Click
here to show/hide instructions.
Instructions on how to use the page:
The commentary for the selected verse is is displayed below.
All commentary was produced against the King James, so the same verse from that translation may appear as well. Hovering your mouse over a commentary's scripture reference attempts to show those verses.
Use the browser's back button to return to the previous page.
Or you can also select a feature from the Just Verses menu appearing at the top of the page.
Selected Verse: Joshua 8:30 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
Jos 8:30 |
Strong Concordance |
Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858], |
|
King James |
Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal, |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
JOSHUA BUILDS AN ALTAR. (Jos 8:30-31)
Then Joshua built an altar unto the Lord God of Israel in mount Ebal--(See on Deu 27:11). This spot was little short of twenty miles from Ai. The march through a hostile country and the unmolested performance of the religious ceremonial observed at this mountain, would be greatly facilitated, through the blessing of God, by the disastrous fall of Ai. The solemn duty was to be attended to at the first convenient opportunity after the entrance into Canaan (Deu 27:2); and with this in view Joshua seems to have conducted the people through the mountainous region that intervened though no details of the journey have been recorded. Ebal was on the north, opposite to Gerizim, which was on the south side of the town Sichem (Nablous). |
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
The account of this solemnity is very brief. An acquaintance with Deut. 27 is evidently presupposed; and the three several acts of which the solemnity consisted are only so far distinctly named as is necessary to show that the commands of Moses there given were fully carried out by Joshua.
It is difficult to escape the conviction that these verses are here out of their proper and original place. The connection between Jos 8:29, and Jos 9:1, is natural and obvious; and in Jos 9:3, the fraud of the Gibeonites is represented as growing out of the alarm caused by the fall of Jericho and Ai. It is, moreover, extremely unlikely that a solemnity of this nature in the very center of the country should be undertaken by Joshua while the whole surrounding district was in the hands of the enemy; or that, if undertaken, it would have been carried out unmolested. "And the strangers that were conversant among them" Jos 8:35, were present at it. The distance fromm Gilgal in the Jordan valley to Mount Ebal is fully 30 miles, unless - as is unlikely - another Gilgal (Deu 11:29 note) be meant; and so vast a host, with its non-effective followers Jos 8:35, could certainly not have accomplished a march like this through a difficult country and a hostile population in less than three days. Moreover in Jos 9:6; Jos 10:6, Jos 10:15, Jos 10:43, the Israelites are spoken of as still encamping at Gilgal.
It is on the whole likely that, for these and other reasons, this passage does not, in our present Bible, stand in its proper context; and it has been conjectured that the place from which these six verses have been transferred is the end of Josh. 11: The "then" with which Jos 8:30 opens in our present text may well have served to introduce the account of the solemnity on Gerizim and Ebal at the end of the record of Joshua's victories, to which indeed it forms a suitable climax.
Jos 8:32
See the note marginal reference.
Jos 8:34
All the words of the law - See Deu 31:11 ff It would seem that Joshua, on the present occasion, must have read at least all the legislative portion of the Pentateuch before the people (compare on Deu 27:3). The terms of this verse cannot be satisfactorily explained as importing only the blessings and curses of Deut. 27-28. |
Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
Blessings and Curses upon Gerizim and Ebal. - After the capture of Ai, Israel had gained so firm a footing in Canaan that Joshua was able to carry out the instructions of Moses in Deut 27, that, after crossing the Jordan, he was to build an altar upon Mount Ebal for the setting up the covenant. The fulfilment of these instructions, according to the meaning of this solemn act, as a symbolical setting up of the law of the Lord to be the invariable rule of life to the people of Israel in the land of Canaan (see at Deut 27), was not only a practical expression of thanksgiving on the part of the covenant nation for its entrance into this land through the almighty assistance of its God, but also a practical acknowledgement, that in the overthrow of the Canaanites thus far it had received a strong pledge of the conquest of the foes that still remained and the capture of the whole of the promised land, provided only it persevered in covenant faithfulness towards the Lord its God. The account of this transaction is attached, it is true, to the conquest of Ai by the introduction, "Then Joshua built," etc. (Jos 8:30); but simply as an occurrence which had no logical connection with the conquest of Canaan and the defeat of its kings. The particle אז (sequ. imperf.) is used, for example, in cases where the historian either wishes to introduce contemporaneous facts, that do not carry forward the main course of the history, or loses sight for the time of the strictly historical sequence and simply takes note of the occurrence of some particular event (vid., Ewald, 136, b.). The assertion of modern critics, which Knobel repeats, that this account is out of place in the series of events as contained in Josh 6-12, is so far correct, that the promulgation of the law and the renewal of the covenant upon Ebal form no integral part of the account of the conquest of Canaan; but it by no means proves that this section has been interpolated by the Jehovist from his first document, or by the last editor of this book from some other source, and that what is related here did not take place at the time referred to. The circumstance that, according to Josh 6-8:29, Joshua had only effected the conquest of Jericho in the south of the land from Gilgal as a base, and that even in Josh 9-10 he was still engaged in the south, by no means involves the impossibility or even the improbability of a march to Shechem, which was situated further north, where he had not yet beaten the Canaanites, and had not effected any conquests. The distance from Ai to Shechem between Gerizim and Ebal is about thirty miles in a straight line. Robinson made the journey from Bireh (Beeroth) to Sichem on mules in eleven and a half hours, and that not by the most direct route (Pal. iii. pp. 81-2), and Ai was not more than an hour to the south of Beeroth; so that Joshua could have gone with the people from Ai to Gerizim and Ebal in two days without any excessive exertion. Now, even if the conquests of the Israelites had not extended further north than Ai at that time, there was no reason why Joshua should be deterred from advancing further into the land by any fear of attack from the Canaanites, as the people of war who went with him would be able to repulse any hostile attack; and after the news had spread of the fate of Ai and Jericho, no Canaanitish king would be likely to venture upon a conflict with the Israelites alone. Moreover, Shechem had no king, as we may gather from the list of the thirty-one kings who were defeated by Joshua. To the further remark of Knobel, that "there was no reason for their hurrying with this ceremony, and it might have been carried out at a later period in undisturbed security," we simply reply, that obedience to the command of God was not a matter of such indifference to the servant of the Lord as Knobel imagines. There was no valid reason after the capture of Ai for postponing any longer the solemn ceremony of setting up the law of Jehovah which had been enjoined by Moses; and if we consider the reason for this solemnity, to which we have already referred, there can be no doubt that Joshua would proceed without the least delay to set up the law of the Lord in Canaan as early as possible, even before the subjugation of the whole land, that he might thereby secure the help of God for further conflicts and enterprises.
