, against thee, O daughter of Babylon. Jer 50:43. The king of Babylon hath heard the report concerning them, and his hands have fallen down: distress hath seized him, writing pain, like [that of] the woman in childbirth. Jer 50:44. Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the glory of Jordan to a habitation of rock; but in a moment will I make them run away from her, and will set over her him who is chosen: for who is like me, and who will appoint me a time [to plead my defence]? and what shepherd [is there] that will stand before me? Jer 50:45. Therefore hear ye the counsel of Jahveh which He hath taken against Babylon, and His purposes which He hath purposed against the land of the Chaldeans: Assuredly they shall drag them away, the smallest of the flock; assuredly [their] habitation shall be astonished at them. Jer 50:46. At the cry, 'Babylon is taken,' the earth is shaken, and a cry [for help] is heard among the nations.

Jeremiah 51

Jer 51:1-4

"Thus saith Jahveh: Behold, I will stir up against Babylon, and against the inhabitants of [as it were] the heart of mine opponents, the spirit of a destroyer. Jer 51:2. And I will send against Babylon strangers, and they shall winnow her, and empty her land, because they are against her round about in a day of evil. Jer 51:3. Against [him who] bends let the bender bend his bow, and against [him who] lifts up himself in his coat of mail: and do not spare her young men; devote to destruction all her host, Jer 51:4. That slain ones may fall in the land of the Chaldeans, and those that are pierced through in her streets."

The greater portion of this strophe consists of quotations from former utterances. Jer 51:41-43 are taken from Jer 6:22-24, and Jer 51:44-46 from Jer 49:19-21; here they are applied to Babylon. What is said in Jer 6:22-24 concerning the enemy out of the north who will devastate Judah, is here transferred to the enemy that is to destroy Babylon. For this purpose, after the words "and a great nation," are added "and many kings," in order to set forth the hostile army advancing against Babylon as one composed of many nations; and in consequence of this extension of the subject, the verb יערוּ is used in the plural, and אכזרי is changed into אכזרי המּה. Moreover, the mention of the "daughter of Babylon" instead of the "daughter of Zion" is attended by a change from the directly communicative form of address in the first person ("We have heard," etc., Jer 51:43) into the third person ("The king of Babylon hath heard," etc.). In applying the expression used in Jer 49:19-21 regarding the instrument chosen for the destruction of Edom, to the instrument selected against Babylon (Jer 51:44-46), the names "Babylon" and "and land of the Chaldeans" are substituted for "Edom" and "the inhabitants of Teman" (Jer 49:20); but beyond this, only the last verse is changed, in accordance with the change of circumstances. The thought that, in consequence of the fall of Edom, the earth trembles, and Edom's cry of anguish is heard on the Red Sea, is intensified thus: by the sound or cry, "Babylon is taken," the earth is shaken, and a cry is heard among the nations. The conquest of Babylon, the mistress of the world, puts the whole world in anxiety and fear, while the effects of Edom's fall extend only to the Red Sea. The Kethib ארוצם, Jer 51:44, seems to come from the verb רצץ, in the sense of pushing, so that it is not a mere error in transcription for אריצם. Moreover, such changes made on former utterances, when they are repeated and applied to Babylon, show that these verses are not glosses which a reader has written on the margin, and a later copyist inserted into the text, but that Jeremiah himself has applied these earlier words in his address against Babylon. The two passages are not merely quite appropriately arranged beside one another, but even present in their connection a thought which has not hitherto been met with in the address against Babylon, and which does not recur afterwards. The enemy that is to conquer Babylon is certainly pointed out, so early as v. 9, as an assemblage of great nations out of the north, but not more particularly characterized there; but the nations that are to constitute the hostile army are not further designated till Jer 51:11 and Jer 51:27. The second quotation, Jer 51:44-46, adds the new thought that the appearance of this enemy against Babylon is owing to a decree of the Lord, the execution of which no man can prevent, because there is none like Jahveh. The figurative description of the enemy as a lion coming up out of the thicket of reeds at the Jordan, frightening the herd feeding on their pasture-ground, and carrying off the weakly sheep, is appropriate both to Nebuchadnezzar's expedition against Edom, and to the invasion of Babylonia by the Medes and their allies, for the purpose of laying waste the country of the Chaldeans, smiting the inhabitants of Babylon, and conquering it. Even the expression נוה permits of being applied to Babylonia, which was protected by its canal system and the strong walls of its capital.

