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Selected Verse: Numbers 13:1 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
Nu 13:1 |
Strong Concordance |
And the LORD [03068] spake [01696] unto Moses [04872], saying [0559], |
|
King James |
And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
THE NAMES OF THE MEN WHO WERE SENT TO SEARCH THE LAND. (Num. 13:1-33)
The Lord spake unto Moses, Send thou men, that they may search the land, of Canaan--Compare Deu 1:22, whence it appears, that while the proposal of delegating confidential men from each tribe to explore the land of Canaan emanated from the people who petitioned for it, the measure received the special sanction of God, who granted their request at once as a trial, and a punishment of their distrust. |
Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
Numbers 13:1-17
Despatch of the Spies of Canaan. - Num 13:1. The command of Jehovah, to send out men to spy out the land of Canaan, was occasioned, according to the account given by Moses in Deu 1:22., by a proposal of the congregation, which pleased Moses, so that he laid the matter before the Lord, who then commanded him to send out for this purpose, "of every tribe of their fathers a man, every one a ruler among them, i.e., none but men who were princes in their tribes, who held the prominent position of princes, i.e., distinguished persons of rank; or, as it is stated in Num 13:3, "heads of the children of Israel," i.e., not the tribe-princes of the twelve tribes, but those men, out of the total number of the heads of the tribes and families of Israel, who were the most suitable for such a mission, though the selection was to be made in such a manner that every tribe should be represented by one of its own chiefs. That there were none of the twelve tribe-princes among them is apparent from a comparison of their names (Num 13:4-15) with the (totally different) names of the tribe-princes (Num 1:3., Num 7:12.). Caleb and Joshua are the only spies that are known. The order, in which the tribes are placed in the list of the names in Num 13:4-15, differs from that in Num 1:5-15 only in the fact that in Num 13:10 Zebulun is separated from the other sons of Leah, and in Num 13:11 Manasseh is separated from Ephraim. The expression "of the tribe of Joseph," in Num 13:11, stands for "of the children of Joseph," in Num 1:10; Num 34:23. At the close of the list it is still further stated, that Moses called Hoshea (i.e., help), the son of Nun, Jehoshua, contracted into Joshua (i.e., Jehovah-help, equivalent to, whose help is Jehovah). This statement does not present any such discrepancy, when compared with Exo 17:9, Exo 17:13; Exo 24:13; Exo 32:17; Exo 33:11, and Num 11:28, where Joshua bears this name as the servant of Moses at a still earlier period, as to point to any diversity of authorship. As there is nothing of a genealogical character in any of these passages, so as to warrant us in expecting to find the family name of Joshua in them, the name Joshua, by which Hosea had become best known in history, could be used proleptically in them all. On the other hand, however, it is not distinctly stated in the verse before us, that this was the occasion on which Moses gave Hosea the new name of Joshua. As the Vav consec. frequently points out merely the order of thought, the words may be understood without hesitation in the following sense: These are the names borne by the heads of the tribes to be sent out as spies, as they stand in the family registers according to their descent; Hosea, however, was named Joshua by Moses; which would not by any means imply that the alteration in the name had not been made till then. It is very probable that Moses may have given him the new name either before or after the defeat of the Amalekites (Exo 17:9.), or when he took him into his service, though it has not been mentioned before; whilst here the circumstances themselves required that it should be stated that Hosea, as he was called in the list prepared and entered in the documentary record according to the genealogical tables of the tribes, had received from Moses the name of Joshua. In Num 13:17-20 Moses gives them the necessary instructions, defining more clearly the motive which the congregation had assigned for sending them out, namely, that they might search out the way into the land and to its towns (Deu 1:22). "Get you up there (זה in the south country, and go up to the mountain." Negeb, i.e., south country, lit., dryness, aridity, from נגב, to be dry or arid (in Syr., Chald, and Samar.). Hence the dry, parched land, in contrast to the well-watered country (Jos 15:19; Jdg 1:15), was the name given to the southern district of Canaan, which forms the transition from the desert to the strictly cultivated land, and bears for the most part the character of a steppe, in which tracts of sand and heath are intermixed with shrubs, grass, and vegetables, whilst here and there corn is also cultivated; a district therefore which was better fitted for grazing than for agriculture, though it contained a number of towns and villages (see at Jos 15:21-32). "The mountain" is the mountainous part of Palestine, which was inhabited by Hittites, Jebusites, and Amorites (Num 13:29), and was called the mountains of the Amorites, on account of their being the strongest of the Canaanitish tribes (Deu 1:7, Deu 1:19.). It is not to be restricted, as Knobel supposes, to the limits of the so-called mountains of Judah (Jos 15:48-62), but included the mountains of Israel or Ephraim also (Jos 11:21; Jos 20:7), and formed, according to Deu 1:7, the backbone of the whole land of Canaan up to Lebanon.