The account of this religious solemnity is given very briefly. It presupposes an acquaintance with the Mosaic instructions in Deut 27, and merely gives the leading points, to show that those instructions were carefully carried out by Joshua. Of the three distinct acts of which the ceremony consisted, in the book of Deuteronomy the setting up of the stones with the law written upon them is mentioned first (Deu 27:2-4), and then (Jos 8:5-7) the building of the altar and the offering of sacrifice. Here, on the contrary, the building of the altar and offering of sacrifice are mentioned first (Jos 8:30, Jos 8:31), and then (Jos 8:32) the writing of the law upon the stones; which was probably the order actually observed. - In Jos 8:30 Jehovah is called "the God of Israel," to show that henceforth no other god was to be worshipped in Canaan than the God of Israel. On Mount Ebal, see at Deu 11:29 and Deu 27:4.
Jos 8:31-33
"As Moses commanded:" namely, Deu 27:5. "As it is written in the book of the law of Moses:" viz., in Exo 20:22 (25). On the presentation of burnt-offerings and slain-offerings, see at Deu 27:6-7. - In Jos 8:32 nothing is mentioned but the writing of the law upon the stones; all the rest is presupposed from Deu 27:2., to which the expression "the stones" refers. "Copy of the law:" as in Deu 17:18; see the explanation at Deu 27:3. In connection with the third part of the ceremony the promulgation of the law with the blessing and cursing, the account of the Mosaic instructions given in Deu 27:11. is completed in Jos 8:33 by the statement that "all Israel, and their elders (i.e., with their elders), and shoterim, and judges," stood on both sides of the ark before the Levitical priests, the stranger as well as the native, i.e., without any exception, one half (i.e., six tribes) towards Mount Ebal, and the other half towards Mount Gerizim. For further remarks, see at Deu 27:11. "As Moses commanded to bless the people before:" i.e., as he had previously commanded. The fact that the thought itself does not suit the context is quite sufficient to show that the explanation given by many commentators, viz., that they were to commence with the blessings, is incorrect. But if, on the other hand, we connect the word "before" with the principal verb of the sentence, "commanded," the meaning will be that Moses did not give the command to proclaim the blessings and cursings to the people for the first time in connection with these instructions (Deut 27), but had done so before, at the very outset, namely, as early as Deu 11:29.
Jos 8:34-35
"And afterwards (after the people had taken the place assigned them) he read to them all the words of the law," i.e., he had the law proclaimed aloud by the persons entrusted with the proclamation of the law, viz., the Levitical priests. קרא, lit. to call out of proclaim, then in a derivative sense to read, inasmuch as reading aloud is proclaiming (as, for example, in Exo 24:7). The words "the blessing and the curse" are in apposition to "all the words of the law," which they serve to define, and are not to be understood as relating to the blessings in Deu 28:1-14, and the curses in Deu 27:15-26 and 28:15-68. The whole law is called "the blessing and the curse" with special reference to its contents, inasmuch as the fulfilment of it brings eo ipso a blessing, and the transgression of it eo ipso a curse. In the same manner, in Deu 11:26, Moses describes the exposition of the whole law in the steppes of Moab as setting before them blessing and cursing. In Jos 8:35 it is most distinctly stated that Joshua had the whole law read to the people; whilst the expression "all Israel," in v. 33, is more fully explained as signifying not merely the congregation in its representatives, or even the men of the nation, but "all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were in the midst of it."
