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Selected Verse: Matthew 12:40 - Strong Concordance

Verse	Translation	Text
Mt 12:40	Strong Concordance	For [1063] as [5618] Jonas [2495] was [2258] three [5140] days [2250] and [2532] three [5140] nights [3571] in [1722] the whale's [2785] belly [2836]; so [3779] shall the Son [5207] of man [444] be [2071] three [5140] days [2250] and [2532] three [5140] nights [3571] in [1722] the heart [2588] of the earth [1093].
	King James	For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.

Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse

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A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]
For as Jonas was--"a sign unto the Ninevites, so shall also the Son of man be to this generation" (Luk 11:30). For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly-- (Jon 1:17). so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth--This was the second public announcement of His resurrection three days after His death. (For the first, see Joh 2:19). Jonah's case was analogous to this, as being a signal judgment of God; reversed in three days; and followed by a glorious mission to the Gentiles. The expression "in the heart of the earth," suggested by the expression of Jonah with respect to the sea (Jon 2:3, in the Septuagint), means simply the grave, but this considered as the most emphatic expression of real and total entombment. The period during which He was to lie in the grave is here expressed in round numbers, according to the Jewish way of speaking, which was to regard any part of a day, however small, included within a period of days, as a full day. (See Sa1 30:12-13; Est 4:16; Est 5:1; Mat 27:63-64, &c.).

A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882]

For as Jonas was--"a sign unto the Ninevites, so shall also the Son of man be to this generation" (Luk 11:30). For as Jonas was

three days and three nights in the whale's belly-- (Jon 1:17).

so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth--This was the second public announcement of His resurrection three days after His death. (For the first, see Joh 2:19). Jonah's case was analogous to this, as being a signal judgment of God; reversed in three days; and followed by a glorious mission to the Gentiles. The expression "in the heart of the earth," suggested by the expression of Jonah with respect to the sea (Jon 2:3, in the Septuagint), means simply the grave, but this considered as the most emphatic expression of real and total entombment. The period during which He was to lie in the grave is here expressed in round numbers, according to the Jewish way of speaking, which was to regard any part of a day, however small, included within a period of days, as a full day. (See Sa1 30:12-13; Est 4:16; Est 5:1; Mat 27:63-64, &c.).

Vincent's Word Studies, by Marvin R. Vincent [1886]
The whale (τοῦ κήτους) A general term for a sea-monster.

Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65]
Three days and three nights - It was customary with the eastern nations to reckon any part of a natural day of twenty - four hours, for the whole day. Accordingly they used to say a thing was done after three or seven days, if it was done on the third or seventh day, from that which was last mentioned. Instances of this may be seen, Kg1 20:29; and in many other places. And as the Hebrews had no word to express a natural day, they used night and day, or day and night for it. So that to say a thing happened after three days and three nights, was with them the very same, as to say, it happened after three days, or on the third day. See Est 4:16; Est 5:1; Gen 7:4, Gen 7:12; Exo 24:18; Exo 34:28. Jon 2:1.

Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826
Three days and three nights - Our Lord rose from the grave on the day but one after his crucifixion: so that, in the computation in this verse, the part of the day on which he was crucified, and the part of that on which he rose again, are severally estimated as an entire day; and this, no doubt, exactly corresponded to the time in which Jonah was in the belly of the fish. Our Lord says, As Jonah was, so shall the Son of man be, etc. Evening and morning, or night and day, is the Hebrew phrase for a natural day, which the Greeks termed νυχθημερον, nuchthemeron. The very same quantity of time which is here termed three days and three nights, and which, in reality, was only one whole day, a part of two others, and two whole nights, is termed three days and three nights, in the book of Esther: Go; neither eat nor drink Three Days, Night or Day, and so I will go in unto the king: Est 4:16. Afterwards it follows, Est 5:1. On the Third Day, Esther stood in the inner court of the king's house. Many examples might be produced, from both the sacred and profane writers, in vindication of the propriety of the expression in the text. For farther satisfaction, the reader, if he please, may consult Whitby and Wakefield, and take the following from Lightfoot. "I. The Jewish writers extend that memorable station of the unmoving sun, at Joshua's prayer, to six and thirty hours; for so Kimchi upon that place: 'According to more exact interpretation, the sun and moon stood still for six and thirty hours: for when the fight was on the eve of the Sabbath, Joshua feared lest the Israelites might break the Sabbath; therefore he spread abroad his hands, that the sun might stand still on the sixth day, according to the measure of the day of the Sabbath, and the moon according to the measure of the night of the Sabbath, and of the going out of the Sabbath, which amounts to six and thirty hours.' "II. If you number the hours that pass from our Savior's giving up the ghost upon the cross to his resurrection, you shall find almost the same number of hours; and yet that space is called by him three days and three nights, whereas two nights only came between, and one complete day. Nevertheless, while he speaks these words, he is not without the consent both of the Jewish schools and their computation. Weigh well that which is disputed in the tract Scabbath, concerning the separation of a woman for three days; where many things are discussed by the Gemarists, concerning the computation of this space of three days. Among other things these words occur: R. Ismael saith, Sometimes it contains four אונות onoth, sometimes five, sometimes six. But how much is the space of an אונה onah? R. Jochanan saith, Either a day or a night. And so also the Jerusalem Talmud: 'R. Akiba fixed a Day for an onah, and a Night for an onah.' But the tradition is, that R. Eliazar ben Azariah said, A day and a night make an onah: and a Part of an onah is as the Whole. And a little after, R. Ismael computed a part of the onah for the whole." Thus, then, three days and three nights, according to this Jewish method of reckoning, included any part of the first day; the whole of the following night; the next day and its night; and any part of the succeeding or third day. In the whale's belly - That a fish of the shark kind, and not a whale, is here meant, Bochart has abundantly proved, vol. iii. col. 742, etc., edit. Leyd. 1692. It is well known that the throat of a whale is capable of admitting little more than the arm of an ordinary man; but many of the shark species can swallow a man whole, and men have been found whole in the stomachs of several. Every natural history abounds with facts of this kind. Besides, the shark is a native of the Mediterranean Sea, in which Jonah was sailing when swallowed by what the Hebrew terms דג גדול dag gadol, a great fish; but every body knows that whales are no produce of the Mediterranean Sea, thought some have been by accident found there, as in most other parts of the maritime world: but, let them be found where they may, there is none of them capable of swallowing a man. Instead of either whale or shark, some have translated דג גדול dag gadol, Jon 1:17, by a fishing cove, or something of this nature; but this is merely to get rid of the miracle: for, according to some, the whole of Divine revelation is a forgery - or it is a system of metaphor or allegory, that has no miraculous interferences in it. But, independently of all this, the criticism is contemptible. Others say, that the great fish means a vessel so called, into which Jonah went, and into the hold of which he was thrown, where he continued three days and three nights. In short, it must be any thing but a real miracle, the existence of which the wise men, so called, of the present day, cannot admit. Perhaps these very men are not aware that they have scarcely any belief even in the existence of God himself!