Num 13:18-20
They were to see the land, "what it was," i.e., what was its character, and the people that dwelt in it, whether they were strong, i.e., courageous and brave, or weak, i.e., spiritless and timid, and whether they were little or great, i.e., numerically; (Num 13:19) what the land was, whether good or bad, sc., with regard to climate and cultivation, and whether the towns were camps, i.e., open villages and hamlets, or fortified places; also (Num 13:20) whether the land was fat or lean, i.e., whether it had a fertile soil or not, and whether there were trees in it or not. All this they were to search out courageously (התחזק, to show one's self courageous in any occupation), and to fetch (some) of the fruits of the land, as it was the time of the first-ripe grapes. In Palestine the first grapes ripen as early as August, and sometimes even in July (vid., Robinson, ii. 100, ii. 611), whilst the vintage takes place in September and October. |
Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
Speak unto Moses - In answer to the peoples petition about it, as is evident from Deu 1:22. And it is probable, the people desired it out of diffidence of God's promise. |
22 And ye came near [07126] unto me every one of you, and said [0559], We will send [07971] men [0582] before [06440] us, and they shall search us out [02658] the land [0776], and bring [07725] us word [01697] again [07725] by what way [01870] we must go up [05927], and into what cities [05892] we shall come [0935].
20 And what the land [0776] is, whether it be fat [08082] or lean [07330], whether there be [03426] wood [06086] therein, or not. And be ye of good courage [02388], and bring [03947] of the fruit [06529] of the land [0776]. Now the time [03117] was the time [03117] of the firstripe [01061] grapes [06025].
19 And what the land [0776] is that they dwell in [03427], whether it be good [02896] or bad [07451]; and what cities [05892] they be that they dwell [03427] in [02007], whether in tents [04264], or in strong holds [04013];
18 And see [07200] the land [0776], what it is; and the people [05971] that dwelleth [03427] therein, whether they be strong [02389] or weak [07504], few [04592] or many [07227];
19 And what the land [0776] is that they dwell in [03427], whether it be good [02896] or bad [07451]; and what cities [05892] they be that they dwell [03427] in [02007], whether in tents [04264], or in strong holds [04013];
20 And what the land [0776] is, whether it be fat [08082] or lean [07330], whether there be [03426] wood [06086] therein, or not. And be ye of good courage [02388], and bring [03947] of the fruit [06529] of the land [0776]. Now the time [03117] was the time [03117] of the firstripe [01061] grapes [06025].
7 Turn [06437] you, and take your journey [05265], and go [0935] to the mount [02022] of the Amorites [0567], and unto all the places nigh [07934] thereunto, in the plain [06160], in the hills [02022], and in the vale [08219], and in the south [05045], and by the sea [03220] side [02348], to the land [0776] of the Canaanites [03669], and unto Lebanon [03844], unto the great [01419] river [05104], the river [05104] Euphrates [06578].
7 And they appointed [06942] Kedesh [06943] in Galilee [01551] in mount [02022] Naphtali [05321], and Shechem [07927] in mount [02022] Ephraim [0669], and Kirjatharba [07153], which is Hebron [02275], in the mountain [02022] of Judah [03063].
21 And at that time [06256] came [0935] Joshua [03091], and cut off [03772] the Anakims [06062] from the mountains [02022], from Hebron [02275], from Debir [01688], from Anab [06024], and from all the mountains [02022] of Judah [03063], and from all the mountains [02022] of Israel [03478]: Joshua [03091] destroyed them utterly [02763] with their cities [05892].
