Show Bible Commentary For A Bible Verse

Click here to show/hide instructions.

Selected Verse: Matthew 2:1 - Strong Concordance

Verse	Translation	Text
Mt 2:1	Strong Concordance	Now [1161] when Jesus [2424] was born [1080] in [1722] Bethlehem [965] of Judaea [2449] in [1722] the days [2250] of Herod [2264] the king [935], behold [2400], there came [3854] wise men [3097] from [575] the east [395] to [1519] Jerusalem [2414],
	King James	Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem,

Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse

Open All | Close All Open All | Close All

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]
VISIT OF THE MAGI TO JERUSALEM AND BETHLEHEM. (Mat 2:1-12) Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea--so called to distinguish it from another Bethlehem in the tribe of Zebulun, near the Sea of Galilee (Jos 19:15); called also Beth-lehem-judah, as being in that tribe (Jdg 17:7); and Ephrath (Gen 35:16); and combining both, Beth-lehem Ephratah (Mic 5:2). It lay about six miles southwest of Jerusalem. But how came Joseph and Mary to remove thither from Nazareth, the place of their residence? Not of their own accord, and certainly not with the view of fulfilling the prophecy regarding Messiah's birthplace; nay, they stayed at Nazareth till it was almost too late for Mary to travel with safety; nor would they have stirred from it at all, had not an order which left them no choice forced them to the appointed place. A high hand was in all these movements. (See on Luk 2:1-6). in the days of Herod the king--styled the Great; son of Antipater, an Edomite, made king by the Romans. Thus was "the sceptre departing from Judah" (Gen 49:10), a sign that Messiah was now at hand. As Herod is known to have died in the year of Rome 750, in the fourth year before the commencement of our Christian era, the birth of Christ must be dated four years before the date usually assigned to it, even if He was born within the year of Herod's death, as it is next to certain that He was. there came wise men--literally, "Magi" or "Magians," probably of the learned class who cultivated astrology and kindred sciences. Balaam's prophecy (Num 24:17), and perhaps Daniel's (Dan 9:24, &c.), might have come down to them by tradition; but nothing definite is known of them. from the east--but whether from Arabia, Persia, or Mesopotamia is uncertain. to Jerusalem--as the Jewish metropolis.

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]

VISIT OF THE MAGI TO JERUSALEM AND BETHLEHEM. (Mat 2:1-12)

Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea--so called to distinguish it from another Bethlehem in the tribe of Zebulun, near the Sea of Galilee (Jos 19:15); called also Beth-lehem-judah, as being in that tribe (Jdg 17:7); and Ephrath (Gen 35:16); and combining both, Beth-lehem Ephratah (Mic 5:2). It lay about six miles southwest of Jerusalem. But how came Joseph and Mary to remove thither from Nazareth, the place of their residence? Not of their own accord, and certainly not with the view of fulfilling the prophecy regarding Messiah's birthplace; nay, they stayed at Nazareth till it was almost too late for Mary to travel with safety; nor would they have stirred from it at all, had not an order which left them no choice forced them to the appointed place. A high hand was in all these movements. (See on Luk 2:1-6).

in the days of Herod the king--styled the Great; son of Antipater, an Edomite, made king by the Romans. Thus was "the sceptre departing from Judah" (Gen 49:10), a sign that Messiah was now at hand. As Herod is known to have died in the year of Rome 750, in the fourth year before the commencement of our Christian era, the birth of Christ must be dated four years before the date usually assigned to it, even if He was born within the year of Herod's death, as it is next to certain that He was.

there came wise men--literally, "Magi" or "Magians," probably of the learned class who cultivated astrology and kindred sciences. Balaam's prophecy (Num 24:17), and perhaps Daniel's (Dan 9:24, &c.), might have come down to them by tradition; but nothing definite is known of them.

from the east--but whether from Arabia, Persia, or Mesopotamia is uncertain.

to Jerusalem--as the Jewish metropolis.

Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834]
When Jesus was born - See the full account of his birth in Luke 2:1-20. In Bethlehem of Judea - Bethlehem, the birthplace of Christ, was a small town about six miles south of Jerusalem. The word "Bethlehem" denotes "house of bread" - perhaps given to the place on account of its great fertility. It was also called Ephrata, a word supposed likewise to signify fertility, Gen 35:19; Rut 4:11; Psa 132:6. It was called the city of David Luk 2:4, because it was the city of his nativity, Sa1 16:1, Sa1 16:18. It was called Bethlehem of Judea, to distinguish it from a town of the same name in Galilee, Jos 19:15. The soil of Bethlehem was noted for its fertility. Ancient travelers frequently spoke of its productions. The town is situated on an eminence, in the midst of hills and vales. At present (circa 1880's) it contains about 200 houses, inhabited chiefly by Christians and Muslims, who live together in peace. About 200 paces east of Bethlehem the place is still shown where our Saviour is supposed to have been born. There is a church and a convent there; and beneath the church a subterranean chapel, which is lighted by 32 lamps, which is said to be the place where was the stable in which Jesus was born, though no certain reliance is to be placed on the tradition which makes this the birthplace of the Saviour. Herod the king - Judea, where our Saviour was born, was a province of the Roman Empire. It was taken about 63 years before his birth by Pompey, and placed under tribute. Herod received his appointment from the Romans, and had reigned at the time of the birth of Jesus for 34 years. Though he was permitted to be called king, yet he was, in all respects, dependent on the Roman emperor. He was commonly called "Herod the Great" because he had distinguished himself in the wars with Antigonus and his other enemies, and because he had evinced great talents in governing and defending his country, in repairing the temple, and in building and ornamenting the cities of his kingdom. He was, however, as much distinguished for his cruelty and his crimes as he was for his greatness. At this time Augustus was Emperor of Rome. The world was at peace. A large part of the known nations of the earth was united under the Roman emperor. Contact between different nations was easy and safe. Similar laws prevailed. The use of the Greek language was general throughout the world. All these circumstances combined to render this a favorable time to introduce the gospel, and to spread it through the earth; and the providence of God was remarkable in preparing the nations in this manner for the easy and rapid spread of the Christian religion. Wise men - The original word here is μάγοι magoi, from which comes our word magician, now used in a bad sense, but not so in the original. The persons here denoted were philosophers, priests, or astronomers. They lived chiefly in Persia and Arabia. They were the learned men of the Eastern nations. devoted to astronomy, to religion, and to medicine. They were held in high esteem by the Persian court, were admitted as counsellors, and followed the camps in war to give advice. From the east - It is not known whether they came from Persia or Arabia. Both countries might be denoted by the word East that is, east from Judea. Jerusalem - The capital of Judea. As there is frequent reference in the New Testament to Jerusalem; as it was the place of the public worship of God; as it was the place where many important transactions in the life of the Saviour occurred, and where he died; and as no Sunday school teacher can intelligently explain the New Testament without some knowledge of that city, it seems desirable to present, a brief description of it. A more full description may be seen in Calmet's Dictionary, and in the common works on Jewish antiquities. Jerusalem was the capital of the kingdom of Judah, and was built on the line dividing that tribe from the tribe of Benjamin. It was once called "Salem" Gen 14:18; Psa 76:2, and in the days of Abraham was the home of Melchizedek. When the Israelites took possession of the promised land, they found this stronghold in the possession of the Jebusites, by whom it was called Jebus or Jebusi, Jos 18:28. The name "Jerusalem" was probably compounded of the two by changing a single letter, and calling it, for the sake of the sound, "Jerusalem" instead of "Jebusalem." The ancient Salem was probably built on Mount Moriah or Acra - the eastern and western mountains on which Jerusalem was subsequently built. When the Jebusites became masters of the place, they erected a fortress in the southern quarter of the city, which was subsequently called Mount Zion, but which they called "Jebus"; and although the Israelites took possession of the adjacent territory Jos 18:28, the Jebusites still held this fortress or upper town until the time of David, who wrested it from them Sa2 5:7-9, and then removed his court from Hebron to Jerusalem, which was thenceforward known as the city of David, Sa2 6:10, Sa2 6:12; Kg1 8:1. Jerusalem was built on several hills Mount Zion on the south, Mount Moriah on the east, upon which the temple was subsequently built (see the notes at Mat 21:12), Mount Acra on the west, and Mount Bezetha on the north. Mount Moriah and Mount Zion were separated by a valley, called by Josephus the Valley of Cheesemongers, over which there was a bridge or raised way leading from the one to the other. On the southeast of Mount Moriah, and between that and Mount Zion, there was a bluff or high rock capable of strong fortification, called Ophel. The city was encompassed by hills. On the west there were hills which overlooked the city; on the south was the valley of Jehoshaphat, or the valley of Hinnom (see the notes at Mat 5:22), separating it from what is called the Mount of Corruption; on the east was the valley or the brook Kedron, dividing the city from the Mount of Olives. On the north the country was more level, though it was a broken or rolling country. On the southeast the valleys of the Kedron and Jehoshaphat united, and the waters flowed through the broken mountains in a southeasterly direction to the Dead Sea, some 15 miles distant. The city of Jerusalem stands in 31 degrees 50 minutes north latitude, and 35 degrees 20 minutes east longitude from Greenwich. It is 34 miles southeasterly from Jaffa - the ancient Joppa which is its seaport, and 120 miles southwesterly from Damascus. The best view of the city of Jerusalem is from Mount Olivet on the east (compare the notes at Mat 21:1), the mountains in the east being somewhat higher than those on the west. The city was anciently enclosed within walls, a part of which are still standing. The position of the walls has been at various times changed, as the city has been larger or smaller, or as it has extended in different directions. The wall on the south formerly included the whole of Mount Zion, though the modern wall runs over the summit, including about half of the mountain. In the time of the Saviour the northern wall enclosed only Mounts Acra and Moriah north, though after his death Agrippa extended the wall so as to include Mount Bezetha on the north. About half of that is included in the present wall. The limits of the city on the east and the west, being more determined by the nature of the place, have been more fixed and permanent. The city was watered in part by the fountain of Siloam on the east for a description of which, see the Luk 13:4 note, and Isa 7:3 note), and in part by the fountain of Gihon on the west of the city, which flowed into the vale of Jehoshaphat; and in the time of Solomon by an aqueduct, part of which is still remaining, by which water was brought from the vicinity of Bethlehem. The "pools of Solomon," three in number, one rising above another, and adapted to hold a large quantity of water, are still remaining in the vicinity of Bethlehem. The fountain of Siloam still flows freely (see the note at Isa 7:3)}}, though the fountain of Gihon is commonly dry. A reservoir or tank, however, remains at Gihon. Jerusalem had, probably, its highest degree of splendor in the time of Solomon. About 400 hundred years after, it was entirely destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar. It lay utterly desolate during the 70 years of the Jewish captivity. Then it was rebuilt, and restored to some degree of its former magnificence, and remained about 600 years, when it was utterly destroyed by Titus in 70 a.d. In the reign of Adrian the city was partly rebuilt under the name of AElia. The monuments of Pagan idolatry were erected in it, and it remained under Pagan jurisdiction until Helena, the mother of Constantine, overthrew the memorials of idolatry, and erected a magnificent church over the spot which was supposed to be the place of the Redeemer's sufferings and bruial. Julian, the apostate, with the design to destroy the credit of the prophecy of the Saviour that the temple should remain in ruins Matt. 24, endeavored to rebuild the temple. His own historian, Ammianus Marcellinus (see Warburton's Divine Legation of Moses), says that the workmen were impeded by balls of fire coming from the earth, and that he was compelled to abandon the undertaking. Jerusalem continued in the power of the Eastern emperors until the reign of the Caliph Omar, the third in succession from Mohammed, who reduced it under his control about the year 640. The Saracens continued masters of Jerusalem until the year 1099, when it was taken by the Crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon. They founded a new kingdom, of which Jerusalem was the capital, which continued eighty-eight years under nine kings. At last this kingdom was utterly ruined by Saladin; and though the Christians once more obtained possession of the city, yet they were obliged again to relinquish it. In 1217 the Saracens were expelled by the Turks, who have continued in possession of it ever since . Jerusalem has been taken and pillaged 17 times, and millions of people have been slaughtered within its walls. At present there is a splendid mosque - the mosque of Omar - on the site of the temple . The present population of Jerusalem (circa 1880's) is variously estimated at from 15,000 to 30,000 Turner estimates it at 26,000; Richard son, 20,000; Jowett, 15,000; Dr. Robinson at 11,000, namely, Muslims 4,500; Jews 3,000, Christians 3,500. - Biblical Researches, vol. ii. p. 83, 84. The Jews have a number of synagogues. The Roman Catholics have a convent, and have the control of the church of the Holy Sepulchre. The Greeks have twelve convents; the Armenians have three convents on Mount Zion and one in the city; the Copts, Syrians, and Abyssinians have each of them one convent. The streets are narrow, and the houses are of stone, most of them low and irregular, with flat roofs or terraces, and with small windows only toward the street, usually protected by iron grates. The above description has been obtained from a great variety of sources, and it would be useless to refer to the works where the facts have been obtained.

Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834]

When Jesus was born - See the full account of his birth in Luke 2:1-20.

In Bethlehem of Judea - Bethlehem, the birthplace of Christ, was a small town about six miles south of Jerusalem. The word "Bethlehem" denotes "house of bread" - perhaps given to the place on account of its great fertility. It was also called Ephrata, a word supposed likewise to signify fertility, Gen 35:19; Rut 4:11; Psa 132:6. It was called the city of David Luk 2:4, because it was the city of his nativity, Sa1 16:1, Sa1 16:18. It was called Bethlehem of Judea, to distinguish it from a town of the same name in Galilee, Jos 19:15. The soil of Bethlehem was noted for its fertility. Ancient travelers frequently spoke of its productions. The town is situated on an eminence, in the midst of hills and vales. At present (circa 1880's) it contains about 200 houses, inhabited chiefly by Christians and Muslims, who live together in peace. About 200 paces east of Bethlehem the place is still shown where our Saviour is supposed to have been born. There is a church and a convent there; and beneath the church a subterranean chapel, which is lighted by 32 lamps, which is said to be the place where was the stable in which Jesus was born, though no certain reliance is to be placed on the tradition which makes this the birthplace of the Saviour.

Herod the king - Judea, where our Saviour was born, was a province of the Roman Empire. It was taken about 63 years before his birth by Pompey, and placed under tribute. Herod received his appointment from the Romans, and had reigned at the time of the birth of Jesus for 34 years. Though he was permitted to be called king, yet he was, in all respects, dependent on the Roman emperor. He was commonly called "Herod the Great" because he had distinguished himself in the wars with Antigonus and his other enemies, and because he had evinced great talents in governing and defending his country, in repairing the temple, and in building and ornamenting the cities of his kingdom. He was, however, as much distinguished for his cruelty and his crimes as he was for his greatness. At this time Augustus was Emperor of Rome. The world was at peace. A large part of the known nations of the earth was united under the Roman emperor. Contact between different nations was easy and safe. Similar laws prevailed. The use of the Greek language was general throughout the world. All these circumstances combined to render this a favorable time to introduce the gospel, and to spread it through the earth; and the providence of God was remarkable in preparing the nations in this manner for the easy and rapid spread of the Christian religion.