Jer 51:1-2

In Jer 51:1-4, the terrible character of the hostile nation is further described. Against Babylon and the inhabitants of Chaldea, God stirs up the "spirit of a destroyer," viz., a savage nation that will massacre the Chaldeans without pity. לב , lit., "the heart of mine adversaries," is the word כּשׂדּים, changed, according to the canon Atbash (see on Jer 25:26), for the purpose of obtaining the important meaning that Chaldea is the centre of God's enemies. This explanation of the name involves the thought that all enmity against God the Lord culminates in Babylon; on the basis of this representation Babylon is called, Rev 17:5, "the mother of harlots and abominations of the earth." רוּח משׁחית does not mean καύσωνα διαφθείροντα (lxx), ventum pestilentem (Vulgate), "a sharp wind" (Luther), nor, as it is usually translated, "a destroying wind;" for העיר רוּח is nowhere used of the rousing of a wind, but everywhere means "to rouse the spirit of any one," to stir him up to an undertaking; cf. Hag 1:14; Ch1 5:26; Ch2 21:16, and Ch2 36:22. Jeremiah also employs it thus in Jer 51:11, and this meaning is quite suitable here also. משׁחית is a substantive, as in Jer 4:7 : "the spirit of a destroyer." The figure of winnowing, which follows in Jer 51:2, does not by any means necessarily require the meaning "wind," because the figure contained in the word זרוּה was first called forth by the employment of זרים, "strangers" = barbarians. The sending of the זרים to Babylon has no connection with the figure of the wind, and it even remains a question whether זרוּה really means here to winnow, because the word is often used of the scattering of a nation, without any reference to the figure of winnowing; cf. Lev 26:33; Eze 5:10; Eze 12:15, etc., also Jer 49:32, Jer 49:36. However, this thought is suggested by what follows, "they empty her hand," although the clause which assigns the reason, "because they are against her round about" (cf. Jer 4:17), does not correspond with this figure, but merely declares that the enemies which attack Babylon on every side disperse its inhabitants and empty the land.

Jer 51:3-4

These strangers shall kill, without sparing, every warrior of Babylon, and annihilate its whole military forces. In the first half of the verse the reading is doubtful, since the Masoretes would have the second ידרד (Qeri) expunged, probably because (as Bttcher, N. Aehrenl. ii. S. 166, supposes) they considered it merely a repetition. The meaning is not thereby changed. According to the Qeri, we would require to translate, "against him who bends the bow, may there be, or come, one who bends his bow;" according to the Kethib, "against him who bends the bow, may he who bends his bow bend it." As to אל־ידרך with אשׁר omitted, cf. Ch1 15:12; Ch2 1:4, and Ewald, 333, b. יתעל בּס' stands in apposition to אל־ידרך ; יתעל is the Hithpael from עלה, and means to raise oneself: it is to be taken as the shortened form of the imperfect passive; cf. Gesenius, 128, Rem. 2. Certainly, the Hithpael of עלה occurs nowhere else, but it is quite appropriate here; so that it is unnecessary, with Hitzig, to adduce, for explanation, the Arabic tl', to stretch the head out of anything, or, with Ewald, to derive the form from the Aramaic עלל, Arabic gl, to thrust in. Neither is there any foundation for the remark, that the abbreviated form of the imperfect would be admissible only if אל were found instead of אל. Indeed, the Syriac, Targum, and Vulgate have actually read and rendered from אל, which several codices also present, "Let him not bend his bow, nor stretch himself in his coat of mail." But by this reading the first half of the verse is put in contradiction to the second; and this contradiction is not removed by the supposition of J. D. Michaelis and Hitzig, who refer these clauses to the Chaldeans, and find the thought expressed in them, that the Chaldeans, through loss of courage, cannot set themselves for defence. For, in that case, we would be obliged, with Hitzig, to explain as spurious the words that follow, "and spare ye not her young men;" but for this there is no valid reason. As to החרימוּ, cf. Jer 50:21, Jer 50:26. On Jer 51:4, cf. Jer 50:30 and Jer 49:26. The suffix in "her streets" refers to Babylon.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826
Behold, a people shall come from the north - This and the two following verses are nearly the same with Jer 6:22-24. But here, destroyers against Babylon are intended; there, destroyers against Jerusalem.

