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Selected Verse: Judges 19:15 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
Jud 19:15 |
Strong Concordance |
And they turned aside [05493] thither, to go in [0935] and to lodge [03885] in Gibeah [01390]: and when he went in [0935], he sat him down [03427] in a street [07339] of the city [05892]: for there was no man [0376] that took [0622] them into his house [01004] to lodging [03885]. |
|
King James |
And they turned aside thither, to go in and to lodge in Gibeah: and when he went in, he sat him down in a street of the city: for there was no man that took them into his house to lodging. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
when he went in, he sat him down in a street of the city--The towns of Palestine at this remote period could not, it seems, furnish any establishment in the shape of an inn or public lodging-house. Hence we conclude that the custom, which is still frequently witnessed in the cities of the East, was then not uncommon, for travellers who were late in arriving and who had no introduction to a private family, to spread their bedding in the streets, or wrapping themselves up in their cloaks, pass the night in the open air. In the Arab towns and villages, however, the sheik, or some other person, usually comes out and urgently invites the strangers to his house. This was done also in ancient Palestine (Gen 18:4; Gen 19:2). That the same hospitality was not shown in Gibeah seems to have been owing to the bad character of the people. |
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
A street - Probably the square or place within the gates, where courts were held, bargains made, and where the chief men and strangers congregated. |
Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
And they turned aside thither to pass the night in Gibeah; and he (the Levite) remained in the market-place of the town, as no one received them into his house to pass the night.
Jdg 19:16-19
Behold, there came an old man from the field, who was of the mountains of Ephraim, and dwelt as a stranger in Gibeah, the inhabitants of which were Benjaminites (as is observed here, as a preliminary introduction to the account which follows). When he saw the traveller in the market-place of the town, he asked him whither he was going and whence he came; and when he had heard the particulars concerning his descent and his journey, he received him into his house. ואת־בּית י הלך אני (Jdg 19:18), "and I walk at the house of Jehovah, and no one receives me into his house" (Seb. Schm., etc.); not "I am going to the house of Jehovah" (Ros., Berth., etc.), for את הלך does not signify to go to a place, for which the simple accusative is used either with or without ה local. It either means "to go through a place" (Deu 1:19, etc.), or "to go with a person," or, when applied to things, "to go about with anything" (see Job 31:5, and Ges. Thes. p. 378). Moreover, in this instance the Levite was not going to the house of Jehovah (i.e., the tabernacle), but, as he expressly told the old man, from Bethlehem to the outermost sides of the mountains of Ephraim. The words in question explain the reason why he was staying in the market-place. Because he served at the house of Jehovah, no one in Gibeah would receive him into his house,
(Note: As Seb. Schmidt correctly observes, "the argument is taken from the indignity shown him: the Lord thinks me worthy to minister to Him, as a Levite, in His house, and there is not one of the people of the Lord who thinks me worthy to receive his hospitality.")
although, as he adds in Jdg 19:19, he had everything with him that was requisite for his wants. "We have both straw and fodder for our asses, and bread and wine for me and thy maid, and for the young man with thy servants. No want of anything at all," so as to cause him to be burdensome to his host. By the words "thy maid" and "thy servants" he means himself and his concubine, describing himself and his wife, according to the obsequious style of the East in olden times, as servants of the man from whom he was expecting a welcome.
Jdg 19:20
The old man replied, "Peace to thee," assuring him of a welcome by this style of greeting; "only all thy wants upon me," i.e., let me provide for them. Thus the friendly host declined the offer made by his guest to provide for himself. "Only do not pass the night in the market-place."
Jdg 19:21
He then took him into his house, mixed fodder for his asses (יבול from בּלל, a denom. verb from בּליל, to make a mixture, to give fodder to the beasts), and waited upon his guest with washing of feet, food, and drink (see Gen 18:4., Jdg 19:2).
Jdg 19:22
Whilst they were enjoying themselves, some worthless men of the city surrounded the house, knocking continuously at the door (התדּפּק, a form indicative of gradual increase), and demanding of the master of the house that he would bring out the man who had entered his house, that they might know him,-the very same demand that the Sodomites had made of Lot (Gen 19:6.). The construct state בני־בליּעל אנשׁי is used instead of בּני־בל אנשׁים (Deu 13:14, etc.), because בליעל בני is regarded as one idea: people of worthless fellows. Other cases of the same kind are given by Ewald, Lehrb. 289, c.
Jdg 19:23-24
The old man sought, as Lot had done, to defend his guests from such a shameful crime by appealing to the sacred rights of hospitality, and by giving up his own virgin daughter and the concubine of his guest (see the remarks on Gen 19:7-8). נבלה, folly, used to denote shameful licentiousness and whoredom, as in Gen 34:7 and Deu 22:21. אותם ענּוּ, "humble them." The masculine is used in אותם and להם as the more general gender, instead of the more definite feminine, as in Gen 39:9; Exo 1:21, etc.