Wise men - The original word here is μάγοι magoi, from which comes our word magician, now used in a bad sense, but not so in the original. The persons here denoted were philosophers, priests, or astronomers. They lived chiefly in Persia and Arabia. They were the learned men of the Eastern nations. devoted to astronomy, to religion, and to medicine. They were held in high esteem by the Persian court, were admitted as counsellors, and followed the camps in war to give advice.

From the east - It is not known whether they came from Persia or Arabia. Both countries might be denoted by the word East that is, east from Judea.

Jerusalem - The capital of Judea. As there is frequent reference in the New Testament to Jerusalem; as it was the place of the public worship of God; as it was the place where many important transactions in the life of the Saviour occurred, and where he died; and as no Sunday school teacher can intelligently explain the New Testament without some knowledge of that city, it seems desirable to present, a brief description of it. A more full description may be seen in Calmet's Dictionary, and in the common works on Jewish antiquities. Jerusalem was the capital of the kingdom of Judah, and was built on the line dividing that tribe from the tribe of Benjamin. It was once called "Salem" Gen 14:18; Psa 76:2, and in the days of Abraham was the home of Melchizedek. When the Israelites took possession of the promised land, they found this stronghold in the possession of the Jebusites, by whom it was called Jebus or Jebusi, Jos 18:28.

The name "Jerusalem" was probably compounded of the two by changing a single letter, and calling it, for the sake of the sound, "Jerusalem" instead of "Jebusalem." The ancient Salem was probably built on Mount Moriah or Acra - the eastern and western mountains on which Jerusalem was subsequently built. When the Jebusites became masters of the place, they erected a fortress in the southern quarter of the city, which was subsequently called Mount Zion, but which they called "Jebus"; and although the Israelites took possession of the adjacent territory Jos 18:28, the Jebusites still held this fortress or upper town until the time of David, who wrested it from them Sa2 5:7-9, and then removed his court from Hebron to Jerusalem, which was thenceforward known as the city of David, Sa2 6:10, Sa2 6:12; Kg1 8:1. Jerusalem was built on several hills Mount Zion on the south, Mount Moriah on the east, upon which the temple was subsequently built (see the notes at Mat 21:12), Mount Acra on the west, and Mount Bezetha on the north.

Mount Moriah and Mount Zion were separated by a valley, called by Josephus the Valley of Cheesemongers, over which there was a bridge or raised way leading from the one to the other. On the southeast of Mount Moriah, and between that and Mount Zion, there was a bluff or high rock capable of strong fortification, called Ophel. The city was encompassed by hills. On the west there were hills which overlooked the city; on the south was the valley of Jehoshaphat, or the valley of Hinnom (see the notes at Mat 5:22), separating it from what is called the Mount of Corruption; on the east was the valley or the brook Kedron, dividing the city from the Mount of Olives. On the north the country was more level, though it was a broken or rolling country. On the southeast the valleys of the Kedron and Jehoshaphat united, and the waters flowed through the broken mountains in a southeasterly direction to the Dead Sea, some 15 miles distant.

The city of Jerusalem stands in 31 degrees 50 minutes north latitude, and 35 degrees 20 minutes east longitude from Greenwich. It is 34 miles southeasterly from Jaffa - the ancient Joppa which is its seaport, and 120 miles southwesterly from Damascus. The best view of the city of Jerusalem is from Mount Olivet on the east (compare the notes at Mat 21:1), the mountains in the east being somewhat higher than those on the west. The city was anciently enclosed within walls, a part of which are still standing. The position of the walls has been at various times changed, as the city has been larger or smaller, or as it has extended in different directions. The wall on the south formerly included the whole of Mount Zion, though the modern wall runs over the summit, including about half of the mountain. In the time of the Saviour the northern wall enclosed only Mounts Acra and Moriah north, though after his death Agrippa extended the wall so as to include Mount Bezetha on the north.

About half of that is included in the present wall. The limits of the city on the east and the west, being more determined by the nature of the place, have been more fixed and permanent. The city was watered in part by the fountain of Siloam on the east for a description of which, see the Luk 13:4 note, and Isa 7:3 note), and in part by the fountain of Gihon on the west of the city, which flowed into the vale of Jehoshaphat; and in the time of Solomon by an aqueduct, part of which is still remaining, by which water was brought from the vicinity of Bethlehem. The "pools of Solomon," three in number, one rising above another, and adapted to hold a large quantity of water, are still remaining in the vicinity of Bethlehem. The fountain of Siloam still flows freely (see the note at Isa 7:3)}}, though the fountain of Gihon is commonly dry. A reservoir or tank, however, remains at Gihon. Jerusalem had, probably, its highest degree of splendor in the time of Solomon. About 400 hundred years after, it was entirely destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar. It lay utterly desolate during the 70 years of the Jewish captivity.

Then it was rebuilt, and restored to some degree of its former magnificence, and remained about 600 years, when it was utterly destroyed by Titus in 70 a.d. In the reign of Adrian the city was partly rebuilt under the name of AElia. The monuments of Pagan idolatry were erected in it, and it remained under Pagan jurisdiction until Helena, the mother of Constantine, overthrew the memorials of idolatry, and erected a magnificent church over the spot which was supposed to be the place of the Redeemer's sufferings and bruial. Julian, the apostate, with the design to destroy the credit of the prophecy of the Saviour that the temple should remain in ruins Matt. 24, endeavored to rebuild the temple. His own historian, Ammianus Marcellinus (see Warburton's Divine Legation of Moses), says that the workmen were impeded by balls of fire coming from the earth, and that he was compelled to abandon the undertaking.

Jerusalem continued in the power of the Eastern emperors until the reign of the Caliph Omar, the third in succession from Mohammed, who reduced it under his control about the year 640. The Saracens continued masters of Jerusalem until the year 1099, when it was taken by the Crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon. They founded a new kingdom, of which Jerusalem was the capital, which continued eighty-eight years under nine kings. At last this kingdom was utterly ruined by Saladin; and though the Christians once more obtained possession of the city, yet they were obliged again to relinquish it. In 1217 the Saracens were expelled by the Turks, who have continued in possession of it ever since . Jerusalem has been taken and pillaged 17 times, and millions of people have been slaughtered within its walls. At present there is a splendid mosque - the mosque of Omar - on the site of the temple . The present population of Jerusalem (circa 1880's) is variously estimated at from 15,000 to 30,000 Turner estimates it at 26,000; Richard son, 20,000; Jowett, 15,000; Dr. Robinson at 11,000, namely, Muslims 4,500; Jews 3,000, Christians 3,500. - Biblical Researches, vol. ii. p. 83, 84.

The Jews have a number of synagogues. The Roman Catholics have a convent, and have the control of the church of the Holy Sepulchre. The Greeks have twelve convents; the Armenians have three convents on Mount Zion and one in the city; the Copts, Syrians, and Abyssinians have each of them one convent. The streets are narrow, and the houses are of stone, most of them low and irregular, with flat roofs or terraces, and with small windows only toward the street, usually protected by iron grates. The above description has been obtained from a great variety of sources, and it would be useless to refer to the works where the facts have been obtained.

The Scofield Bible Commentary, by Cyrus Ingerson Scofield, [1917]
Herod the king Called Herod the Great, son of Antipater, an Idumean (Gen 36:1). (See Scofield) - (Gen 36:1) and Cypros, an Arabian woman. Antipater was appointed procurator of Judea by Julius Caesar, B.C. 47. At the age of fifteen Herod was appointed to the government of Galilee. B.C. 40 the Roman senate made him king of Judea. An able, strong, and cruel man, he increased greatly the splendour of Jerusalem, erecting the temple which was the centre of Jewish worship in the time of our Lord.

Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent [1886]
Bethlehem Hebrew, House of Bread, probably from its fertility. The birthplace of him who calls himself the Bread of Life (Joh 6:35), and identified with the history of his human ancestry through Ruth, who was here married to Boaz, and was the ancestress of David (Mat 1:5, Mat 1:6), and through David himself, who was born there, and anointed king by Samuel (compare Luk 2:11, city of David). Wise men, or Magi (μάγοι) Wycliffe renders kings. A priestly caste among the Persians and Medes, which occupied itself principally with the secrets of nature, astrology, and medicine. Daniel became president of such an order in Babylon (Dan 2:48). The word became transferred, without distinction of country, to all who had devoted themselves to those sciences, which were, however, frequently accompanied with the practice of magic and jugglery; and, under the form magician, it has come to be naturalized in many of the languages of Europe. Many absurd traditions and guesses respecting these visitors to our Lord's cradle have found their way into popular belief and into Christian art. They were said to be kings, and three in number; they were said to be representatives of the three families of Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and therefore one of them is pictured as an Ethiopian; their names are given as Caspar, Balthasar, and Melchior, and their three skulls, said to have been discovered in the twelfth century by Bishop Reinald of Cologne, are exhibited in a priceless casket in the great cathedral of that city.

Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65]
Bethlehem of Judea - There was another Bethlehem in the tribe of Zebulon. In the days of Herod - commonly called Herod the Great, born at Ascalon. The sceptre was now on the point of departing from Judah. Among his sons were Archelaus, mentioned Mat 2:22; Herod Antipas, mentioned Mat 14:1; &c., and Philip, mentioned Luk 3:19. Herod Agrippa, mentioned Act 12:1; &c., was his grandson. Wise men - The first fruits of the Gentiles. Probably they were Gentile philosophers, who, through the Divine assistance, had improved their knowledge of nature, as a means of leading to the knowledge of the one true God. Nor is it unreasonable to suppose, that God had favoured them with some extraordinary revelations of himself, as he did Melchisedec, Job, and several others, who were not of the family of Abraham; to which he never intended absolutely to confine his favours. The title given them in the original was anciently given to all philosophers, or men of learning; those particularly who were curious in examining the works of nature, and observing the motions of the heavenly bodies. From the east - So Arabia is frequently called in Scripture. It lay to the east of Judea, and was famous for gold, frankincense, and myrrh. We have seen his star - Undoubtedly they had before heard Balaam's prophecy. And probably when they saw this unusual star, it was revealed to them that this prophecy was fulfilled. In the east - That is, while we were in the east.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826
Bethlehem of Judea - This city is mentioned in Jdg 17:7, and must be distinguished from another of the same name in the tribe of Zebulon, Jos 19:15. It is likewise called Ephrath, Gen 48:7, or Ephratah, Mic 5:2, and its inhabitants Ephrathites, Rut 1:2; Sa1 17:12. It is situated on the declivity of a hill, about six miles from Jerusalem. בית לחם Beth-lechem, in Hebrew, signifies the house of bread. And the name may be considered as very properly applied to that place where Jesus, the Messiah, the true bread that came down from heaven, was manifested, to give life to the world. But לחם lehem also signifies flesh, and is applied to that part of the sacrifice which was burnt upon the altar. See Lev 3:11-16; Lev 21:6. The word is also used to signify a carcass, Zep 1:17. The Arabic version has Beet lehem, and the Persic Beet allehem: but lehem, in Arabic, never signifies bread, but always means flesh. Hence it is more proper to consider the name as signifying the house of flesh, or, as some might suppose, the house of the incarnation, i.e. the place where God was manifested in the flesh for the salvation of a lost world. In the days of Herod the king - This was Herod, improperly denominated the Great, the son of Antipater, an Idumean: he reigned 37 years in Judea, reckoning from the - time he was created - king of that country by the Romans. Our blessed Lord was born in the last year of his reign; and, at this time, the scepter had literally departed from Judah, a foreigner being now upon the throne. As there are several princes of this name mentioned in the New Testament, it may be well to give a list of them here, together with their genealogy. Herod, the Great, married ten wives, by whom he had several children, Euseb. l. i. c. 9. p. 27. The first was Doris, thought to be an Idumean, whom he married when but a private individual; by her he had Antipater, the eldest of all his sons, whom he caused to be executed five days before his own death. His second wife was Mariamne, daughter to Hircanus, the sole surviving person of the Asmonean, or Maccabean, race. Herod put her to death. She was the mother of Alexander and Aristobulus, whom Herod had executed at Sebastia, (Joseph. Antiq. l. xvi. c. 13. - De Bello, l. i. c. 17), on an accusation of having entered into a conspiracy against him. Aristobulus left three children, whom I shall notice hereafter. His third wife was Mariamne, the daughter of Simon, a person of some note in Jerusalem, whom Herod made high priest, in order to obtain his daughter. She was the mother of Herod Philippus, or Herod Philip, and Salome. Herod or Philip married Herodias, mother to Salome, the famous dancer, who demanded the head of John the Baptist, Mar 6:22. Salome had been placed, in the will of Herod the Great, as second heir after Antipater; but her name was erased, when it was discovered that Mariamne, her mother, was an accomplice in the crimes of Antipater, son of Herod the Great. Joseph de Bello, lib. i. c. 18,19,20. His fourth wife was Malthake, a Samaritan, whose sons were Archelaus and Philip. The first enjoyed half his father's kingdom under the name of tetrarch, viz. Idumea, Judea, and Samaria: Joseph. Antiq. l. xvii. c. 11. He reigned nine years; but, being accused and arraigned before the Emperor Augustus, he was banished to Vienna, where he died: Joseph. Antiq. l. xvii. c. 15. This is the Archelaus mentioned in Mat 2:22. His brother Philip married Salome, the famous dancer, the daughter of Herodias; he died without children, and she was afterwards married to Aristobulus. The fifth wife of Herod the Great was Cleopatra of Jerusalem. She was the mother of Herod surnamed Antipas, who married Herodias, the wife of his brother Philip, while he was still living. Being reproved for this act by John the Baptist, Mat 14:3; Mar 6:17; Luk 3:19, and having imprisoned this holy man, he caused him to be beheaded, agreeable to the promise he had rashly made to the daughter of his wife Herodias, who had pleased him with her dancing. He attempted to seize the person of Jesus Christ, and to put him to death. It was to this prince that Pilate sent our Lord, Luk 13:31, Luk 13:32. He was banished to Lyons, and then to Spain, where both he and his wife Herodias died. Joseph. Antiq. l. xv. c. 14. - De Bello, l. ii. c. 8. The sixth wife of Herod the Great was Pallas, by whom he had Phasaelus: his history is no ways connected with the New Testament. The seventh was named Phoedra, the mother of Roxana, who married the son of Pheroras. The eighth was Elpida, mother of Salome, who married another son of Pheroras. With the names of two other wives of Herod we are not acquainted; but they are not connected with our history, any more than are Pallas, Phoedra, and Elpida, whose names I merely notice to avoid the accusation of inaccuracy. Aristobulus, the son of Herod the Great by Mariamne, a descendant of the Asmoneans, left two sons and a daughter, viz. Agrippa, Herod, and Herodias, so famous for her incestuous marriage with Antipas, in the life-time of his brother Philip. Agrippa, otherwise named Herod, who was imprisoned by Tiberius for something he had inconsiderately said against him, was released from prison by Caligula, who made him king of Judea: Joseph. Antiq. l. xviii. c. 8. It was this prince who put St. James to death, and imprisoned Peter, as mentioned in 12. of Acts. He died at Caesarea, in the way mentioned in the Acts, as well as by Josephus, Antiq. l. xix. c. 7. He left a son named Agrippa, who is mentioned below. Herod, the second son of Aristobulus, was king of Chalcis, and, after the death of his brother, obtained permission of the emperor to keep the ornaments belonging to the high priest, and to nominate whom he pleased to that office: Joseph. Antiq. l. xx. c. 1. He had a son named Aristobulus, to whom Nero gave Armenia the lesser, and who married Salome, the famous dancer, daughter to Herodias. Agrippa, son of Herod Agrippa, king of Judea, and grandson to Aristobulus and Mariamne; he was at first king of Chalcis, and afterwards tetrarch of Galilee, in the room of his uncle Philip: Joseph. Antiq. l. xx. c. 5. It was before him, his sister Berenice, and Felix, who had married Drusilla, Agrippa's second daughter, that St. Paul pleaded his cause, as mentioned Acts 26. Herodias, the daughter of Mariamne and Aristobulus, is the person of whom we have already spoken, who married successively the two brothers Philip and Antipas, her uncles, and who occasioned the death of John the Baptist. By her first husband she had Salome, the dancer, who was married to Philip, tetrarch of the Trachonitis, the son of Herod the Great. Salome having had no children by him, she was married to Aristobulus, her cousin-german, son of Herod, king of Chalcis, and brother to Agrippa and Herodias: she had by this husband several children. This is nearly all that is necessary to be known relative to the race of the Herods, in order to distinguish the particular persons of this family mentioned in the New Testament. See Basnage, Calmet, and Josephus. There came wise men from the east - Or, Magi came from the eastern countries. "The Jews believed that there were prophets in the kingdom of Saba and Arabia, who were of the posterity of Abraham by Keturah; and that they taught in the name of God, what they had received in tradition from the mouth of Abraham." - Whitby. That many Jews were mixed with this people there is little doubt; and that these eastern magi, or philosophers, astrologers, or whatever else they were, might have been originally of that class, there is room to believe. These, knowing the promise of the Messiah, were now, probably, like other believing Jews, waiting for the consolation of Israel. The Persic translator renders the Greek Μαγοι by mejooseean, which properly signifies a worshipper of fire; and from which we have our word magician. It is very probable that the ancient Persians, who were considered as worshippers of fire, only honored it as the symbolical representation of the Deity; and, seeing this unusual appearance, might consider it as a sign that the God they worshipped was about to manifest himself among men. Therefore they say, We have seen his star - and are come to worship him; but it is most likely that the Greeks made their Μαγοι magi, which we translate wise men, from the Persian mogh, and moghan, which the Kushuf ul Loghat, a very eminent Persian lexicon, explains by atush perest, a worshipper of fire; which the Persians suppose all the inhabitants of Ur in Chaldea were, among whom the Prophet Abraham was brought up. The Mohammedans apply this title by way of derision to Christian monks in their associate capacity; and by a yet stronger catachresis, they apply it to a tavern, and the people that frequent it. Also, to ridicule in the most forcible manner the Christian priesthood, they call the tavern-keeper, peeri Mughan, the priest, or chief of the idolaters. It is very probable that the persons mentioned by the evangelist were a sort of astrologers, probably of Jewish extraction, that they lived in Arabia-Felix, and, for the reasons above given, came to worship their new-born sovereign. It is worthy of remark, that the Anglo-saxon translates the word Μαγοι by astrologers, from a star or planet, and to know or understand.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826

