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Selected Verse: Matthew 12:3 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
Mt 12:3 |
Strong Concordance |
But [1161] he said [2036] unto them [846], Have ye [314] not [3756] read [314] what [5101] David [1138] did [4160], when [3753] he [846] was an hungred [3983], and [2532] they [3326] that were with him [846]; |
|
King James |
But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him; |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
But he said unto them, Have ye not read--or, as Mark (Mar 2:25) has it, "Have ye never read."
what David did when he was an hungered, and they that were with him-- (Sa1 21:1-6) |
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
But he said unto them ... - To vindicate his disciples, he referred them to a similar case, recorded in the Old Testament, and therefore one with which they ought to have been acquainted. This was the case of David. The law commanded that twelve loaves of bread should be laid on the table in the holy place in the tabernacle, to remain a week, and then to be eaten by the "priests only." Their place was then supplied by fresh "bread." This was called the "showbread," Lev 24:5-9. David, fleeing before Saul, weary and hungry, had come to Ahimelech the priest; had found only this bread; had asked it of him, and had eaten it contrary to the "letter" of the law, Sa1 21:1-7. David, among the Jews, had high authority. This act had passed uncondemned. It proved that in "cases of necessity the laws did not bind a man" - a principle which all laws admit. So the "necessity" of the disciples justified them in doing on the Sabbath what would have been otherwise unlawful. |
The Scofield Bible Commentary, by Cyrus Ingerson Scofield, [1917] |
what David did
Jesus' action (Mat 12:1-7) is highly significant. "What David did" refers to the time of his rejection and persecution by Saul. (Sa1 21:6). Jesus here is not so much the rejected Saviour as the rejected King; hence the reference to David. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
Have ye not read what David did - And necessity was a sufficient plea for his transgressing the law in a higher instance. |
Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
Have ye not read what David did - The original history is in Sa1 21:1-6.
When he was an hungered - Here hearken to Kimchi, producing the opinion of the ancients concerning this story in these words: "Our rabbins of blessed memory say, that he gave him the shew-bread, etc. The interpretation also of the clause, Yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel, is this: It is a small thing to say, that it is lawful for us to eat These Loaves, taken from before the Lord, when we are hungry; for it would be lawful to eat this very loaf which is now set on, which is also sanctified in the vessel, (for the table sanctifieth), it would be lawful to eat even this, when another loaf is not present with you to give us, and we are so hunger-bitten. And a little after, There is nothing which may hinder taking care of life, beside idolatry, adultery, and murder. That is, a man, according to them, should do any thing but these in order to preserve life." See Lightfoot.
He entered into the house of God - Viz. the house of Ahimelech the priest, who dwelt at Nob, with whom the tabernacle then was, in which the Divine presence was manifested.
And did eat the shew - bread - Τους αρτους της προθεσεως - in Hebrew, לחם פנים lechem panim - bread of the presence, or faces, because this bread was to be set continually, לפני יהוה lipney Yehovah, before the face of Jehovah. See the notes on Exo 25:23, Exo 25:30.
"Since part of the frankincense put in the bread was to be burnt on the altar for a memorial, Lev 24:7, and since Aaron and his sons were to eat it in the holy place, it is evident that this bread typified Christ, first presented as a sacrifice to, or in the presence of, Jehovah, and then becoming spiritual food to such as, in and through him, are spiritual priests to God. See Rev 1:6; Rev 5:10; Rev 20:6; also Pe1 2:5." Parkhurst. |
1 Then came [0935] David [01732] to Nob [05011] to Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548]: and Ahimelech [0288] was afraid [02729] at the meeting [07125] of David [01732], and said [0559] unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man [0376] with thee?
2 And David [01732] said [0559] unto Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548], The king [04428] hath commanded [06680] me a business [01697], and hath said [0559] unto me, Let no man [0376] know [03045] any thing [03972] of the business [01697] whereabout I send [07971] thee, and what I have commanded [06680] thee: and I have appointed [03045] my servants [05288] to such [06423] and such [0492] a place [04725].
3 Now therefore what is [03426] under thine hand [03027]? give [05414] me five [02568] loaves of bread [03899] in mine hand [03027], or what there is present [04672].
4 And the priest [03548] answered [06030] David [01732], and said [0559], There is no common [02455] bread [03899] under mine hand [03027], but there is [03426] hallowed [06944] bread [03899]; if the young men [05288] have kept [08104] themselves at least [0389] from women [0802].