Jdg 19:25
But as the people would not listen to this proposal, the man (no doubt the master of the house, according to Jdg 19:24) took his (the guest's) concubine (of course with the consent of his guest) and led her out to them, and they abused her the whole night. It is not stated how it was that they were satisfied with this; probably because they felt too weak to enforce their demand. בּ התעלּל, to exercise his power or wantonness upon a person (see Exo 10:2).
Jdg 19:26
When the morning drew on (i.e., at the first dawn of day), the woman fell down before the door of the house in which אדוניה, "her lord," i.e., her husband, was, and lay there till it was light, i.e., till sunrise.
Jdg 19:27-28
There her husband found her, when he opened the house-door to go his way (having given up all thought of receiving her back again from the barbarous crowd), "lying before the house-door, and her hands upon the threshold" (i.e., with outstretched arms), and giving no answer to his word, having died, that is to say, in consequence of the ill-treatment of the night. He then took the corpse upon his ass to carry it to his place, i.e., to his home.
Jdg 19:29-30
As soon as he arrived there, he cut up the body, according to its bones (as they cut slaughtered animals in pieces: see at Lev 1:6), into twelve pieces, and sent them (the corpse in its pieces) into the whole of the territory of Israel, i.e., to all the twelve tribes, in the hope that every one who saw it would say: No such thing has happened or been seen since the coming up of Israel out of Egypt until this day. Give ye heed to it (שׁימוּ for לב שׂימוּ); make up your minds and say on, i.e., decide how this unparalleled wickedness is to be punished. Sending the dissected pieces of the corpse to the tribes was a symbolical act, by which the crime committed upon the murdered woman was placed before the eyes of the whole nation, to summon it to punish the crime, and was naturally associated with a verbal explanation of the matter by the bearer of the pieces. See the analogous proceeding on the part of Saul (Sa1 11:7), and the Scythian custom related by Lucian in Toxaris, c. 48, that whoever was unable to procure satisfaction for an injury that he had received, cut an ox in pieces and sent it round, whereupon all who were willing to help him to obtain redress took a piece, and swore that they would stand by him to the utmost of their strength. The perfects ואמר - והיה (Jdg 19:30) are not used for the imperfects c. vav consec. ויּאמר - ויהי, as Hitzig supposes, but as simple perfects (perfecta conseq.), expressing the result which the Levite expected from his conduct; and we have simply to supply לאמר before והיה, which is often omitted in lively narrative or animated conversation (compare, for example, Exo 8:5 with Jdg 7:2). The perfects are used by the historian instead of imperfects with a simple vav, which are commonly employed in clauses indicating intention, "because what he foresaw would certainly take place, floated before his mind as a thing already done" (Rosenmller). The moral indignation, which the Levite expected on the part of all the tribes at such a crime as this, and their resolution to avenge it, are thereby exhibited not merely as an uncertain conjecture, but a fact that was sure to occur, and concerning which, as Judg 20 clearly shows, he had not deceived himself. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
To lodge - Though they were soft and effeminate in other respects, yet they were hard - hearted to strangers, and at that time there were no public - houses in that country. |
Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
No man - took them into his house to lodging - There was probably no inn or house of public entertainment in this place, and therefore they could not have a lodging unless furnished by mere hospitality. To say that there were no inns in those primitive times, is not true; there were such places, though not very frequent. Joseph's brethren found their money in their sacks when they loosed them at an inn, Gen 42:27. The house of Rahab was an inn, Jos 2:1. And the woman whose house Samson frequented at Gaza was a hostess, or one who kept a place of public entertainment. |
2 And he said [0559], Behold now, my lords [0113], turn in [05493], I pray you, into your servant's [05650] house [01004], and tarry all night [03885], and wash [07364] your feet [07272], and ye shall rise up early [07925], and go [01980] on your ways [01870]. And they said [0559], Nay; but we will abide [03885] in the street [07339] all night [03885].
4 Let a little [04592] water [04325], I pray you [04994], be fetched [03947], and wash [07364] your feet [07272], and rest yourselves [08172] under the tree [06086]:
2 And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto Gideon [01439], The people [05971] that are with thee are too many [07227] for me to give [05414] the Midianites [04080] into their hands [03027], lest Israel [03478] vaunt [06286] themselves against me, saying [0559], Mine own hand [03027] hath saved [03467] me.
5 And the LORD [03068] spake [0559] unto Moses [04872], Say [0559] unto Aaron [0175], Stretch forth [05186] thine hand [03027] with thy rod [04294] over the streams [05104], over the rivers [02975], and over the ponds [098], and cause frogs [06854] to come up [05927] upon the land [0776] of Egypt [04714].
