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Selected Verse: Romans 9:13 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
Ro 9:13 |
Strong Concordance |
As [2531] it is written [1125], Jacob [2384] have I loved [25], but [1161] Esau [2269] have I hated [3404]. |
|
King James |
As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated. |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
As it is written - Mal 1:2-3. That is, the distribution of favors is on the principle advanced by the prophet, and is in accordance with the declaration that God had in fact loved the one and hated the other.
Jacob - This refers, doubtless, to the posterity of Jacob.
Have I loved - I have shown affection for that people; I have bestowed on them great privileges and blessings, as proofs of attachment. I have preferred Jacob to Esau.
Esau - The descendants of Esau, the Edomites; see Mal 1:4.
Have I hated - This does not mean any positive hatred; but that he had preferred Jacob, and had withheld from Esau those privileges and blessings which he had conferred on the posterity of Jacob. This is explained in Mal 1:3," And I hated Esau, and laid his mountains and heritage waste for the dragons of the wilderness;" compare Jer 49:17-18; Eze 35:6. It was common among the Hebrews to use the terms "love" and "hatred" in this comparative sense, where the former implied strong positive attachment, and the latter, not positive hatred, but merely a less love, or the withholding of the expressions of affection; compare Gen 29:30-31; Pro 13:24, "He that spareth his rod hateth his son; but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes;" Mat 6:24, "No man can serve two masters, for either he will hate the one and love the other," etc.; Luk 14:26, "if any man come to me, and hate not his father and mother, etc." |
Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent [1886] |
Jacob - Esau
See Gen 25:23. Representing their respective nations, as often in the Old Testament. Num 23:7, Num 23:10, Num 23:23; Num 24:5; Jer 49:10; compare also the original of the citation, Mal 1:2, Mal 1:3, the burden of the word of the Lord to Israel. Compare also Edom in Mal 1:4, synonymous with Esau in Mal 1:3; and Israel, Mal 1:5, synonymous with Jacob, Mal 1:2.
Hated (ἐμίσησα)
The expression is intentionally strong as an expression of moral antipathy. Compare Mat 6:24; Luk 14:26. No idea of malice is implied of course. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
As it is written - With which word in Genesis, spoken so long before, that of Malachi agrees. I have loved Jacob - With a peculiar love; that is, the Israelites, the posterity of Jacob. And I have, comparatively, hated Esau - That is, the Edomites, the posterity of Esau. But observe, This does not relate to the person of Jacob or Esau Nor does it relate to the eternal state either of them or their posterity. Thus far the apostle has been proving his proposition, namely, that the exclusion of a great part of the seed of Abraham, yea, and of Isaac, from the special promises of God, was so far from being impossible, that, according to the scriptures themselves, it had actually happened. He now introduces and refutes an objection. Mal 1:2-3. |
26 If any [1536] man come [2064] to [4314] me [3165], and [2532] hate [3404] not [3756] his [1438] father [3962], and [2532] mother [3384], and [2532] wife [1135], and [2532] children [5043], and [2532] brethren [80], and [2532] sisters [79], yea [2089], and [1161] his own [1438] life [5590] also [2532], he cannot [3756] [1410] be [1511] my [3450] disciple [3101].
24 No man [3762] can [1410] serve [1398] two [1417] masters [2962]: for [1063] either [2228] he will hate [3404] the one [1520], and [2532] love [25] the other [2087]; or else [2228] he will hold [472] to the one [1520], and [2532] despise [2706] the other [2087]. Ye cannot [3756] [1410] serve [1398] God [2316] and [2532] mammon [3126].
24 He that spareth [02820] his rod [07626] hateth [08130] his son [01121]: but he that loveth [0157] him chasteneth [04148] him betimes [07836].
30 And he went in [0935] also unto Rachel [07354], and he loved [0157] also Rachel [07354] more than Leah [03812], and served [05647] with him yet seven [07651] other [0312] years [08141].
31 And when the LORD [03068] saw [07200] that Leah [03812] was hated [08130], he opened [06605] her womb [07358]: but Rachel [07354] was barren [06135].
6 Therefore, as I live [02416], saith [05002] the Lord [0136] GOD [03069], I will prepare [06213] thee unto blood [01818], and blood [01818] shall pursue [07291] thee: sith [0518] thou hast not hated [08130] blood [01818], even blood [01818] shall pursue [07291] thee.
17 Also Edom [0123] shall be a desolation [08047]: every one that goeth [05674] by it shall be astonished [08074], and shall hiss [08319] at all the plagues [04347] thereof.
18 As in the overthrow [04114] of Sodom [05467] and Gomorrah [06017] and the neighbour [07934] cities thereof, saith [0559] the LORD [03068], no man [0376] shall abide [03427] there, neither shall a son [01121] of man [0120] dwell [01481] in it.
3 And I hated [08130] Esau [06215], and laid [07760] his mountains [02022] and his heritage [05159] waste [08077] for the dragons [08568] of the wilderness [04057].