48 And in the mountains [02022], Shamir [08069], and Jattir [03492], and Socoh [07755],
49 And Dannah [01837], and Kirjathsannah [07158], which is Debir [01688],
50 And Anab [06024], and Eshtemoh [0851], and Anim [06044],
51 And Goshen [01657], and Holon [02473], and Giloh [01542]; eleven [0259] [06240] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]:
52 Arab [0694], and Dumah [01746], and Eshean [0824],
53 And Janum [03241], and Bethtappuah [01054], and Aphekah [0664],
54 And Humtah [02547], and Kirjatharba [07153], which is Hebron [02275], and Zior [06730]; nine [08672] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]:
55 Maon [04584], Carmel [03760], and Ziph [02128], and Juttah [03194],
56 And Jezreel [03157], and Jokdeam [03347], and Zanoah [02182],
57 Cain [07014], Gibeah [01390], and Timnah [08553]; ten [06235] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]:
58 Halhul [02478], Bethzur [01049], and Gedor [01446],
59 And Maarath [04638], and Bethanoth [01042], and Eltekon [0515]; six [08337] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]:
60 Kirjathbaal [07154], which is Kirjathjearim [07157], and Rabbah [07237]; two [08147] cities [05892] with their villages [02691]:
61 In the wilderness [04057], Betharabah [01026], Middin [04081], and Secacah [05527],
62 And Nibshan [05044], and the city of Salt [05898], and Engedi [05872]; six [08337] cities [05892] with their villages [02691].
19 And when we departed [05265] from Horeb [02722], we went through [03212] all that great [01419] and terrible [03372] wilderness [04057], which ye saw [07200] by the way [01870] of the mountain [02022] of the Amorites [0567], as the LORD [03068] our God [0430] commanded [06680] us; and we came [0935] to Kadeshbarnea [06947].
7 Turn [06437] you, and take your journey [05265], and go [0935] to the mount [02022] of the Amorites [0567], and unto all the places nigh [07934] thereunto, in the plain [06160], in the hills [02022], and in the vale [08219], and in the south [05045], and by the sea [03220] side [02348], to the land [0776] of the Canaanites [03669], and unto Lebanon [03844], unto the great [01419] river [05104], the river [05104] Euphrates [06578].
29 The Amalekites [06002] dwell [03427] in the land [0776] of the south [05045]: and the Hittites [02850], and the Jebusites [02983], and the Amorites [0567], dwell [03427] in the mountains [02022]: and the Canaanites [03669] dwell [03427] by the sea [03220], and by the coast [03027] of Jordan [03383].
21 And the uttermost [07097] cities [05892] of the tribe [04294] of the children [01121] of Judah [03063] toward the coast [01366] of Edom [0123] southward [05045] were Kabzeel [06909], and Eder [05740], and Jagur [03017],
22 And Kinah [07016], and Dimonah [01776], and Adadah [05735],
23 And Kedesh [06943], and Hazor [02674], and Ithnan [03497],
24 Ziph [02128], and Telem [02928], and Bealoth [01175],
25 And Hazor [02674], Hadattah [02675], and Kerioth [07152], and Hezron [02696], which is Hazor [02674],
26 Amam [0538], and Shema [08090], and Moladah [04137],
27 And Hazargaddah [02693], and Heshmon [02829], and Bethpalet [01046],
28 And Hazarshual [02705], and Beersheba [0884], and Bizjothjah [0964],
29 Baalah [01173], and Iim [05864], and Azem [06107],
30 And Eltolad [0513], and Chesil [03686], and Hormah [02767],
31 And Ziklag [06860], and Madmannah [04089], and Sansannah [05578],
32 And Lebaoth [03822], and Shilhim [07978], and Ain [05871], and Rimmon [07417]: all the cities [05892] are twenty [06242] and nine [08672], with their villages [02691]:
15 And she said [0559] unto him, Give [03051] me a blessing [01293]: for thou hast given [05414] me a south [05045] land [0776]; give [05414] me also springs [01543] of water [04325]. And Caleb [03612] gave [05414] her the upper [05942] springs [01543] and the nether [08482] springs [01543].
19 Who answered [0559], Give [05414] me a blessing [01293]; for thou hast given [05414] me a south [05045] land [0776]; give [05414] me also springs [01543] of water [04325]. And he gave [05414] her the upper [05942] springs [01543], and the nether [08482] springs [01543].
22 And ye came near [07126] unto me every one of you, and said [0559], We will send [07971] men [0582] before [06440] us, and they shall search us out [02658] the land [0776], and bring [07725] us word [01697] again [07725] by what way [01870] we must go up [05927], and into what cities [05892] we shall come [0935].