5 And David [01732] answered [06030] the priest [03548], and said [0559] unto him, Of a truth [0518] women [0802] have been kept [06113] from us about these three [08032] days [08543], since I came out [03318], and the vessels [03627] of the young men [05288] are holy [06944], and the bread is in a manner [01870] common [02455], yea, though it were sanctified [06942] this day [03117] in the vessel [03627].
6 So the priest [03548] gave [05414] him hallowed [06944] bread: for there was no bread [03899] there but the shewbread [03899] [06440], that was taken [05493] from before [06440] the LORD [03068], to put [07760] hot [02527] bread [03899] in the day [03117] when it was taken away [03947].
25 And [2532] he [846] said [3004] unto them [846], Have ye never [3763] read [314] what [5101] David [1138] did [4160], when [3753] he had [2192] need [5532], and [2532] was an hungred [3983], he [846], and [2532] they that were with [3326] him [846]?
1 Then came [0935] David [01732] to Nob [05011] to Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548]: and Ahimelech [0288] was afraid [02729] at the meeting [07125] of David [01732], and said [0559] unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man [0376] with thee?
2 And David [01732] said [0559] unto Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548], The king [04428] hath commanded [06680] me a business [01697], and hath said [0559] unto me, Let no man [0376] know [03045] any thing [03972] of the business [01697] whereabout I send [07971] thee, and what I have commanded [06680] thee: and I have appointed [03045] my servants [05288] to such [06423] and such [0492] a place [04725].
3 Now therefore what is [03426] under thine hand [03027]? give [05414] me five [02568] loaves of bread [03899] in mine hand [03027], or what there is present [04672].
4 And the priest [03548] answered [06030] David [01732], and said [0559], There is no common [02455] bread [03899] under mine hand [03027], but there is [03426] hallowed [06944] bread [03899]; if the young men [05288] have kept [08104] themselves at least [0389] from women [0802].
5 And David [01732] answered [06030] the priest [03548], and said [0559] unto him, Of a truth [0518] women [0802] have been kept [06113] from us about these three [08032] days [08543], since I came out [03318], and the vessels [03627] of the young men [05288] are holy [06944], and the bread is in a manner [01870] common [02455], yea, though it were sanctified [06942] this day [03117] in the vessel [03627].
6 So the priest [03548] gave [05414] him hallowed [06944] bread: for there was no bread [03899] there but the shewbread [03899] [06440], that was taken [05493] from before [06440] the LORD [03068], to put [07760] hot [02527] bread [03899] in the day [03117] when it was taken away [03947].
7 Now a certain man [0376] of the servants [05650] of Saul [07586] was there that day [03117], detained [06113] before [06440] the LORD [03068]; and his name [08034] was Doeg [01673], an Edomite [0130], the chiefest [047] of the herdmen [07462] that belonged to Saul [07586].
5 And thou shalt take [03947] fine flour [05560], and bake [0644] twelve [06240] cakes [02471] thereof: two [08147] tenth deals [06241] shall be in one [0259] cake [02471].
6 And thou shalt set [07760] them in two [08147] rows [04634], six [08337] on a row [04635], upon the pure [02889] table [07979] before [06440] the LORD [03068].
7 And thou shalt put [05414] pure [02134] frankincense [03828] upon each row [04635], that it may be on the bread [03899] for a memorial [0234], even an offering made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068].
8 Every sabbath [07676] he shall set it [03117] in order [06186] before [06440] the LORD [03068] continually [08548], being taken from the children [01121] of Israel [03478] by an everlasting [05769] covenant [01285].
9 And it shall be Aaron's [0175] and his sons [01121]'; and they shall eat [0398] it in the holy [06918] place [04725]: for it is most [06944] holy [06944] unto him of the offerings [0801] of the LORD [03068] made by fire [0801] by a perpetual [05769] statute [02706].
6 So the priest [03548] gave [05414] him hallowed [06944] bread: for there was no bread [03899] there but the shewbread [03899] [06440], that was taken [05493] from before [06440] the LORD [03068], to put [07760] hot [02527] bread [03899] in the day [03117] when it was taken away [03947].
1 At [1722] that [1565] time [2540] Jesus [2424] went [4198] on the sabbath day [4521] through [1223] the corn [4702]; and [1161] his [846] disciples [3101] were an hungred [3983], and [2532] began [756] to pluck [5089] the ears of corn [4719], and [2532] to eat [2068].
2 But [1161] when the Pharisees [5330] saw [1492] it, they said [2036] unto him [846], Behold [2400], thy [4675] disciples [3101] do [4160] that which [3739] is [1832] not [3756] lawful [1832] to do [4160] upon [1722] the sabbath day [4521].