Nothing is said about the march of Joshua and all Israel to Gerizim and Ebal. All that we know is, that he not only took with him the people of war and the elders or heads of tribes, but all the people. It follows from this, however, that the whole of the people must have left and completely vacated the camp at Gilgal in the valley of the Jordan. For if all Israel went to the mountains of Gerizim and Ebal, which were situated in the midst of the land, taking even the women and children with them, it is not likely that they left their cattle and other possessions behind them in Gilgal, exposed to the danger of being plundered in the meantime by the Canaanites of the southern mountains. So again we are not informed in what follows (Jos 9:1) in which direction Joshua and the people went after these solemnities at Ebal and Gerizim were over. It is certainly not stated that he went back to Gilgal in the Jordan valley, and pitched his tent again on the old site. No doubt we find Gilgal still mentioned as the encampment of Israel, not only in Jos 9:6; Jos 10:6, Jos 10:9, Jos 10:15, Jos 10:43, but even after the defeat and subjugation of the Canaanites in the south and north, when a commencement was made to distribute the land (Jos 14:6). But when it is asked whether this Gilgal was the place of encampment on the east of Jericho, which received its name from the circumcision of the whole nation which took place there, or the town of Gilgal by the side of the terebinths of Moreh, which is mentioned in Deu 11:30, and by which Moses defines the situation of Gerizim and Ebal, this question cannot be answered unhesitatingly according to the traditional view, viz., in favour of the encampment in the Jordan valley. For when not only the army, but all the people with their wives and children, had once proceeded from the Jordan valley to the mountains of Gerizim and Ebal, we cannot imagine any reason why Joshua should go back again to the plain of Jericho, that is to say, to the extreme corner of Canaan on the east, for the purpose of making that the base of his operations for the conquest and extermination of the Canaanites. And there is just as much improbability in the assumption, that after Joshua had not only defeated the kings of southern Canaan, who had allied themselves with Adonizedek of Jerusalem in the battle fought at Gibeon (Josh 10), but had also overthrown the kings of northern Canaan, who were allied with Jabin of Hazor at the waters of Merom above the Sea of Galilee (Josh 11), he should return again to Gilgal in the Jordan valley, and there quietly encamp with all the people, and commence the distribution of the land. The only thing that could bring us to assent to such extremely improbable assumptions, would be the fact that there was no other Gilgal in all Canaan than the encampment to the east of Jericho, which received the name of Gilgal for the first time from the Israelites themselves. But as the other Gilgal by the side of the terebinths of Moreh-i.e., the present Jiljilia, which stands upon an eminence on the south-west of Shiloh at about the same distance from Jerusalem as from Sichem-was a well-known place even in Moses' days (Deu 11:30), and from its situation on a lofty ridge, from which you can see the great lowlands and the sea towards the west, the mountains of Gilead towards the east, and far away in the north-east even Hermon itself (Rob. Pal. iii. p. 81), was peculiarly well adapted for a place of encampment, from which Joshua could carry on the conquest of the land toward both the north and south, we can come to no other conclusion than that this Gilgal or Jiljilia was the Gilgal mentioned in Jos 9:6; Jos 10:6, Jos 10:9,Jos 10:15, Jos 10:43, and Jos 14:6, as the place where the Israelites were encamped. We therefore assume, that after the setting up of the law on Gerizim and Ebal, Joshua did not conduct the people with their wives and children back again to the camp which they had left in the Jordan valley on the other side of Jericho, but chose the Gilgal which was situated upon the mountains, and only seven hours' journey to the south of Sichem, as the future place of encampment, and made this the central point of all his further military operations; and that this was the place to which he returned after his last campaign in the north, to commence the division of the conquered land among the tribes of Israel (Jos 14:6), and where he remained till the tabernacle was permanently erected at Shiloh, when the further distribution was carried on there (Jos 18:1.). This view, which even Van de Velde (Memoir, p. 316) has adopted as probable, is favoured still further by the fact that this Gilgal of Jiljilia, which is still a large village, is frequently mentioned in the subsequent history of Israel, not only in Kg2 2:1 and Kg2 4:38, as the seat of a school of the prophets in the time of Elijah and Elisha, and in Hos 4:15; Hos 9:15; Hos 12:12; Amo 4:4; Amo 5:5, as a place which was much frequented for the purpose of idolatrous worship; but even at an earlier date still, namely, as one of the places where Samuel judged the people (Sa1 7:16), and as the place where he offered sacrifice (Sa1 10:8; cf. Jos 13:7-9), and where he gathered the people together to confirm the monarchy of Saul (Sa1 11:14-15), at a time when the tabernacle at Shiloh had ceased to be the only national sanctuary of Israel, on account of the ark having been taken away. Gilgal had no doubt acquired this significance along with Bethel, which had been regarded as a holy place ever since the time of Jacob, from the fact that it was there that Joshua had established the camp of Israel with the ark of the covenant, until the land was divided, and Shiloh was appointed as the site for the national sanctuary. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
Then - Namely, after the taking of Ai. For they were obliged to do this, when they were brought over Jordan into the land of Canaan, Deu 11:29, Deu 27:2-3, which is not to be understood strictly, as if it were to be done the same day; for it is manifest they were first to be circumcised, and to eat the passover, which they did, and which was the work of some days; but as soon as they had opportunity to do it, which was now when these two great frontier cities were taken and destroyed, and thereby the coast cleared, and the bordering people under great consternation, so that all the Israelites might securely march thither. And indeed this work was fit to be done as soon as might be, that thereby they might renew their covenant with God, by whose help alone they could expect success in their great and difficult enterprize. Built an altar - Namely, for the offering of sacrifices, as appears from the following verse. Mount Ebal - God's altar was to be but in one place, Deu 12:13-14, and this place was appointed to he mount Ebal, Deu 27:4-5, which also seems most proper, that in that place whence the curses of the law were denounced against sinners, there might also be the tokens and means of grace, and peace, and reconciliation with God, for the removing of the curses, and the procuring of God's blessing to sinners. |
Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
Then Joshua built an altar - This was done in obedience to the express command of God, Deu 27:4-8 (note). |
2 And it shall be on the day [03117] when ye shall pass over [05674] Jordan [03383] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, that thou shalt set thee up [06965] great [01419] stones [068], and plaister [07874] them with plaister [07875]:
11 And Moses [04872] charged [06680] the people [05971] the same day [03117], saying [0559],
30 Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858],
31 As Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] commanded [06680] the children [01121] of Israel [03478], as it is written [03789] in the book [05612] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], an altar [04196] of whole [08003] stones [068], over which no man hath lift up [05130] any iron [01270]: and they offered [05927] thereon burnt offerings [05930] unto the LORD [03068], and sacrificed [02076] peace offerings [08002].