Bethlehem of Judea - This city is mentioned in Jdg 17:7, and must be distinguished from another of the same name in the tribe of Zebulon, Jos 19:15. It is likewise called Ephrath, Gen 48:7, or Ephratah, Mic 5:2, and its inhabitants Ephrathites, Rut 1:2; Sa1 17:12. It is situated on the declivity of a hill, about six miles from Jerusalem. בית לחם Beth-lechem, in Hebrew, signifies the house of bread. And the name may be considered as very properly applied to that place where Jesus, the Messiah, the true bread that came down from heaven, was manifested, to give life to the world. But לחם lehem also signifies flesh, and is applied to that part of the sacrifice which was burnt upon the altar. See Lev 3:11-16; Lev 21:6. The word is also used to signify a carcass, Zep 1:17. The Arabic version has Beet lehem, and the Persic Beet allehem: but lehem, in Arabic, never signifies bread, but always means flesh. Hence it is more proper to consider the name as signifying the house of flesh, or, as some might suppose, the house of the incarnation, i.e. the place where God was manifested in the flesh for the salvation of a lost world.

In the days of Herod the king - This was Herod, improperly denominated the Great, the son of Antipater, an Idumean: he reigned 37 years in Judea, reckoning from the - time he was created - king of that country by the Romans. Our blessed Lord was born in the last year of his reign; and, at this time, the scepter had literally departed from Judah, a foreigner being now upon the throne.

As there are several princes of this name mentioned in the New Testament, it may be well to give a list of them here, together with their genealogy.

Herod, the Great, married ten wives, by whom he had several children, Euseb. l. i. c. 9. p. 27. The first was Doris, thought to be an Idumean, whom he married when but a private individual; by her he had Antipater, the eldest of all his sons, whom he caused to be executed five days before his own death.

His second wife was Mariamne, daughter to Hircanus, the sole surviving person of the Asmonean, or Maccabean, race. Herod put her to death. She was the mother of Alexander and Aristobulus, whom Herod had executed at Sebastia, (Joseph. Antiq. l. xvi. c. 13. - De Bello, l. i. c. 17), on an accusation of having entered into a conspiracy against him. Aristobulus left three children, whom I shall notice hereafter.

His third wife was Mariamne, the daughter of Simon, a person of some note in Jerusalem, whom Herod made high priest, in order to obtain his daughter. She was the mother of Herod Philippus, or Herod Philip, and Salome. Herod or Philip married Herodias, mother to Salome, the famous dancer, who demanded the head of John the Baptist, Mar 6:22. Salome had been placed, in the will of Herod the Great, as second heir after Antipater; but her name was erased, when it was discovered that Mariamne, her mother, was an accomplice in the crimes of Antipater, son of Herod the Great. Joseph de Bello, lib. i. c. 18,19,20.

His fourth wife was Malthake, a Samaritan, whose sons were Archelaus and Philip. The first enjoyed half his father's kingdom under the name of tetrarch, viz. Idumea, Judea, and Samaria: Joseph. Antiq. l. xvii. c. 11. He reigned nine years; but, being accused and arraigned before the Emperor Augustus, he was banished to Vienna, where he died: Joseph. Antiq. l. xvii. c. 15. This is the Archelaus mentioned in Mat 2:22.

His brother Philip married Salome, the famous dancer, the daughter of Herodias; he died without children, and she was afterwards married to Aristobulus.

The fifth wife of Herod the Great was Cleopatra of Jerusalem. She was the mother of Herod surnamed Antipas, who married Herodias, the wife of his brother Philip, while he was still living. Being reproved for this act by John the Baptist, Mat 14:3; Mar 6:17; Luk 3:19, and having imprisoned this holy man, he caused him to be beheaded, agreeable to the promise he had rashly made to the daughter of his wife Herodias, who had pleased him with her dancing. He attempted to seize the person of Jesus Christ, and to put him to death. It was to this prince that Pilate sent our Lord, Luk 13:31, Luk 13:32. He was banished to Lyons, and then to Spain, where both he and his wife Herodias died. Joseph. Antiq. l. xv. c. 14. - De Bello, l. ii. c. 8.

The sixth wife of Herod the Great was Pallas, by whom he had Phasaelus: his history is no ways connected with the New Testament.

The seventh was named Phoedra, the mother of Roxana, who married the son of Pheroras.

The eighth was Elpida, mother of Salome, who married another son of Pheroras.

With the names of two other wives of Herod we are not acquainted; but they are not connected with our history, any more than are Pallas, Phoedra, and Elpida, whose names I merely notice to avoid the accusation of inaccuracy.

Aristobulus, the son of Herod the Great by Mariamne, a descendant of the Asmoneans, left two sons and a daughter, viz. Agrippa, Herod, and Herodias, so famous for her incestuous marriage with Antipas, in the life-time of his brother Philip.