17 And Moses [04872] sent [07971] them to spy out [08446] the land [0776] of Canaan [03667], and said [0559] unto them, Get you up [05927] this way southward [05045], and go up [05927] into the mountain [02022]:
18 And see [07200] the land [0776], what it is; and the people [05971] that dwelleth [03427] therein, whether they be strong [02389] or weak [07504], few [04592] or many [07227];
19 And what the land [0776] is that they dwell in [03427], whether it be good [02896] or bad [07451]; and what cities [05892] they be that they dwell [03427] in [02007], whether in tents [04264], or in strong holds [04013];
20 And what the land [0776] is, whether it be fat [08082] or lean [07330], whether there be [03426] wood [06086] therein, or not. And be ye of good courage [02388], and bring [03947] of the fruit [06529] of the land [0776]. Now the time [03117] was the time [03117] of the firstripe [01061] grapes [06025].
9 And Moses [04872] said [0559] unto Joshua [03091], Choose us out [0977] men [0582], and go out [03318], fight [03898] with Amalek [06002]: to morrow [04279] I will stand [05324] on the top [07218] of the hill [01389] with the rod [04294] of God [0430] in mine hand [03027].
28 And Joshua [03091] the son [01121] of Nun [05126], the servant [08334] of Moses [04872], one of his young men [0979], answered [06030] and said [0559], My lord [0113] Moses [04872], forbid [03607] them.
11 And the LORD [03068] spake [01696] unto Moses [04872] face [06440] to face [06440], as a man [0376] speaketh [01696] unto his friend [07453]. And he turned again [07725] into the camp [04264]: but his servant [08334] Joshua [03091], the son [01121] of Nun [05126], a young man [05288], departed [04185] not out [08432] of the tabernacle [0168].
17 And when Joshua [03091] heard [08085] the noise [06963] of the people [05971] as they shouted [07452], he said [0559] unto Moses [04872], There is a noise [06963] of war [04421] in the camp [04264].
13 And Moses [04872] rose up [06965], and his minister [08334] Joshua [03091]: and Moses [04872] went up [05927] into the mount [02022] of God [0430].
13 And Joshua [03091] discomfited [02522] Amalek [06002] and his people [05971] with the edge [06310] of the sword [02719].
9 And Moses [04872] said [0559] unto Joshua [03091], Choose us out [0977] men [0582], and go out [03318], fight [03898] with Amalek [06002]: to morrow [04279] I will stand [05324] on the top [07218] of the hill [01389] with the rod [04294] of God [0430] in mine hand [03027].
23 The prince [05387] of the children [01121] of Joseph [03130], for the tribe [04294] of the children [01121] of Manasseh [04519], Hanniel [02592] the son [01121] of Ephod [0641].
10 Of the children [01121] of Joseph [03130]: of Ephraim [0669]; Elishama [0476] the son [01121] of Ammihud [05989]: of Manasseh [04519]; Gamaliel [01583] the son [01121] of Pedahzur [06301].
11 Of the tribe [04294] of Joseph [03130], namely, of the tribe [04294] of Manasseh [04519], Gaddi [01426] the son [01121] of Susi [05485].
11 Of the tribe [04294] of Joseph [03130], namely, of the tribe [04294] of Manasseh [04519], Gaddi [01426] the son [01121] of Susi [05485].
10 Of the tribe [04294] of Zebulun [02074], Gaddiel [01427] the son [01121] of Sodi [05476].
5 And these are the names [08034] of the men [0582] that shall stand [05975] with you: of the tribe of Reuben [07205]; Elizur [0468] the son [01121] of Shedeur [07707].
6 Of Simeon [08095]; Shelumiel [08017] the son [01121] of Zurishaddai [06701].
7 Of Judah [03063]; Nahshon [05177] the son [01121] of Amminadab [05992].
8 Of Issachar [03485]; Nethaneel [05417] the son [01121] of Zuar [06686].
9 Of Zebulun [02074]; Eliab [0446] the son [01121] of Helon [02497].
10 Of the children [01121] of Joseph [03130]: of Ephraim [0669]; Elishama [0476] the son [01121] of Ammihud [05989]: of Manasseh [04519]; Gamaliel [01583] the son [01121] of Pedahzur [06301].