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²² Thus saith [0559] the LORD [03068], Behold, a people [05971] cometh [0935] from the north [06828] country [0776], and a great [01419] nation [01471] shall be raised [05782] from the sides [03411] of the earth [0776].
²³ They shall lay hold [02388] on bow [07198] and spear [03591]; they are cruel [0394], and have no mercy [07355]; their voice [06963] roareth [01993] like the sea [03220]; and they ride [07392] upon horses [05483], set in array [06186] as men [0376] for war [04421] against thee, O daughter [01323] of Zion [06726].
²⁴ We have heard [08085] the fame [08089] thereof: our hands [03027] wax feeble [07503]: anguish [06869] hath taken hold [02388] of us, and pain [02427], as of a woman in travail [03205].

⁴¹ Behold, a people [05971] shall come [0935] from the north [06828], and a great [01419] nation [01471], and many [07227] kings [04428] shall be raised up [05782] from the coasts [03411] of the earth [0776].

²⁶ Therefore her young men [0970] shall fall [05307] in her streets [07339], and all the men [0582] of war [04421] shall be cut off [01826] in that day [03117], saith [05002] the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635].

³⁰ Therefore shall her young men [0970] fall [05307] in the streets [07339], and all her men [0582] of war [04421] shall be cut off [01826] in that day [03117], saith [05002] the LORD [03068].

⁴ Thus the slain [02491] shall fall [05307] in the land [0776] of the Chaldeans [03778], and they that are thrust through [01856] in her streets [02351].

²⁶ Come [0935] against her from the utmost border [07093], open [06605] her storehouses [03965]: cast her up [05549] as heaps [06194], and destroy her utterly [02763]: let nothing of her be left [07611].

²¹ Go up [05927] against the land [0776] of Merathaim [04850], even against it, and against the inhabitants [03427] of Pekod [06489]: waste [02717] and utterly destroy [02763] after [0310] them, saith [05002] the LORD [03068], and do [06213] according to all that I have commanded [06680] thee.

⁴ But [061] the ark [0727] of God [0430] had David [01732] brought up [05927] from Kirjathjearim [07157] to the place which David [01732] had prepared [03559] for it: for he had pitched [05186] a tent [0168] for it at Jerusalem [03389].

¹² And said [0559] unto them, Ye are the chief [07218] of the fathers [01] of the Levites [03881]: sanctify [06942] yourselves, both ye and your brethren [0251], that ye may bring up [05927] the ark [0727] of the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] unto the place that I have prepared [03559] for it.

³ Against him that bendeth [01869] let the archer [01869] bend [01869] his bow [07198], and against him that lifteth himself up [05927] in his brigandine [05630]: and spare [02550] ye not her young men [0970]; destroy ye utterly [02763] all her host [06635].
⁴ Thus the slain [02491] shall fall [05307] in the land [0776] of the Chaldeans [03778], and they that are thrust through [01856] in her streets [02351].

¹⁷ As keepers [08104] of a field [07704], are they against her round about [05439]; because she hath been rebellious [04784] against me, saith [05002] the LORD [03068].

³⁶ And upon Elam [05867] will I bring [0935] the four [0702] winds [07307] from the four [0702] quarters [07098] of heaven [08064], and will scatter [02219] them toward all those winds [07307]; and there shall be no nation [01471] whither the outcasts [05080] of Elam [05867] [05769] shall not come [0935].

³² And their camels [01581] shall be a booty [0957], and the multitude [01995] of their cattle [04735] a spoil [07998]: and I will scatter [02219] into all winds [07307] them that are in the utmost [07112] corners [06285]; and I will bring [0935] their calamity [0343] from all sides [05676] thereof, saith [05002] the LORD [03068].

¹⁵ And they shall know [03045] that I am the LORD [03068], when I shall scatter [06327] them among the nations [01471], and disperse [02219] them in the countries [0776].

¹⁰ Therefore the fathers [01] shall eat [0398] the sons [01121] in the midst [08432] of thee, and the sons [01121] shall eat [0398] their fathers [01]; and I will execute [06213] judgments [08201] in thee, and the whole remnant [07611] of thee will I scatter [02219] into all the winds [07307].

³³ And I will scatter [02219] you among the heathen [01471], and will draw out [07324] a sword [02719] after [0310] you: and your land [0776] shall be desolate [08077], and your cities [05892] waste [02723].

² And will send [07971] unto Babylon [0894] fanners [02114], that shall fan [02219] her, and shall empty [01238] her land [0776]: for in the day [03117] of trouble [07451] they shall be against her round about [05439].