Agrippa, otherwise named Herod, who was imprisoned by Tiberius for something he had inconsiderately said against him, was released from prison by Caligula, who made him king of Judea: Joseph. Antiq. l. xviii. c. 8. It was this prince who put St. James to death, and imprisoned Peter, as mentioned in 12. of Acts. He died at Caesarea, in the way mentioned in the Acts, as well as by Josephus, Antiq. l. xix. c. 7. He left a son named Agrippa, who is mentioned below.

Herod, the second son of Aristobulus, was king of Chalcis, and, after the death of his brother, obtained permission of the emperor to keep the ornaments belonging to the high priest, and to nominate whom he pleased to that office: Joseph. Antiq. l. xx. c. 1. He had a son named Aristobulus, to whom Nero gave Armenia the lesser, and who married Salome, the famous dancer, daughter to Herodias.

Agrippa, son of Herod Agrippa, king of Judea, and grandson to Aristobulus and Mariamne; he was at first king of Chalcis, and afterwards tetrarch of Galilee, in the room of his uncle Philip: Joseph. Antiq. l. xx. c. 5. It was before him, his sister Berenice, and Felix, who had married Drusilla, Agrippa's second daughter, that St. Paul pleaded his cause, as mentioned Acts 26.

Herodias, the daughter of Mariamne and Aristobulus, is the person of whom we have already spoken, who married successively the two brothers Philip and Antipas, her uncles, and who occasioned the death of John the Baptist. By her first husband she had Salome, the dancer, who was married to Philip, tetrarch of the Trachonitis, the son of Herod the Great. Salome having had no children by him, she was married to Aristobulus, her cousin-german, son of Herod, king of Chalcis, and brother to Agrippa and Herodias: she had by this husband several children.

This is nearly all that is necessary to be known relative to the race of the Herods, in order to distinguish the particular persons of this family mentioned in the New Testament. See Basnage, Calmet, and Josephus.

There came wise men from the east - Or, Magi came from the eastern countries. "The Jews believed that there were prophets in the kingdom of Saba and Arabia, who were of the posterity of Abraham by Keturah; and that they taught in the name of God, what they had received in tradition from the mouth of Abraham." - Whitby. That many Jews were mixed with this people there is little doubt; and that these eastern magi, or philosophers, astrologers, or whatever else they were, might have been originally of that class, there is room to believe. These, knowing the promise of the Messiah, were now, probably, like other believing Jews, waiting for the consolation of Israel. The Persic translator renders the Greek Μαγοι by mejooseean, which properly signifies a worshipper of fire; and from which we have our word magician. It is very probable that the ancient Persians, who were considered as worshippers of fire, only honored it as the symbolical representation of the Deity; and, seeing this unusual appearance, might consider it as a sign that the God they worshipped was about to manifest himself among men. Therefore they say, We have seen his star - and are come to worship him; but it is most likely that the Greeks made their Μαγοι magi, which we translate wise men, from the Persian mogh, and moghan, which the Kushuf ul Loghat, a very eminent Persian lexicon, explains by atush perest, a worshipper of fire; which the Persians suppose all the inhabitants of Ur in Chaldea were, among whom the Prophet Abraham was brought up. The Mohammedans apply this title by way of derision to Christian monks in their associate capacity; and by a yet stronger catachresis, they apply it to a tavern, and the people that frequent it. Also, to ridicule in the most forcible manner the Christian priesthood, they call the tavern-keeper, peeri Mughan, the priest, or chief of the idolaters. It is very probable that the persons mentioned by the evangelist were a sort of astrologers, probably of Jewish extraction, that they lived in Arabia-Felix, and, for the reasons above given, came to worship their new-born sovereign. It is worthy of remark, that the Anglo-saxon translates the word Μαγοι by astrologers, from a star or planet, and to know or understand.

Top

²⁴ Seventy [07657] weeks [07620] are determined [02852] upon thy people [05971] and upon thy holy [06944] city [05892], to finish [03607] the transgression [06588], and to make an end [08552] [02856] of sins [02403], and to make reconciliation [03722] for iniquity [05771], and to bring in [0935] everlasting [05769] righteousness [06664], and to seal up [02856] the vision [02377] and prophecy [05030], and to anoint [04886] the most [06944] Holy [06944].

¹⁷ I shall see [07200] him, but not now: I shall behold [07789] him, but not nigh [07138]: there shall come [01869] a Star [03556] out of Jacob [03290], and a Sceptre [07626] shall rise [06965] out of Israel [03478], and shall smite [04272] the corners [06285] of Moab [04124], and destroy [06979] all the children [01121] of Sheth [08352] [08351].

¹⁰ The sceptre [07626] shall not depart [05493] from Judah [03063], nor a lawgiver [02710] from between his feet [07272], until [03588] Shiloh [07886] come [0935]; and unto him shall the gathering [03349] of the people [05971] be.

¹ And [1161] it came to pass [1096] in [1722] those [1565] days [2250], that there went out [1831] a decree [1378] from [3844] Caesar [2541] Augustus [828], that all [3956] the world [3625] should be taxed [583].
² (And this [3778] taxing [582] was [1096] first [4413] made [1096] when Cyrenius [2958] was governor [2230] of Syria [4947].)
³ And [2532] all [3956] went [4198] to be taxed [583], every one [1538] into [1519] his own [2398] city [4172].
⁴ And [1161] Joseph [2501] also [2532] went up [305] from [575] Galilee [1056], out of [1537] the city [4172] of Nazareth [3478], into [1519] Judaea [2449], unto [1519] the city [4172] of David [1138], which [3748] is called [2564] Bethlehem [965]; (because [1223] he [846] was [1511] of [1537] the house [3624] and [2532] lineage [3965] of David [1138]:)
⁵ To be taxed [583] with [4862] Mary [3137] his [846] espoused [3423] wife [1135], being [5607] great with child [1471].
⁶ And [1161] so it was [1096], that, while [1722] they [846] were [1511] there [1563], the days [2250] were accomplished [4130] that she [846] should be delivered [5088].

² But thou, Bethlehem [01035] Ephratah [0672], though thou be little [06810] among the thousands [0505] of Judah [03063], yet out of thee shall he come forth [03318] unto me that is to be ruler [04910] in Israel [03478]; whose goings forth [04163] have been from of old [06924], from everlasting [03117] [05769].

¹⁶ And they journeyed [05265] from Bethel [01008]; and there was but [05750] a little [03530] way [0776] to come [0935] to Ephrath [0672]: and Rachel [07354] travailed [03205], and she had hard [07185] labour [03205].

⁷ And there was a young man [05288] out of Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063] of the family [04940] of Judah [03063], who was a Levite [03881], and he sojourned [01481] there.

¹⁵ And Kattath [07005], and Nahallal [05096], and Shimron [08110], and Idalah [03030], and Bethlehem [01035]: twelve [08147] [06240] cities [05892] with their villages [02691].