30 And it was so [01961], that all that saw [07200] it said [0559], There was no such deed [02063] done nor seen [07200] from the day [03117] that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] came up [05927] out of the land [0776] of Egypt [04714] unto this day [03117]: consider [07760] of it, take advice [05779], and speak [01696] your minds.
7 And he took [03947] a yoke [06776] of oxen [01241], and hewed them in pieces [05408], and sent [07971] them throughout all the coasts [01366] of Israel [03478] by the hands [03027] of messengers [04397], saying [0559], Whosoever cometh not forth [03318] after [0310] Saul [07586] and after [0310] Samuel [08050], so shall it be done [06213] unto his oxen [01241]. And the fear [06343] of the LORD [03068] fell [05307] on the people [05971], and they came out [03318] with one [0259] consent [0376].
6 And he shall flay [06584] the burnt offering [05930], and cut [05408] it into his pieces [05409].
29 And when he was come [0935] into his house [01004], he took [03947] a knife [03979], and laid hold [02388] on his concubine [06370], and divided [05408] her, together with her bones [06106], into twelve [08147] [06240] pieces [05409], and sent [07971] her into all the coasts [01366] of Israel [03478].
30 And it was so [01961], that all that saw [07200] it said [0559], There was no such deed [02063] done nor seen [07200] from the day [03117] that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] came up [05927] out of the land [0776] of Egypt [04714] unto this day [03117]: consider [07760] of it, take advice [05779], and speak [01696] your minds.
27 And her lord [0113] rose up [06965] in the morning [01242], and opened [06605] the doors [01817] of the house [01004], and went out [03318] to go [03212] his way [01870]: and, behold, the woman [0802] his concubine [06370] was fallen down [05307] at the door [06607] of the house [01004], and her hands [03027] were upon the threshold [05592].
28 And he said [0559] unto her, Up [06965], and let us be going [03212]. But none answered [06030]. Then the man [0376] took [03947] her up upon an ass [02543], and the man [0376] rose up [06965], and gat [03212] him unto his place [04725].
26 Then came [0935] the woman [0802] in the dawning [06437] of the day [01242], and fell down [05307] at the door [06607] of the man's [0376] house [01004] where her lord [0113] was, till it was light [0216].
2 And that thou mayest tell [05608] in the ears [0241] of thy son [01121], and of thy son's [01121] son [01121], what things I have wrought [05953] in Egypt [04714], and my signs [0226] which I have done [07760] among them; that ye may know [03045] how that I am the LORD [03068].
24 Behold, here is my daughter [01323] a maiden [01330], and his concubine [06370]; them I will bring out [03318] now, and humble [06031] ye them, and do [06213] with them what seemeth [05869] good [02896] unto you: but unto this man [0376] do [06213] not so [02063] vile [05039] a thing [01697].
25 But the men [0582] would [014] not hearken [08085] to him: so the man [0376] took [02388] his concubine [06370], and brought [03318] her forth [02351] unto them; and they knew [03045] her, and abused [05953] her all the night [03915] until the morning [01242]: and when the day [07837] began to spring [05927], they let her go [07971].
21 And it came to pass, because the midwives [03205] feared [03372] God [0430], that he made [06213] them houses [01004].
9 There is none greater [01419] in this house [01004] than I; neither [03808] hath he kept back [02820] any thing [03972] from me but thee, because [0834] thou [0859] art his wife [0802]: how then can I do [06213] this great [01419] wickedness [07451], and sin [02398] against God [0430]?
21 Then they shall bring out [03318] the damsel [05291] to the door [06607] of her father's [01] house [01004], and the men [0582] of her city [05892] shall stone [05619] her with stones [068] that she die [04191]: because she hath wrought [06213] folly [05039] in Israel [03478], to play the whore [02181] in her father's [01] house [01004]: so shalt thou put [01197] evil [07451] away [01197] from among [07130] you.
7 And the sons [01121] of Jacob [03290] came [0935] out of the field [07704] when they heard [08085] it: and the men [0582] were grieved [06087], and they were very [03966] wroth [02734], because he had wrought [06213] folly [05039] in Israel [03478] in lying [07901] with Jacob's [03290] daughter [01323]; which thing ought not to be done [06213].
7 And said [0559], I pray you, brethren [0251], do not so wickedly [07489].
8 Behold now, I have two [08147] daughters [01323] which have not known [03045] man [0376]; let me, I pray you, bring them out [03318] unto you, and do [06213] ye to them as is good [02896] in your eyes [05869]: only unto these [0411] men [0582] do [06213] nothing [0408] [01697]; for therefore came [0935] they under the shadow [06738] of my roof [06982].