3 And thou shalt write [03789] upon them all the words [01697] of this law [08451], when thou art passed over [05674], that thou mayest go in [0935] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, a land [0776] that floweth [02100] with milk [02461] and honey [01706]; as the LORD [03068] God [0430] of thy fathers [01] hath promised [01696] thee.
11 When all Israel [03478] is come [0935] to appear [07200] before [06440] the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] in the place [04725] which he shall choose [0977], thou shalt read [07121] this law [08451] before all Israel [03478] in their hearing [0241].
34 And afterward [0310] he read [07121] all the words [01697] of the law [08451], the blessings [01293] and cursings [07045], according to all that is written [03789] in the book [05612] of the law [08451].
32 And he wrote [03789] there upon the stones [068] a copy [04932] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], which he wrote [03789] in the presence [06440] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478].
30 Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858],
43 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
15 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
6 And the men [0582] of Gibeon [01391] sent [07971] unto Joshua [03091] to the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537], saying [0559], Slack [07503] not thy hand [03027] from thy servants [05650]; come up [05927] to us quickly [04120], and save [03467] us, and help [05826] us: for all the kings [04428] of the Amorites [0567] that dwell [03427] in the mountains [02022] are gathered together [06908] against us.
6 And they went [03212] to Joshua [03091] unto the camp [04264] at Gilgal [01537], and said [0559] unto him, and to the men [0376] of Israel [03478], We be come [0935] from a far [07350] country [0776]: now therefore make [03772] ye a league [01285] with us.
35 There was not a word [01697] of all that Moses [04872] commanded [06680], which Joshua [03091] read [07121] not before all the congregation [06951] of Israel [03478], with the women [0802], and the little ones [02945], and the strangers [01616] that were conversant [01980] among [07130] them.
29 And it shall come to pass, when the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] hath brought thee in [0935] unto the land [0776] whither thou goest [0935] to possess [03423] it, that thou shalt put [05414] the blessing [01293] upon mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and the curse [07045] upon mount [02022] Ebal [05858].
35 There was not a word [01697] of all that Moses [04872] commanded [06680], which Joshua [03091] read [07121] not before all the congregation [06951] of Israel [03478], with the women [0802], and the little ones [02945], and the strangers [01616] that were conversant [01980] among [07130] them.
3 And when the inhabitants [03427] of Gibeon [01391] heard [08085] what Joshua [03091] had done [06213] unto Jericho [03405] and to Ai [05857],
1 And it came to pass, when all the kings [04428] which were on this side [05676] Jordan [03383], in the hills [02022], and in the valleys [08219], and in all the coasts [02348] of the great [01419] sea [03220] over against [04136] Lebanon [03844], the Hittite [02850], and the Amorite [0567], the Canaanite [03669], the Perizzite [06522], the Hivite [02340], and the Jebusite [02983], heard [08085] thereof;
29 And the king [04428] of Ai [05857] he hanged [08518] on a tree [06086] until eventide [06256] [06153]: and as soon as the sun [08121] was down [0935], Joshua [03091] commanded [06680] that they should take [03381] his carcase [05038] down [03381] from the tree [06086], and cast [07993] it at the entering [06607] of the gate [08179] of the city [05892], and raise [06965] thereon a great [01419] heap [01530] of stones [068], that remaineth unto this day [03117].
14 Then said [0559] Samuel [08050] to the people [05971], Come [03212], and let us go [03212] to Gilgal [01537], and renew [02318] the kingdom [04410] there.
15 And all the people [05971] went [03212] to Gilgal [01537]; and there they made Saul [07586] king [04427] before [06440] the LORD [03068] in Gilgal [01537]; and there they sacrificed [02076] sacrifices [02077] of peace offerings [08002] before [06440] the LORD [03068]; and there Saul [07586] and all the men [0582] of Israel [03478] rejoiced [08055] greatly [03966].