¹ Now [1161] when Jesus [2424] was born [1080] in [1722] Bethlehem [965] of Judaea [2449] in [1722] the days [2250] of Herod [2264] the king [935], behold [2400], there came [3854] wise men [3097] from [575] the east [395] to [1519] Jerusalem [2414],
² Saying [3004], Where [4226] is [2076] he that is born [5088] King [935] of the Jews [2453]? for [1063] we have seen [1492] his [846] star [792] in [1722] the east [395], and [2532] are come [2064] to worship [4352] him [846].
³ When [1161] Herod [2264] the king [935] had heard [191] these things, he was troubled [5015], and [2532] all [3956] Jerusalem [2414] with [3326] him [846].
⁴ And [2532] when he had gathered [4863] all [3956] the chief priests [749] and [2532] scribes [1122] of the people [2992] together [4863], he demanded [4441] of [3844] them [846] where [4226] Christ [5547] should be born [1080].
⁵ And [1161] they said [2036] unto him [846], In [1722] Bethlehem [965] of Judaea [2449]: for [1063] thus [3779] it is written [1125] by [1223] the prophet [4396],
⁶ And [2532] thou [4771] Bethlehem [965], in the land [1093] of Juda [2448], art [1488] not [3760] the least [1646] among [1722] the princes [2232] of Juda [2448]: for [1063] out of [1537] thee [4675] shall come [1831] a Governor [2233], that [3748] shall rule [4165] my [3450] people [2992] Israel [2474].
⁷ Then [5119] Herod [2264], when he had privily [2977] called [2564] the wise men [3097], enquired [198] of [3844] them [846] diligently [198] what time [5550] the star [792] appeared [5316].
⁸ And [2532] he sent [3992] them [846] to [1519] Bethlehem [965], and said [2036], Go [4198] and search [1833] diligently [199] for [4012] the young child [3813]; and [1161] when [1875] ye have found [2147] him, bring [518] me [3427] word again [518], that [3704] I may come [2064] and worship [4352] him [846] also [2504].
⁹ When [1161] they had heard [191] the king [935], they departed [4198]; and [2532], lo [2400], the star [792], which [3739] they saw [1492] in [1722] the east [395], went before [4254] them [846], till [2193] it came [2064] and stood [2476] over [1883] where [3757] the young child [3813] was [2258].
¹⁰ When [1161] they saw [1492] the star [792], they rejoiced [5463] with exceeding [4970] great [3173] joy [5479].
¹¹ And [2532] when they were come [2064] into [1519] the house [3614], they saw [2147] [1492] the young child [3813] with [3326] Mary [3137] his [846] mother [3384], and [2532] fell down [4098], and worshipped [4352] him [846]: and [2532] when they had opened [455] their [846] treasures [2344], they presented [4374] unto him [846] gifts [1435]; gold [5557], and [2532] frankincense [3030], and [2532] myrrh [4666].
¹² And [2532] being warned of God [5537] in [2596] a dream [3677] that they should [344] not [3361] return [344] to [4314] Herod [2264], they departed [402] into [1519] their own [846] country [5561] another [1223] [243] way [3598].

³ Then said [0559] the LORD [03068] unto Isaiah [03470], Go forth [03318] now to meet [07125] Ahaz [0271], thou, and Shearjashub [07610] thy son [01121], at the end [07097] of the conduit [08585] of the upper [05945] pool [01295] in the highway [04546] of the fuller's [03526] field [07704];

⁴ Or [2228] those [1565] eighteen [1176] [2532] [3638], upon [1909] whom [3739] the tower [4444] in [1722] Siloam [4611] fell [4098], and [2532] slew [615] them [846], think ye [1380] that [3754] they [3778] were [1096] sinners [3781] above [3844] all [3956] men [444] that dwelt [2730] in [1722] Jerusalem [2419]?

¹ And [2532] when [3753] they drew nigh [1448] unto [1519] Jerusalem [2414], and [2532] were come [2064] to [1519] Bethphage [967], unto [4314] the mount [3735] of Olives [1636], then [5119] sent [649] Jesus [2424] two [1417] disciples [3101],

²² But [1161] I [1473] say [3004] unto you [5213], That [3754] whosoever [3956] is angry [3710] with his [846] brother [80] without a cause [1500] shall be [2071] in danger [1777] of the judgment [2920]: and [1161] whosoever [3739] [302] shall say [2036] to his [846] brother [80], Raca [4469], shall be [2071] in danger [1777] of the council [4892]: but [1161] whosoever [3739] [302] shall say [2036], Thou fool [3474], shall be [2071] in danger [1777] of [1519] hell [1067] fire [4442].

¹² And [2532] Jesus [2424] went [1525] into [1519] the temple [2411] of God [2316], and [2532] cast out [1544] all them [3956] that sold [4453] and [2532] bought [59] in [1722] the temple [2411], and [2532] overthrew [2690] the tables [5132] of the moneychangers [2855], and [2532] the seats [2515] of them that sold [4453] doves [4058],

¹ Then Solomon [08010] assembled [06950] the elders [02205] of Israel [03478], and all the heads [07218] of the tribes [04294], the chief [05387] of the fathers [01] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478], unto king [04428] Solomon [08010] in Jerusalem [03389], that they might bring up [05927] the ark [0727] of the covenant [01285] of the LORD [03068] out of the city [05892] of David [01732], which is Zion [06726].

¹² And it was told [05046] king [04428] David [01732], saying [0559], The LORD [03068] hath blessed [01288] the house [01004] of Obededom [05654], and all that pertaineth unto him, because of the ark [0727] of God [0430]. So David [01732] went [03212] and brought up [05927] the ark [0727] of God [0430] from the house [01004] of Obededom [05654] into the city [05892] of David [01732] with gladness [08057].

¹⁰ So David [01732] would [014] not remove [05493] the ark [0727] of the LORD [03068] unto him into the city [05892] of David [01732]: but David [01732] carried it aside [05186] into the house [01004] of Obededom [05654] the Gittite [01663].

⁷ Nevertheless David [01732] took [03920] the strong hold [04686] of Zion [06726]: the same is the city [05892] of David [01732].
⁸ And David [01732] said [0559] on that day [03117], Whosoever getteth up [05060] to the gutter [06794], and smiteth [05221] the Jebusites [02983], and the lame [06455] and the blind [05787], that are hated [08130] of David's [01732] soul [05315], he shall be chief and captain. Wherefore they said [0559], The blind [05787] and the lame [06455] shall not come [0935] into the house [01004].
⁹ So David [01732] dwelt [03427] in the fort [04686], and called [07121] it the city [05892] of David [01732]. And David [01732] built [01129] round about [05439] from Millo [04407] and inward [01004].

²⁸ And Zelah [06762], Eleph [0507], and Jebusi [02983], which is Jerusalem [03389], Gibeath [01394], and Kirjath [07157]; fourteen [0702] [06240] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]. This is the inheritance [05159] of the children [01121] of Benjamin [01144] according to their families [04940].

² In Salem [08004] also is his tabernacle [05520], and his dwelling place [04585] in Zion [06726].

¹⁸ And Melchizedek [04442] king [04428] of Salem [08004] brought forth [03318] bread [03899] and wine [03196]: and he was the priest [03548] of the most high [05945] God [0410].

¹⁵ And Kattath [07005], and Nahallal [05096], and Shimron [08110], and Idalah [03030], and Bethlehem [01035]: twelve [08147] [06240] cities [05892] with their villages [02691].

¹⁸ Then answered [06030] one [0259] of the servants [05288], and said [0559], Behold, I have seen [07200] a son [01121] of Jesse [03448] the Bethlehemite [01022], that is cunning [03045] in playing [05059], and a mighty [01368] valiant man [02428], and a man [0376] of war [04421], and prudent [0995] in matters [01697], and a comely [08389] person [0376], and the LORD [03068] is with him.

¹ And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto Samuel [08050], How long wilt thou mourn [056] for Saul [07586], seeing I have rejected [03988] him from reigning [04427] over Israel [03478]? fill [04390] thine horn [07161] with oil [08081], and go [03212], I will send [07971] thee to Jesse [03448] the Bethlehemite [01022]: for I have provided [07200] me a king [04428] among his sons [01121].

⁴ And [1161] Joseph [2501] also [2532] went up [305] from [575] Galilee [1056], out of [1537] the city [4172] of Nazareth [3478], into [1519] Judaea [2449], unto [1519] the city [4172] of David [1138], which [3748] is called [2564] Bethlehem [965]; (because [1223] he [846] was [1511] of [1537] the house [3624] and [2532] lineage [3965] of David [1138]:)

⁶ Lo, we heard [08085] of it at Ephratah [0672]: we found [04672] it in the fields [07704] of the wood [03293].