3 But [1161] he said [2036] unto them [846], Have ye [314] not [3756] read [314] what [5101] David [1138] did [4160], when [3753] he [846] was an hungred [3983], and [2532] they [3326] that were with him [846];
4 How [4459] he entered into [1525] [1519] the house [3624] of God [2316], and [2532] did eat [5315] the shewbread [740] [4286], which [3739] was [2258] not [3756] lawful [1832] for him [846] to eat [5315], neither for [3761] them which [3326] were with him [846], but [1508] only [3441] for the priests [2409]?
5 Or [2228] have ye [314] not [3756] read [314] in [1722] the law [3551], how that [3754] on the sabbath days [4521] the priests [2409] in [1722] the temple [2411] profane [953] the sabbath [4521], and [2532] are [1526] blameless [338]?
6 But [1161] I say [3004] unto you [5213], That [3754] in this place [5602] is one [2076] greater than [3187] the temple [2411].
7 But [1161] if [1487] ye had known [1097] what [5101] this meaneth [2076], I will have [2309] mercy [1656], and [2532] not [3756] sacrifice [2378], ye would [302] not [3756] have condemned [2613] the guiltless [338].
5 Ye [846] also [2532], as [5613] lively [2198] stones [3037], are built up [3618] a spiritual [4152] house [3624], an holy [40] priesthood [2406], to offer up [399] spiritual [4152] sacrifices [2378], acceptable [2144] to God [2316] by [1223] Jesus [2424] Christ [5547].
6 Blessed [3107] and [2532] holy [40] is he that hath [2192] part [3313] in [1722] the first [4413] resurrection [386]: on [1909] such [5130] the second [1208] death [2288] hath [2192] no [3756] power [1849], but [235] they shall be [2071] priests [2409] of God [2316] and [2532] of Christ [5547], and [2532] shall reign [936] with [3326] him [846] a thousand [5507] years [2094].
10 And [2532] hast made [4160] us [2248] unto our [2257] God [2316] kings [935] and [2532] priests [2409]: and [2532] we shall reign [936] on [1909] the earth [1093].
6 And [2532] hath made [4160] us [2248] kings [935] and [2532] priests [2409] unto God [2316] and [2532] his [846] Father [3962]; to him [846] be glory [1391] and [2532] dominion [2904] for [1519] ever [165] and ever [165]. Amen [281].
7 And thou shalt put [05414] pure [02134] frankincense [03828] upon each row [04635], that it may be on the bread [03899] for a memorial [0234], even an offering made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068].
30 And thou shalt set [05414] upon the table [07979] shewbread [03899] before [06440] me alway [08548].
23 Thou shalt also make [06213] a table [07979] of shittim [07848] wood [06086]: two cubits [0520] shall be the length [0753] thereof, and a cubit [0520] the breadth [07341] thereof, and a cubit [0520] and a half [02677] the height [06967] thereof.
1 Then came [0935] David [01732] to Nob [05011] to Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548]: and Ahimelech [0288] was afraid [02729] at the meeting [07125] of David [01732], and said [0559] unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man [0376] with thee?
2 And David [01732] said [0559] unto Ahimelech [0288] the priest [03548], The king [04428] hath commanded [06680] me a business [01697], and hath said [0559] unto me, Let no man [0376] know [03045] any thing [03972] of the business [01697] whereabout I send [07971] thee, and what I have commanded [06680] thee: and I have appointed [03045] my servants [05288] to such [06423] and such [0492] a place [04725].
3 Now therefore what is [03426] under thine hand [03027]? give [05414] me five [02568] loaves of bread [03899] in mine hand [03027], or what there is present [04672].
4 And the priest [03548] answered [06030] David [01732], and said [0559], There is no common [02455] bread [03899] under mine hand [03027], but there is [03426] hallowed [06944] bread [03899]; if the young men [05288] have kept [08104] themselves at least [0389] from women [0802].
5 And David [01732] answered [06030] the priest [03548], and said [0559] unto him, Of a truth [0518] women [0802] have been kept [06113] from us about these three [08032] days [08543], since I came out [03318], and the vessels [03627] of the young men [05288] are holy [06944], and the bread is in a manner [01870] common [02455], yea, though it were sanctified [06942] this day [03117] in the vessel [03627].
6 So the priest [03548] gave [05414] him hallowed [06944] bread: for there was no bread [03899] there but the shewbread [03899] [06440], that was taken [05493] from before [06440] the LORD [03068], to put [07760] hot [02527] bread [03899] in the day [03117] when it was taken away [03947].