7 Now therefore divide [02505] this land [0776] for an inheritance [05159] unto the nine [08672] tribes [07626], and the half [02677] tribe [07626] of Manasseh [04519],
8 With whom the Reubenites [07206] and the Gadites [01425] have received [03947] their inheritance [05159], which Moses [04872] gave [05414] them, beyond [05676] Jordan [03383] eastward [04217], even as Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] gave [05414] them;
9 From Aroer [06177], that is upon the bank [08193] of the river [05158] Arnon [0769], and the city [05892] that is in the midst [08432] of the river [05158], and all the plain [04334] of Medeba [04311] unto Dibon [01769];
8 And thou shalt go down [03381] before [06440] me to Gilgal [01537]; and, behold, I will come down [03381] unto thee, to offer [05927] burnt offerings [05930], and to sacrifice [02076] sacrifices [02077] of peace offerings [08002]: seven [07651] days [03117] shalt thou tarry [03176], till I come [0935] to thee, and shew [03045] thee what thou shalt do [06213].
16 And he went [01980] from [01767] year [08141] to year [08141] in circuit [05437] to Bethel [01008], and Gilgal [01537], and Mizpeh [04709], and judged [08199] Israel [03478] in all those places [04725].
5 But seek [01875] not Bethel [01008], nor enter [0935] into Gilgal [01537], and pass [05674] not to Beersheba [0884]: for Gilgal [01537] shall surely [01540] go into captivity [01540], and Bethel [01008] shall come to nought [0205].
4 Come [0935] to Bethel [01008], and transgress [06586]; at Gilgal [01537] multiply [07235] transgression [06586]; and bring [0935] your sacrifices [02077] every morning [01242], and your tithes [04643] after three [07969] years [03117]:
12 And Jacob [03290] fled [01272] into the country [07704] of Syria [0758], and Israel [03478] served [05647] for a wife [0802], and for a wife [0802] he kept [08104] sheep.
15 All their wickedness [07451] is in Gilgal [01537]: for there I hated [08130] them: for the wickedness [07455] of their doings [04611] I will drive them out [01644] of mine house [01004], I will love [0160] them no more [03254]: all their princes [08269] are revolters [05637].
15 Though thou, Israel [03478], play the harlot [02181], yet let not Judah [03063] offend [0816]; and come [0935] not ye unto Gilgal [01537], neither go ye up [05927] to Bethaven [01007], nor swear [07650], The LORD [03068] liveth [02416].
38 And Elisha [0477] came again [07725] to Gilgal [01537]: and there was a dearth [07458] in the land [0776]; and the sons [01121] of the prophets [05030] were sitting [03427] before [06440] him: and he said [0559] unto his servant [05288], Set [08239] on the great [01419] pot [05518], and seethe [01310] pottage [05138] for the sons [01121] of the prophets [05030].
1 And it came to pass, when the LORD [03068] would take up [05927] Elijah [0452] into heaven [08064] by a whirlwind [05591], that Elijah [0452] went [03212] with Elisha [0477] from Gilgal [01537].
1 And the whole congregation [05712] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478] assembled together [06950] at Shiloh [07887], and set up [07931] the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150] there. And the land [0776] was subdued [03533] before [06440] them.
6 Then the children [01121] of Judah [03063] came [05066] unto Joshua [03091] in Gilgal [01537]: and Caleb [03612] the son [01121] of Jephunneh [03312] the Kenezite [07074] said [0559] unto him, Thou knowest [03045] the thing [01697] that the LORD [03068] said [01696] unto Moses [04872] the man [0376] of God [0430] concerning me [0182] and thee [0182] in Kadeshbarnea [06947].
6 Then the children [01121] of Judah [03063] came [05066] unto Joshua [03091] in Gilgal [01537]: and Caleb [03612] the son [01121] of Jephunneh [03312] the Kenezite [07074] said [0559] unto him, Thou knowest [03045] the thing [01697] that the LORD [03068] said [01696] unto Moses [04872] the man [0376] of God [0430] concerning me [0182] and thee [0182] in Kadeshbarnea [06947].
43 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
15 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
9 Joshua [03091] therefore came [0935] unto them suddenly [06597], and went up [05927] from Gilgal [01537] all night [03915].
6 And the men [0582] of Gibeon [01391] sent [07971] unto Joshua [03091] to the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537], saying [0559], Slack [07503] not thy hand [03027] from thy servants [05650]; come up [05927] to us quickly [04120], and save [03467] us, and help [05826] us: for all the kings [04428] of the Amorites [0567] that dwell [03427] in the mountains [02022] are gathered together [06908] against us.
6 And they went [03212] to Joshua [03091] unto the camp [04264] at Gilgal [01537], and said [0559] unto him, and to the men [0376] of Israel [03478], We be come [0935] from a far [07350] country [0776]: now therefore make [03772] ye a league [01285] with us.
30 Are they not on the other side [05676] Jordan [03383], by [0310] the way [01870] where the sun [08121] goeth down [03996], in the land [0776] of the Canaanites [03669], which dwell [03427] in the champaign [06160] over against [04136] Gilgal [01537], beside [0681] the plains [0436] of Moreh [04176]?
30 Are they not on the other side [05676] Jordan [03383], by [0310] the way [01870] where the sun [08121] goeth down [03996], in the land [0776] of the Canaanites [03669], which dwell [03427] in the champaign [06160] over against [04136] Gilgal [01537], beside [0681] the plains [0436] of Moreh [04176]?