¹¹ And all the people [05971] that were in the gate [08179], and the elders [02205], said [0559], We are witnesses [05707]. The LORD [03068] make [05414] the woman [0802] that is come [0935] into thine house [01004] like Rachel [07354] and like Leah [03812], which two [08147] did build [01129] the house [01004] of Israel [03478]: and do [06213] thou worthily [02428] in Ephratah [0672], and be famous [07121] [08034] in Bethlehem [01035]:

¹⁹ And Rachel [07354] died [04191], and was buried [06912] in the way [01870] to Ephrath [0672], which is Bethlehem [01035].

¹ Now these are the generations [08435] of Esau [06215], who is Edom [0123].

⁴⁸ Then [0116] the king [04430] made [07236] Daniel [01841] a great man [07236], and gave [03052] him many [07690] great [07260] gifts [04978], and made him ruler [07981] over [05922] the whole [03606] province [04083] of Babylon [0895], and chief [07229] of the governors [05460] over [05922] all [03606] the wise [02445] men of Babylon [0895].

¹¹ For [3754] unto you [5213] is born [5088] this day [4594] in [1722] the city [4172] of David [1138] a Saviour [4990], which [3739] is [2076] Christ [5547] the Lord [2962].

⁶ And [1161] Jesse [2421] begat [1080] David [1138] the king [935]; and [1161] David [1138] the king [935] begat [1080] Solomon [4672] of [1537] her [3588] that had been the wife of Urias [3774];

⁵ And [1161] Salmon [4533] begat [1080] Booz [1003] of [1537] Rachab [4477]; and [1161] Booz [1003] begat [1080] Obed [5601] of [1537] Ruth [4503]; and [1161] Obed [5601] begat [1080] Jesse [2421];

³⁵ And [1161] Jesus [2424] said [2036] unto them [846], I [1473] am [1510] the bread [740] of life [2222]: he that cometh [2064] to [4314] me [3165] shall never [3364] hunger [3983]; and [2532] he that believeth [4100] on [1519] me [1691] shall [1372] never [3364] [4455] thirst [1372].

¹ Now [1161] about [2596] that [1565] time [2540] Herod [2264] the king [935] stretched forth [1911] his hands [5495] to vex [2559] certain [5100] of [575] the church [1577].

¹⁹ But [1161] Herod [2264] the tetrarch [5076], being reproved [1651] by [5259] him [846] for [4012] Herodias [2266] his [846] brother [80] Philip's [5376] wife [1135], and [2532] for [4012] all [3956] the evils [4190] which [3739] Herod [2264] had done [4160],

¹ At [1722] that [1565] time [2540] Herod [2264] the tetrarch [5076] heard [191] of the fame [189] of Jesus [2424],

²² But [1161] when he heard [191] that [3754] Archelaus [745] did reign [936] in [1909] Judaea [2449] in the room [473] of his [846] father [3962] Herod [2264], he was afraid [5399] to go [565] thither [1563]: notwithstanding [1161], being warned of God [5537] in [2596] a dream [3677], he turned aside [402] into [1519] the parts [3313] of Galilee [1056]:

³² And [2532] he said [2036] unto them [846], Go ye [4198], and tell [2036] that [5026] fox [258], Behold [2400], I cast out [1544] devils [1140], and [2532] I do [2005] cures [2392] to day [4594] and [2532] to morrow [839], and [2532] the third [5154] day I shall be perfected [5048].

³¹ The same [1722] [846] day [2250] there came [4334] certain [5100] of the Pharisees [5330], saying [3004] unto him [846], Get thee out [1831], and [2532] depart [4198] hence [1782]: for [3754] Herod [2264] will [2309] kill [615] thee [4571].

¹⁷ For [1063] Herod [2264] himself [846] had sent forth [649] and laid hold [2902] upon John [2491], and [2532] bound [1210] him [846] in [1722] prison [5438] for [1223] Herodias [2266]' sake [1223], his [846] brother [80] Philip's [5376] wife [1135]: for [3754] he had married [1060] her [846].

³ For [1063] Herod [2264] had laid hold [2902] on John [2491], and bound [1210] him [846], and [2532] put [5087] him in [1722] prison [5438] for [1223] Herodias' [2266] sake [1223], his [846] brother [80] Philip's [5376] wife [1135].

²² And [2532] when the daughter [2364] of the said [846] Herodias [2266] came in [1525], and [2532] danced [3738], and [2532] pleased [700] Herod [2264] and [2532] them that sat with him [4873], the king [935] said [2036] unto the damsel [2877], Ask [154] of me [3165] whatsoever [3739] [1437] thou wilt [2309], and [2532] I will give [1325] it thee [4671].

¹⁷ And I will bring distress [06887] upon men [0120], that they shall walk [01980] like blind men [05787], because they have sinned [02398] against the LORD [03068]: and their blood [01818] shall be poured out [08210] as dust [06083], and their flesh [03894] as the dung [01561].

⁶ They shall be holy [06944] unto their God [0430], and not profane [02490] the name [08034] of their God [0430]: for the offerings [0801] of the LORD [03068] made by fire [0801], and the bread [03899] of their God [0430], they do offer [07126]: therefore they shall be holy [06918].

¹¹ And the priest [03548] shall burn [06999] it upon the altar [04196]: it is the food [03899] of the offering made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068].
¹² And if his offering [07133] be a goat [05795], then he shall offer [07126] it before [06440] the LORD [03068].
¹³ And he shall lay [05564] his hand [03027] upon the head [07218] of it, and kill [07819] it before [06440] the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150]: and the sons [01121] of Aaron [0175] shall sprinkle [02236] the blood [01818] thereof upon the altar [04196] round about [05439].
¹⁴ And he shall offer [07126] thereof his offering [07133], even an offering made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068]; the fat [02459] that covereth [03680] the inwards [07130], and all the fat [02459] that is upon the inwards [07130],
¹⁵ And the two [08147] kidneys [03629], and the fat [02459] that is upon them, which is by the flanks [03689], and the caul [03508] above the liver [03516], with the kidneys [03629], it shall he take away [05493].
¹⁶ And the priest [03548] shall burn [06999] them upon the altar [04196]: it is the food [03899] of the offering made by fire [0801] for a sweet [05207] savour [07381]: all the fat [02459] is the LORD'S [03068].

¹² Now David [01732] was the son [01121] of that Ephrathite [0376] [0673] of Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063], whose name [08034] was Jesse [03448]; and he had eight [08083] sons [01121]: and the man [0376] went [0935] among men [0582] for an old man [02204] in the days [03117] of Saul [07586].

² And the name [08034] of the man [0376] was Elimelech [0458], and the name [08034] of his wife [0802] Naomi [05281], and the name [08034] of his two [08147] sons [01121] Mahlon [04248] and Chilion [03630], Ephrathites [0673] of Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063]. And they came [0935] into the country [07704] of Moab [04124], and continued there.

⁷ And as for me, when I came [0935] from Padan [06307], Rachel [07354] died [04191] by me in the land [0776] of Canaan [03667] in the way [01870], when [05750] yet there was but a little [03530] way [0776] to come [0935] unto Ephrath [0672]: and I buried her [06912] there in the way [01870] of Ephrath [0672]; the same is Bethlehem [01035].

¹⁵ And Kattath [07005], and Nahallal [05096], and Shimron [08110], and Idalah [03030], and Bethlehem [01035]: twelve [08147] [06240] cities [05892] with their villages [02691].

⁷ And there was a young man [05288] out of Bethlehemjudah [01035] [03063] of the family [04940] of Judah [03063], who was a Levite [03881], and he sojourned [01481] there.