⁷ The lion [0738] is come up [05927] from his thicket [05441], and the destroyer [07843] of the Gentiles [01471] is on his way [05265]; he is gone forth [03318] from his place [04725] to make [07760] thy land [0776] desolate [08047]; and thy cities [05892] shall be laid waste [05327], without an inhabitant [03427].

¹¹ Make bright [01305] the arrows [02671]; gather [04390] the shields [07982]: the LORD [03068] hath raised up [05782] the spirit [07307] of the kings [04428] of the Medes [04074]: for his device [04209] is against Babylon [0894], to destroy [07843] it; because it is the vengeance [05360] of the LORD [03068], the vengeance [05360] of his temple [01964].

²² Now in the first [0259] year [08141] of Cyrus [03566] king [04428] of Persia [06539], that the word [01697] of the LORD [03068] spoken by the mouth [06310] of Jeremiah [03414] might be accomplished [03615], the LORD [03068] stirred up [05782] the spirit [07307] of Cyrus [03566] king [04428] of Persia [06539], that he made a proclamation [05674] [06963] throughout all his kingdom [04438], and put it also in writing [04385], saying [0559],

¹⁶ Moreover the LORD [03068] stirred up [05782] against Jehoram [03088] the spirit [07307] of the Philistines [06430], and of the Arabians [06163], that were near [05921] [03027] the Ethiopians [03569]:

²⁶ And the God [0430] of Israel [03478] stirred up [05782] the spirit [07307] of Pul [06322] king [04428] of Assyria [0804], and the spirit [07307] of Tilgathpilneser [08407] king [04428] of Assyria [0804], and he carried them away [01540], even the Reubenites [07206], and the Gadites [01425], and the half [02677] tribe [07626] of Manasseh [04519], and brought [0935] them unto Halah [02477], and Habor [02249], and Hara [02024], and to the river [05104] Gozan [01470], unto this day [03117].

¹⁴ And the LORD [03068] stirred up [05782] the spirit [07307] of Zerubbabel [02216] the son [01121] of Shealtiel [07597], governor [06346] of Judah [03063], and the spirit [07307] of Joshua [03091] the son [01121] of Josedech [03087], the high [01419] priest [03548], and the spirit [07307] of all the remnant [07611] of the people [05971]; and they came [0935] and did [06213] work [04399] in the house [01004] of the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635], their God [0430],

⁵ And [2532] upon [1909] her [846] forehead [3359] was a name [3686] written [1125], MYSTERY [3466], BABYLON [897] THE GREAT [3173], THE MOTHER [3384] OF HARLOTS [4204] AND [2532] ABOMINATIONS [946] OF THE EARTH [1093].

²⁶ And all the kings [04428] of the north [06828], far [07350] and near [07138], one [0376] with another [0251], and all the kingdoms [04467] of the world [0776], which are upon the face [06440] of the earth [0127]: and the king [04428] of Sheshach [08347] shall drink [08354] after [0310] them.

¹ Thus saith [0559] the LORD [03068]; Behold, I will raise up [05782] against Babylon [0894], and against them that dwell [03427] in the midst [03820] of them that rise up [06965] against me, a destroying [07843] wind [07307];
² And will send [07971] unto Babylon [0894] fanners [02114], that shall fan [02219] her, and shall empty [01238] her land [0776]: for in the day [03117] of trouble [07451] they shall be against her round about [05439].
³ Against him that bendeth [01869] let the archer [01869] bend [01869] his bow [07198], and against him that lifteth himself up [05927] in his brigandine [05630]: and spare [02550] ye not her young men [0970]; destroy ye utterly [02763] all her host [06635].
⁴ Thus the slain [02491] shall fall [05307] in the land [0776] of the Chaldeans [03778], and they that are thrust through [01856] in her streets [02351].

⁴⁴ And I will punish [06485] Bel [01078] in Babylon [0894], and I will bring forth [03318] out of his mouth [06310] that which he hath swallowed up [01105]: and the nations [01471] shall not flow together [05102] any more unto him: yea, the wall [02346] of Babylon [0894] shall fall [05307].
⁴⁵ My people [05971], go ye out [03318] of the midst [08432] of her, and deliver [04422] ye every man [0376] his soul [05315] from the fierce [02740] anger [0639] of the LORD [03068].
⁴⁶ And lest your heart [03824] faint [07401], and ye fear [03372] for the rumour [08052] that shall be heard [08085] in the land [0776]; a rumour [08052] shall both come [0935] one year [08141], and after [0310] that in another year [08141] shall come a rumour [08052], and violence [02555] in the land [0776], ruler [04910] against ruler [04910].