6 Then the children [01121] of Judah [03063] came [05066] unto Joshua [03091] in Gilgal [01537]: and Caleb [03612] the son [01121] of Jephunneh [03312] the Kenezite [07074] said [0559] unto him, Thou knowest [03045] the thing [01697] that the LORD [03068] said [01696] unto Moses [04872] the man [0376] of God [0430] concerning me [0182] and thee [0182] in Kadeshbarnea [06947].
43 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
15 And Joshua [03091] returned [07725], and all Israel [03478] with him, unto the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537].
9 Joshua [03091] therefore came [0935] unto them suddenly [06597], and went up [05927] from Gilgal [01537] all night [03915].
6 And the men [0582] of Gibeon [01391] sent [07971] unto Joshua [03091] to the camp [04264] to Gilgal [01537], saying [0559], Slack [07503] not thy hand [03027] from thy servants [05650]; come up [05927] to us quickly [04120], and save [03467] us, and help [05826] us: for all the kings [04428] of the Amorites [0567] that dwell [03427] in the mountains [02022] are gathered together [06908] against us.
6 And they went [03212] to Joshua [03091] unto the camp [04264] at Gilgal [01537], and said [0559] unto him, and to the men [0376] of Israel [03478], We be come [0935] from a far [07350] country [0776]: now therefore make [03772] ye a league [01285] with us.
1 And it came to pass, when all the kings [04428] which were on this side [05676] Jordan [03383], in the hills [02022], and in the valleys [08219], and in all the coasts [02348] of the great [01419] sea [03220] over against [04136] Lebanon [03844], the Hittite [02850], and the Amorite [0567], the Canaanite [03669], the Perizzite [06522], the Hivite [02340], and the Jebusite [02983], heard [08085] thereof;
35 There was not a word [01697] of all that Moses [04872] commanded [06680], which Joshua [03091] read [07121] not before all the congregation [06951] of Israel [03478], with the women [0802], and the little ones [02945], and the strangers [01616] that were conversant [01980] among [07130] them.
26 Behold [07200], I set [05414] before [06440] you this day [03117] a blessing [01293] and a curse [07045];
15 Cursed [0779] be the man [0376] that maketh [06213] any graven [06459] or molten image [04541], an abomination [08441] unto the LORD [03068], the work [04639] of the hands [03027] of the craftsman [02796], and putteth [07760] it in a secret [05643] place. And all the people [05971] shall answer [06030] and say [0559], Amen [0543].
16 Cursed [0779] be he that setteth light [07034] by his father [01] or his mother [0517]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
17 Cursed [0779] be he that removeth [05253] his neighbour's [07453] landmark [01366]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
18 Cursed [0779] be he that maketh the blind [05787] to wander [07686] out of the way [01870]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
19 Cursed [0779] be he that perverteth [05186] the judgment [04941] of the stranger [01616], fatherless [03490], and widow [0490]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
20 Cursed [0779] be he that lieth [07901] with his father's [01] wife [0802]; because he uncovereth [01540] his father's [01] skirt [03671]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
21 Cursed [0779] be he that lieth [07901] with any manner of beast [0929]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
22 Cursed [0779] be he that lieth [07901] with his sister [0269], the daughter [01323] of his father [01], or the daughter [01323] of his mother [0517]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
23 Cursed [0779] be he that lieth [07901] with his mother in law [02859]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
24 Cursed [0779] be he that smiteth [05221] his neighbour [07453] secretly [05643]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
25 Cursed [0779] be he that taketh [03947] reward [07810] to slay [05221] an innocent [05355] person [05315] [01818]. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
26 Cursed [0779] be he that confirmeth [06965] not all the words [01697] of this law [08451] to do [06213] them. And all the people [05971] shall say [0559], Amen [0543].
1 And it shall come to pass, if thou shalt hearken [08085] diligently [08085] unto the voice [06963] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], to observe [08104] and to do [06213] all his commandments [04687] which I command [06680] thee this day [03117], that the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] will set [05414] thee on high [05945] above all nations [01471] of the earth [0776]:
2 And all these blessings [01293] shall come [0935] on thee, and overtake [05381] thee, if thou shalt hearken [08085] unto the voice [06963] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430].
3 Blessed [01288] shalt thou be in the city [05892], and blessed [01288] shalt thou be in the field [07704].
4 Blessed [01288] shall be the fruit [06529] of thy body [0990], and the fruit [06529] of thy ground [0127], and the fruit [06529] of thy cattle [0929], the increase [07698] of thy kine [0504], and the flocks [06251] of thy sheep [06629].
5 Blessed [01288] shall be thy basket [02935] and thy store [04863].
6 Blessed [01288] shalt thou be when thou comest in [0935], and blessed [01288] shalt thou be when thou goest out [03318].
7 The LORD [03068] shall cause [05414] thine enemies [0341] that rise up [06965] against thee to be smitten [05062] before thy face [06440]: they shall come out [03318] against thee one [0259] way [01870], and flee [05127] before [06440] thee seven [07651] ways [01870].
8 The LORD [03068] shall command [06680] the blessing [01293] upon thee in thy storehouses [0618], and in all that thou settest [04916] thine hand [03027] unto; and he shall bless [01288] thee in the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee.