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⁶³ Saying [3004], Sir [2962], we remember [3415] that [3754] that [1565] deceiver [4108] said [2036], while he was yet [2089] alive [2198], After [3326] three [5140] days [2250] I will rise again [1453].
⁶⁴ Command [2753] therefore [3767] that the sepulchre [5028] be made sure [805] until [2193] the third [5154] day [2250], lest [3379] his [846] disciples [3101] come [2064] by night [3571], and steal [2813] him [846] away [2813], and [2532] say [2036] unto the people [2992], He is risen [1453] from [575] the dead [3498]: so [2532] the last [2078] error [4106] shall be [2071] worse than [5501] the first [4413].

¹ Now it came to pass on the third [07992] day [03117], that Esther [0635] put on [03847] her royal [04438] apparel, and stood [05975] in the inner [06442] court [02691] of the king's [04428] house [01004], over against [05227] the king's [04428] house [01004]: and the king [04428] sat [03427] upon his royal [04438] throne [03678] in the royal [04438] house [01004], over against [05227] the gate [06607] of the house [01004].

¹⁶ Go [03212], gather together [03664] all the Jews [03064] that are present [04672] in Shushan [07800], and fast [06684] ye for me, and neither eat [0398] nor drink [08354] three [07969] days [03117], night [03915] or day [03117]: I also and my maidens [05291] will fast [06684] likewise; and so [03651] will I go [0935] in unto the king [04428], which is not according to the law [01881]: and if I perish [06], I perish [06].

¹² And they gave [05414] him a piece [06400] of a cake [01690] of figs, and two [08147] clusters of raisins [06778]: and when he had eaten [0398], his spirit [07307] came again [07725] to him: for he had eaten [0398] no bread [03899], nor drunk [08354] any water [04325], three [07969] days [03117] and three [07969] nights [03915].
¹³ And David [01732] said [0559] unto him, To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou? And he said [0559], I am a young man [05288] of Egypt [04713], servant [05650] to an Amalekite [0376] [06003]; and my master [0113] left [05800] me, because three [07969] days [03117] agone I fell sick [02470].

³ For thou hadst cast [07993] me into the deep [04688], in the midst [03824] of the seas [03220]; and the floods [05104] compassed [05437] me about: all thy billows [04867] and thy waves [01530] passed over [05674] me.

¹⁹ Jesus [2424] answered [611] and [2532] said [2036] unto them [846], Destroy [3089] this [5126] temple [3485], and [2532] in [1722] three [5140] days [2250] I will raise [1453] it [846] up [1453].

¹⁷ Now the LORD [03068] had prepared [04487] a great [01419] fish [01709] to swallow up [01104] Jonah [03124]. And Jonah [03124] was in the belly [04578] of the fish [01709] three [07969] days [03117] and three [07969] nights [03915].

³⁰ For [1063] as [2531] Jonas [2495] was [1096] a sign [4592] unto the Ninevites [3536], so [3779] shall [2071] also [2532] the Son [5207] of man [444] be [2071] to this [5026] generation [1074].

¹ Then Jonah [03124] prayed [06419] unto the LORD [03068] his God [0430] out of the fish's [01710] belly [04578],

²⁸ And he was there with the LORD [03068] forty [0705] days [03117] and forty [0705] nights [03915]; he did neither eat [0398] bread [03899], nor drink [08354] water [04325]. And he wrote [03789] upon the tables [03871] the words [01697] of the covenant [01285], the ten [06235] commandments [01697].

¹⁸ And Moses [04872] went [0935] into the midst [08432] of the cloud [06051], and gat him up [05927] into the mount [02022]: and Moses [04872] was in the mount [02022] forty [0705] days [03117] and forty [0705] nights [03915].

¹² And the rain [01653] was upon the earth [0776] forty [0705] days [03117] and forty [0705] nights [03915].

⁴ For yet [05750] seven [07651] days [03117], and I will cause it to rain [04305] upon the earth [0776] forty [0705] days [03117] and forty [0705] nights [03915]; and every [03605] living substance [03351] that I have made [06213] will I destroy [04229] from off [05921] the face [06440] of the earth [0127].

²⁹ And they pitched [02583] one [0428] over against [05227] the other [0428] seven [07651] days [03117]. And so it was, that in the seventh [07637] day [03117] the battle [04421] was joined [07126]: and the children [01121] of Israel [03478] slew [05221] of the Syrians [0758] an hundred [03967] thousand [0505] footmen [07273] in one [0259] day [03117].