²⁷ Set ye up [05375] a standard [05251] in the land [0776], blow [08628] the trumpet [07782] among the nations [01471], prepare [06942] the nations [01471] against her, call together [08085] against her the kingdoms [04467] of Ararat [0780], Minni [04508], and Ashchenaz [0813]; appoint [06485] a captain [02951] against her; cause the horses [05483] to come up [05927] as the rough [05569] caterpillers [03218].

²⁰ Therefore hear [08085] the counsel [06098] of the LORD [03068], that he hath taken [03289] against Edom [0123]; and his purposes [04284], that he hath purposed [02803] against the inhabitants [03427] of Teman [08487]: Surely the least [06810] of the flock [06629] shall draw them out [05498]: surely he shall make their habitations [05116] desolate [08074] with them.

¹⁹ Behold, he shall come up [05927] like a lion [0738] from the swelling [01347] of Jordan [03383] against the habitation [05116] of the strong [0386]: but I will suddenly [07280] make him run away [07323] from her: and who is a chosen [0977] man, that I may appoint [06485] over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time [03259]? and who is that shepherd [07462] that will stand [05975] before [06440] me?
²⁰ Therefore hear [08085] the counsel [06098] of the LORD [03068], that he hath taken [03289] against Edom [0123]; and his purposes [04284], that he hath purposed [02803] against the inhabitants [03427] of Teman [08487]: Surely the least [06810] of the flock [06629] shall draw them out [05498]: surely he shall make their habitations [05116] desolate [08074] with them.
²¹ The earth [0776] is moved [07493] at the noise [06963] of their fall [05307], at the cry [06818] the noise [06963] thereof was heard [08085] in the Red [05488] sea [03220].

⁴³ Her cities [05892] are a desolation [08047], a dry [06723] land [0776], and a wilderness [06160], a land [0776] wherein no man [0376] dwelleth [03427], neither doth any son [01121] of man [0120] pass [05674] thereby [02004].

⁴¹ How is Sheshach [08347] taken [03920] ! and how is the praise [08416] of the whole earth [0776] surprised [08610] ! how is Babylon [0894] become an astonishment [08047] among the nations [01471]!
⁴² The sea [03220] is come up [05927] upon Babylon [0894]: she is covered [03680] with the multitude [01995] of the waves [01530] thereof.
⁴³ Her cities [05892] are a desolation [08047], a dry [06723] land [0776], and a wilderness [06160], a land [0776] wherein no man [0376] dwelleth [03427], neither doth any son [01121] of man [0120] pass [05674] thereby [02004].

⁴ Thus the slain [02491] shall fall [05307] in the land [0776] of the Chaldeans [03778], and they that are thrust through [01856] in her streets [02351].

⁴⁶ At the noise [06963] of the taking [08610] of Babylon [0894] the earth [0776] is moved [07493], and the cry [02201] is heard [08085] among the nations [01471].

⁴⁵ Therefore hear [08085] ye the counsel [06098] of the LORD [03068], that he hath taken [03289] against Babylon [0894]; and his purposes [04284], that he hath purposed [02803] against the land [0776] of the Chaldeans [03778]: Surely the least [06810] of the flock [06629] shall draw them out [05498]: surely he shall make their habitation [05116] desolate [08074] with them.

⁴⁴ Behold, he shall come up [05927] like a lion [0738] from the swelling [01347] of Jordan [03383] unto the habitation [05116] of the strong [0386]: but I will make [07323] them suddenly [07280] run away [07323] [07323] from her: and who is a chosen [0977] man, that I may appoint [06485] over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time [03259]? and who is that shepherd [07462] that will stand [05975] before [06440] me?

⁴³ The king [04428] of Babylon [0894] hath heard [08085] the report [08088] of them, and his hands [03027] waxed feeble [07503]: anguish [06869] took hold [02388] of him, and pangs [02427] as of a woman in travail [03205].

⁴² They shall hold [02388] the bow [07198] and the lance [03591]: they are cruel [0394], and will not shew mercy [07355]: their voice [06963] shall roar [01993] like the sea [03220], and they shall ride [07392] upon horses [05483], every one put in array [06186], like a man [0376] to the battle [04421], against thee, O daughter [01323] of Babylon [0894].