9 The LORD [03068] shall establish [06965] thee an holy [06918] people [05971] unto himself, as he hath sworn [07650] unto thee, if thou shalt keep [08104] the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], and walk [01980] in his ways [01870].
10 And all people [05971] of the earth [0776] shall see [07200] that thou art called [07121] by the name [08034] of the LORD [03068]; and they shall be afraid [03372] of thee.
11 And the LORD [03068] shall make thee plenteous [03498] in goods [02896], in the fruit [06529] of thy body [0990], and in the fruit [06529] of thy cattle [0929], and in the fruit [06529] of thy ground [0127], in the land [0127] which the LORD [03068] sware [07650] unto thy fathers [01] to give [05414] thee.
12 The LORD [03068] shall open [06605] unto thee his good [02896] treasure [0214], the heaven [08064] to give [05414] the rain [04306] unto thy land [0776] in his season [06256], and to bless [01288] all the work [04639] of thine hand [03027]: and thou shalt lend [03867] unto many [07227] nations [01471], and thou shalt not borrow [03867].
13 And the LORD [03068] shall make [05414] thee the head [07218], and not the tail [02180]; and thou shalt be above only [04605], and thou shalt not be beneath [04295]; if that thou hearken [08085] unto the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], which I command [06680] thee this day [03117], to observe [08104] and to do [06213] them:
14 And thou shalt not go aside [05493] from any of the words [01697] which I command [06680] thee this day [03117], to the right hand [03225], or to the left [08040], to go [03212] after [0310] other [0312] gods [0430] to serve [05647] them.
7 And he took [03947] the book [05612] of the covenant [01285], and read [07121] in the audience [0241] of the people [05971]: and they said [0559], All that the LORD [03068] hath said [01696] will we do [06213], and be obedient [08085].
34 And afterward [0310] he read [07121] all the words [01697] of the law [08451], the blessings [01293] and cursings [07045], according to all that is written [03789] in the book [05612] of the law [08451].
35 There was not a word [01697] of all that Moses [04872] commanded [06680], which Joshua [03091] read [07121] not before all the congregation [06951] of Israel [03478], with the women [0802], and the little ones [02945], and the strangers [01616] that were conversant [01980] among [07130] them.
29 And it shall come to pass, when the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] hath brought thee in [0935] unto the land [0776] whither thou goest [0935] to possess [03423] it, that thou shalt put [05414] the blessing [01293] upon mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and the curse [07045] upon mount [02022] Ebal [05858].
11 And Moses [04872] charged [06680] the people [05971] the same day [03117], saying [0559],
33 And all Israel [03478], and their elders [02205], and officers [07860], and their judges [08199], stood [05975] on this side the ark [0727] and on that side before the priests [03548] the Levites [03881], which bare [05375] the ark [0727] of the covenant [01285] of the LORD [03068], as well the stranger [01616], as he that was born [0249] among them; half [02677] of them over [0413] against [04136] mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and half [02677] of them over against [04136] mount [02022] Ebal [05858]; as Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] had commanded [06680] before [07223], that they should bless [01288] the people [05971] of Israel [03478].
11 And Moses [04872] charged [06680] the people [05971] the same day [03117], saying [0559],
3 And thou shalt write [03789] upon them all the words [01697] of this law [08451], when thou art passed over [05674], that thou mayest go in [0935] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, a land [0776] that floweth [02100] with milk [02461] and honey [01706]; as the LORD [03068] God [0430] of thy fathers [01] hath promised [01696] thee.
18 And it shall be, when he sitteth [03427] upon the throne [03678] of his kingdom [04467], that he shall write [03789] him a copy [04932] of this law [08451] in a book [05612] out of that which is before [06440] the priests [03548] the Levites [03881]:
2 And it shall be on the day [03117] when ye shall pass over [05674] Jordan [03383] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, that thou shalt set thee up [06965] great [01419] stones [068], and plaister [07874] them with plaister [07875]:
32 And he wrote [03789] there upon the stones [068] a copy [04932] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], which he wrote [03789] in the presence [06440] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478].
6 Thou shalt build [01129] the altar [04196] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] of whole [08003] stones [068]: and thou shalt offer [05927] burnt offerings [05930] thereon unto the LORD [03068] thy God [0430]:
7 And thou shalt offer [02076] peace offerings [08002], and shalt eat [0398] there, and rejoice [08055] before [06440] the LORD [03068] thy God [0430].
22 And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto Moses [04872], Thus thou shalt say [0559] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], Ye have seen [07200] that I have talked [01696] with you from heaven [08064].
5 And there shalt thou build [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], an altar [04196] of stones [068]: thou shalt not lift up [05130] any iron [01270] tool upon them.
31 As Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] commanded [06680] the children [01121] of Israel [03478], as it is written [03789] in the book [05612] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], an altar [04196] of whole [08003] stones [068], over which no man hath lift up [05130] any iron [01270]: and they offered [05927] thereon burnt offerings [05930] unto the LORD [03068], and sacrificed [02076] peace offerings [08002].
32 And he wrote [03789] there upon the stones [068] a copy [04932] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], which he wrote [03789] in the presence [06440] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478].