23 And the man [0376], the master [01167] of the house [01004], went out [03318] unto them, and said [0559] unto them, Nay [0408], my brethren [0251], nay, I pray you, do not so wickedly [07489]; seeing [0310] that this man [0376] is come [0935] into mine house [01004], do [06213] not this folly [05039].
24 Behold, here is my daughter [01323] a maiden [01330], and his concubine [06370]; them I will bring out [03318] now, and humble [06031] ye them, and do [06213] with them what seemeth [05869] good [02896] unto you: but unto this man [0376] do [06213] not so [02063] vile [05039] a thing [01697].
14 Then shalt thou enquire [01875], and make search [02713], and ask [07592] diligently [03190]; and, behold, if it be truth [0571], and the thing [01697] certain [03559], that such [02063] abomination [08441] is wrought [06213] among [07130] you;
6 And Lot [03876] went out [03318] at the door [06607] unto them, and shut [05462] the door [01817] after him [0310],
22 Now as they were making their hearts [03820] merry [03190], behold, the men [0582] of the city [05892], certain [0582] sons [01121] of Belial [01100], beset [05437] the house [01004] round about [05437], and beat [01849] at the door [01817], and spake [0559] to the master [01167] of the house [01004], the old [02205] man [0376], saying [0559], Bring forth [03318] the man [0376] that came [0935] into thine house [01004], that we may know [03045] him.
2 And his concubine [06370] played the whore [02181] against him, and went away [03212] from him unto her father's [01] house [01004] to Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063], and was there four [0702] whole months [02320] [03117].
4 Let a little [04592] water [04325], I pray you [04994], be fetched [03947], and wash [07364] your feet [07272], and rest yourselves [08172] under the tree [06086]:
21 So he brought [0935] him into his house [01004], and gave provender [01101] unto the asses [02543]: and they washed [07364] their feet [07272], and did eat [0398] and drink [08354].
20 And the old [02205] man [0376] said [0559], Peace [07965] be with thee; howsoever [07535] let all thy wants [04270] lie upon me; only lodge [03885] not in the street [07339].
19 Yet there is [03426] both straw [08401] and provender [04554] for our asses [02543]; and there is bread [03899] and wine [03196] also for me, and for thy handmaid [0519], and for the young man [05288] which is with thy servants [05650]: there is no want [04270] of any thing [01697].
5 If I have walked [01980] with vanity [07723], or if my foot [07272] hath hasted [02363] to deceit [04820];
19 And when we departed [05265] from Horeb [02722], we went through [03212] all that great [01419] and terrible [03372] wilderness [04057], which ye saw [07200] by the way [01870] of the mountain [02022] of the Amorites [0567], as the LORD [03068] our God [0430] commanded [06680] us; and we came [0935] to Kadeshbarnea [06947].
18 And he said [0559] unto him, We are passing [05674] from Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063] toward the side [03411] of mount [02022] Ephraim [0669]; from thence am I: and I went [03212] to Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063], but I am now going [01980] to the house [01004] of the LORD [03068]; and there is no man [0376] that receiveth [0622] me to house [01004].
16 And, behold, there came [0935] an old [02205] man [0376] from his work [04639] out of the field [07704] at even [06153], which was also [0376] of mount [02022] Ephraim [0669]; and he sojourned [01481] in Gibeah [01390]: but the men [0582] of the place [04725] were Benjamites [01145].
17 And when he had lifted up [05375] his eyes [05869], he saw [07200] a wayfaring [0732] man [0376] in the street [07339] of the city [05892]: and the old [02205] man [0376] said [0559], Whither goest [03212] thou? and whence [0370] comest [0935] thou?
18 And he said [0559] unto him, We are passing [05674] from Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063] toward the side [03411] of mount [02022] Ephraim [0669]; from thence am I: and I went [03212] to Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063], but I am now going [01980] to the house [01004] of the LORD [03068]; and there is no man [0376] that receiveth [0622] me to house [01004].
19 Yet there is [03426] both straw [08401] and provender [04554] for our asses [02543]; and there is bread [03899] and wine [03196] also for me, and for thy handmaid [0519], and for the young man [05288] which is with thy servants [05650]: there is no want [04270] of any thing [01697].
1 And Joshua [03091] the son [01121] of Nun [05126] sent [07971] out of Shittim [07851] two [08147] men [0582] to spy [07270] secretly [02791], saying [0559], Go [03212] view [07200] the land [0776], even Jericho [03405]. And they went [03212], and came [0935] into an harlot's [02181] house [0802] [01004], named [08034] Rahab [07343], and lodged [07901] there.
27 And as one [0259] of them opened [06605] his sack [08242] to give [05414] his ass [02543] provender [04554] in the inn [04411], he espied [07200] his money [03701]; for, behold, it was in his sack's [0572] mouth [06310].