4 Whereas Edom [0123] saith [0559], We are impoverished [07567], but we will return [07725] and build [01129] the desolate places [02723]; thus saith [0559] the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635], They shall build [01129], but I will throw down [02040]; and they shall call [07121] them, The border [01366] of wickedness [07564], and, The people [05971] against whom the LORD [03068] hath indignation [02194] for [05704] ever [05769].
2 I have loved [0157] you, saith [05002] the LORD [03068]. Yet ye say [0559], Wherein hast thou loved [0157] us? Was not Esau [06215] Jacob's [03290] brother [0251]? saith [0559] the LORD [03068]: yet I loved [0157] Jacob [03290],
3 And I hated [08130] Esau [06215], and laid [07760] his mountains [02022] and his heritage [05159] waste [08077] for the dragons [08568] of the wilderness [04057].
26 If any [1536] man come [2064] to [4314] me [3165], and [2532] hate [3404] not [3756] his [1438] father [3962], and [2532] mother [3384], and [2532] wife [1135], and [2532] children [5043], and [2532] brethren [80], and [2532] sisters [79], yea [2089], and [1161] his own [1438] life [5590] also [2532], he cannot [3756] [1410] be [1511] my [3450] disciple [3101].
24 No man [3762] can [1410] serve [1398] two [1417] masters [2962]: for [1063] either [2228] he will hate [3404] the one [1520], and [2532] love [25] the other [2087]; or else [2228] he will hold [472] to the one [1520], and [2532] despise [2706] the other [2087]. Ye cannot [3756] [1410] serve [1398] God [2316] and [2532] mammon [3126].
2 I have loved [0157] you, saith [05002] the LORD [03068]. Yet ye say [0559], Wherein hast thou loved [0157] us? Was not Esau [06215] Jacob's [03290] brother [0251]? saith [0559] the LORD [03068]: yet I loved [0157] Jacob [03290],
5 And your eyes [05869] shall see [07200], and ye shall say [0559], The LORD [03068] will be magnified [01431] from the border [01366] of Israel [03478].
3 And I hated [08130] Esau [06215], and laid [07760] his mountains [02022] and his heritage [05159] waste [08077] for the dragons [08568] of the wilderness [04057].
4 Whereas Edom [0123] saith [0559], We are impoverished [07567], but we will return [07725] and build [01129] the desolate places [02723]; thus saith [0559] the LORD [03068] of hosts [06635], They shall build [01129], but I will throw down [02040]; and they shall call [07121] them, The border [01366] of wickedness [07564], and, The people [05971] against whom the LORD [03068] hath indignation [02194] for [05704] ever [05769].
3 And I hated [08130] Esau [06215], and laid [07760] his mountains [02022] and his heritage [05159] waste [08077] for the dragons [08568] of the wilderness [04057].
2 I have loved [0157] you, saith [05002] the LORD [03068]. Yet ye say [0559], Wherein hast thou loved [0157] us? Was not Esau [06215] Jacob's [03290] brother [0251]? saith [0559] the LORD [03068]: yet I loved [0157] Jacob [03290],
10 But I have made Esau [06215] bare [02834], I have uncovered [01540] his secret places [04565], and he shall not be able [03201] to hide [02247] himself: his seed [02233] is spoiled [07703], and his brethren [0251], and his neighbours [07934], and he is not.
5 How goodly [02895] are thy tents [0168], O Jacob [03290], and thy tabernacles [04908], O Israel [03478]!
23 Surely there is no enchantment [05173] against Jacob [03290], neither is there any divination [07081] against Israel [03478]: according to this time [06256] it shall be said [0559] of Jacob [03290] and of Israel [03478], What hath God [0410] wrought [06466] !
10 Who can count [04487] the dust [06083] of Jacob [03290], and the number [04557] of the fourth [07255] part of Israel [03478]? Let me die [04191] [05315] the death [04194] of the righteous [03477], and let my last [0319] end be like his!
7 And he took up [05375] his parable [04912], and said [0559], Balak [01111] the king [04428] of Moab [04124] hath brought [05148] me from Aram [0758], out of the mountains [02042] of the east [06924], saying, Come [03212], curse [0779] me Jacob [03290], and come [03212], defy [02194] Israel [03478].
23 And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto her, Two [08147] nations [01471] are in thy womb [0990], and two manner [08147] of people [03816] shall be separated [06504] from thy bowels [04578]; and the one people [03816] shall be stronger [0553] than the other people [03816]; and the elder [07227] shall serve [05647] the younger [06810].
2 I have loved [0157] you, saith [05002] the LORD [03068]. Yet ye say [0559], Wherein hast thou loved [0157] us? Was not Esau [06215] Jacob's [03290] brother [0251]? saith [0559] the LORD [03068]: yet I loved [0157] Jacob [03290],
3 And I hated [08130] Esau [06215], and laid [07760] his mountains [02022] and his heritage [05159] waste [08077] for the dragons [08568] of the wilderness [04057].