33 And all Israel [03478], and their elders [02205], and officers [07860], and their judges [08199], stood [05975] on this side the ark [0727] and on that side before the priests [03548] the Levites [03881], which bare [05375] the ark [0727] of the covenant [01285] of the LORD [03068], as well the stranger [01616], as he that was born [0249] among them; half [02677] of them over [0413] against [04136] mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and half [02677] of them over against [04136] mount [02022] Ebal [05858]; as Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] had commanded [06680] before [07223], that they should bless [01288] the people [05971] of Israel [03478].
4 Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over [05674] Jordan [03383], that ye shall set up [06965] these stones [068], which I command [06680] you this day [03117], in mount [02022] Ebal [05858], and thou shalt plaister [07875] them with plaister [07874].
29 And it shall come to pass, when the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] hath brought thee in [0935] unto the land [0776] whither thou goest [0935] to possess [03423] it, that thou shalt put [05414] the blessing [01293] upon mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and the curse [07045] upon mount [02022] Ebal [05858].
30 Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858],
32 And he wrote [03789] there upon the stones [068] a copy [04932] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], which he wrote [03789] in the presence [06440] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478].
31 As Moses [04872] the servant [05650] of the LORD [03068] commanded [06680] the children [01121] of Israel [03478], as it is written [03789] in the book [05612] of the law [08451] of Moses [04872], an altar [04196] of whole [08003] stones [068], over which no man hath lift up [05130] any iron [01270]: and they offered [05927] thereon burnt offerings [05930] unto the LORD [03068], and sacrificed [02076] peace offerings [08002].
30 Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858],
5 And I, and all the people [05971] that are with me, will approach [07126] unto the city [05892]: and it shall come to pass, when they come out [03318] against [07125] us, as at the first [07223], that we will flee [05127] before [06440] them,
6 (For they will come out [03318] after [0310] us) till we have drawn [05423] them from the city [05892]; for they will say [0559], They flee [05127] before [06440] us, as at the first [07223]: therefore we will flee [05127] before [06440] them.
7 Then ye shall rise up [06965] from the ambush [0693], and seize [03423] upon the city [05892]: for the LORD [03068] your God [0430] will deliver [05414] it into your hand [03027].
2 And it shall be on the day [03117] when ye shall pass over [05674] Jordan [03383] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, that thou shalt set thee up [06965] great [01419] stones [068], and plaister [07874] them with plaister [07875]:
3 And thou shalt write [03789] upon them all the words [01697] of this law [08451], when thou art passed over [05674], that thou mayest go in [0935] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, a land [0776] that floweth [02100] with milk [02461] and honey [01706]; as the LORD [03068] God [0430] of thy fathers [01] hath promised [01696] thee.
4 Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over [05674] Jordan [03383], that ye shall set up [06965] these stones [068], which I command [06680] you this day [03117], in mount [02022] Ebal [05858], and thou shalt plaister [07875] them with plaister [07874].
30 Then Joshua [03091] built [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] God [0430] of Israel [03478] in mount [02022] Ebal [05858],
4 Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over [05674] Jordan [03383], that ye shall set up [06965] these stones [068], which I command [06680] you this day [03117], in mount [02022] Ebal [05858], and thou shalt plaister [07875] them with plaister [07874].
5 And there shalt thou build [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], an altar [04196] of stones [068]: thou shalt not lift up [05130] any iron [01270] tool upon them.
13 Take heed [08104] to thyself that thou offer [05927] not thy burnt offerings [05930] in every place [04725] that thou seest [07200]:
14 But in the place [04725] which the LORD [03068] shall choose [0977] in one [0259] of thy tribes [07626], there thou shalt offer [05927] thy burnt offerings [05930], and there thou shalt do [06213] all that I command [06680] thee.
2 And it shall be on the day [03117] when ye shall pass over [05674] Jordan [03383] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, that thou shalt set thee up [06965] great [01419] stones [068], and plaister [07874] them with plaister [07875]:
3 And thou shalt write [03789] upon them all the words [01697] of this law [08451], when thou art passed over [05674], that thou mayest go in [0935] unto the land [0776] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] giveth [05414] thee, a land [0776] that floweth [02100] with milk [02461] and honey [01706]; as the LORD [03068] God [0430] of thy fathers [01] hath promised [01696] thee.
29 And it shall come to pass, when the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] hath brought thee in [0935] unto the land [0776] whither thou goest [0935] to possess [03423] it, that thou shalt put [05414] the blessing [01293] upon mount [02022] Gerizim [01630], and the curse [07045] upon mount [02022] Ebal [05858].
4 Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over [05674] Jordan [03383], that ye shall set up [06965] these stones [068], which I command [06680] you this day [03117], in mount [02022] Ebal [05858], and thou shalt plaister [07875] them with plaister [07874].
5 And there shalt thou build [01129] an altar [04196] unto the LORD [03068] thy God [0430], an altar [04196] of stones [068]: thou shalt not lift up [05130] any iron [01270] tool upon them.
6 Thou shalt build [01129] the altar [04196] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] of whole [08003] stones [068]: and thou shalt offer [05927] burnt offerings [05930] thereon unto the LORD [03068] thy God [0430]:
7 And thou shalt offer [02076] peace offerings [08002], and shalt eat [0398] there, and rejoice [08055] before [06440] the LORD [03068] thy God [0430].
8 And thou shalt write [03789] upon the stones [068] all the words [01697] of this law [08451] very [03190] plainly [0874].