11 Of Benjamin [01144]; Abidan [027] the son [01121] of Gideoni [01441].
12 Of Dan [01835]; Ahiezer [0295] the son [01121] of Ammishaddai [05996].
13 Of Asher [0836]; Pagiel [06295] the son [01121] of Ocran [05918].
14 Of Gad [01410]; Eliasaph [0460] the son [01121] of Deuel [01845].
15 Of Naphtali [05321]; Ahira [0299] the son [01121] of Enan [05881].
4 And these were their names [08034]: of the tribe [04294] of Reuben [07205], Shammua [08051] the son [01121] of Zaccur [02139].
5 Of the tribe [04294] of Simeon [08095], Shaphat [08202] the son [01121] of Hori [02753].
6 Of the tribe [04294] of Judah [03063], Caleb [03612] the son [01121] of Jephunneh [03312].
7 Of the tribe [04294] of Issachar [03485], Igal [03008] the son [01121] of Joseph [03130].
8 Of the tribe [04294] of Ephraim [0669], Oshea [01954] the son [01121] of Nun [05126].
9 Of the tribe [04294] of Benjamin [01144], Palti [06406] the son [01121] of Raphu [07505].
10 Of the tribe [04294] of Zebulun [02074], Gaddiel [01427] the son [01121] of Sodi [05476].
11 Of the tribe [04294] of Joseph [03130], namely, of the tribe [04294] of Manasseh [04519], Gaddi [01426] the son [01121] of Susi [05485].
12 Of the tribe [04294] of Dan [01835], Ammiel [05988] the son [01121] of Gemalli [01582].
13 Of the tribe [04294] of Asher [0836], Sethur [05639] the son [01121] of Michael [04317].
14 Of the tribe [04294] of Naphtali [05321], Nahbi [05147] the son [01121] of Vophsi [02058].
15 Of the tribe [04294] of Gad [01410], Geuel [01345] the son [01121] of Machi [04352].
12 And he that offered [07126] his offering [07133] the first [07223] day [03117] was Nahshon [05177] the son [01121] of Amminadab [05992], of the tribe [04294] of Judah [03063]:
3 From twenty [06242] years [08141] old [01121] and upward [04605], all that are able to go forth [03318] to war [06635] in Israel [03478]: thou and Aaron [0175] shall number [06485] them by their armies [06635].
4 And these were their names [08034]: of the tribe [04294] of Reuben [07205], Shammua [08051] the son [01121] of Zaccur [02139].
5 Of the tribe [04294] of Simeon [08095], Shaphat [08202] the son [01121] of Hori [02753].
6 Of the tribe [04294] of Judah [03063], Caleb [03612] the son [01121] of Jephunneh [03312].
7 Of the tribe [04294] of Issachar [03485], Igal [03008] the son [01121] of Joseph [03130].
8 Of the tribe [04294] of Ephraim [0669], Oshea [01954] the son [01121] of Nun [05126].
9 Of the tribe [04294] of Benjamin [01144], Palti [06406] the son [01121] of Raphu [07505].
10 Of the tribe [04294] of Zebulun [02074], Gaddiel [01427] the son [01121] of Sodi [05476].
11 Of the tribe [04294] of Joseph [03130], namely, of the tribe [04294] of Manasseh [04519], Gaddi [01426] the son [01121] of Susi [05485].
12 Of the tribe [04294] of Dan [01835], Ammiel [05988] the son [01121] of Gemalli [01582].
13 Of the tribe [04294] of Asher [0836], Sethur [05639] the son [01121] of Michael [04317].
14 Of the tribe [04294] of Naphtali [05321], Nahbi [05147] the son [01121] of Vophsi [02058].
15 Of the tribe [04294] of Gad [01410], Geuel [01345] the son [01121] of Machi [04352].
3 And Moses [04872] by the commandment [06310] of the LORD [03068] sent [07971] them from the wilderness [04057] of Paran [06290]: all those men [0582] were [01992] heads [07218] of the children [01121] of Israel [03478].
22 And ye came near [07126] unto me every one of you, and said [0559], We will send [07971] men [0582] before [06440] us, and they shall search us out [02658] the land [0776], and bring [07725] us word [01697] again [07725] by what way [01870] we must go up [05927], and into what cities [05892] we shall come [0935].
1 And the LORD [03068] spake [01696] unto Moses [04872], saying [0559],
22 And ye came near [07126] unto me every one of you, and said [0559], We will send [07971] men [0582] before [06440] us, and they shall search us out [02658] the land [0776], and bring [07725] us word [01697] again [07725] by what way [01870] we must go up [05927], and into what cities [05892] we shall come [0935].