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Selected Verse: Leviticus 4:2 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| Le 4:2 |
Strong Concordance |
Speak [01696] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], saying [0559], If a soul [05315] shall sin [02398] through ignorance [07684] against any of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and shall do [06213] against any [0259] of them [02007]: |
| |
King James |
Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which ought not to be done, and shall do against any of them: |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
SIN OFFERING OF IGNORANCE. (Lev 4:1-2)
If a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments of the Lord--a soul--an individual. All sins may be considered, in a certain sense, as committed "through ignorance," error, or misapprehension of one's true interests. The sins, however, referred to in this law were unintentional violations of the ceremonial laws,--breaches made through haste, or inadvertency of some negative precepts, which, if done knowingly and wilfully, would have involved a capital punishment.
do against any of them--To bring out the meaning, it is necessary to supply, "he shall bring a sin offering." |
| Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
The Sin-Offerings. - The ritual prescribed for these differed, with regard to the animals sacrificed, the sprinkling of the blood, and the course adopted with the flesh, according to the position which the person presenting them happened to occupy in the kingdom of God. The classification of persons was as follows: (1) the anointed priest (Lev 4:2-12); (2) the whole congregation of Israel (Lev 5:13 -21); (3) the prince (vv. 22-26); (4) the common people (v. 27- Lev 5:13). In the case of the last, regard was also paid to their circumstances; so that the sin-offerings could be regulated according to the ability of the offerer, especially for the lighter forms of sin (Lev 5:1-13).
Lev 4:2
"If a soul sin in wandering from any (מכּל in a partitive sense) of the commandments of Jehovah, which ought not to be done, and do any one of them" (מאחת with מן partitive, cf. Lev 4:13, Lev 4:22, Lev 4:27, lit., anything of one). This sentence, which stands at the head of the laws for the sin-offerings, shows that the sin-offerings did not relate to sin or sinfulness in general, but to particular manifestations of sin, to certain distinct actions performed by individuals, or by the whole congregation. The distinguishing characteristic of the sin is expressed by the term בּשׁגגה (in error). No sins but those committed בּשׁגגה could be expiated by sin-offerings; whilst those committed with a high hand were to be punished by the extermination of the sinner (Num 15:27-31). שׁגגה, from שׁגג = שׁגה to wander or go wrong, signifies mistake, error, oversight. But sinning "in error" is not merely sinning through ignorance (Lev 4:13, Lev 4:22, Lev 4:27, Lev 5:18), hurry, want of consideration, or carelessness (Lev 5:1, Lev 5:4, Lev 5:15), but also sinning unintentionally (Num 35:11, Num 35:15, Num 35:22-23); hence all such sins as spring from the weakness of flesh and blood, as distinguished from sins committed with a high (elevated) hand, or in haughty, defiant rebellion against God and His commandments. |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| If a soul sin - This must necessarily be understood of more than common daily infirmities; for if every such sin had required an offering, it had not been possible either for most sinners to bear such a charge, or for the altar to receive so many sacrifices, or for the priests to manage so infinite a work. And for ordinary sins, they were ceremonially expiated by the daily offering, and by that on the great day of atonement, Lev 16:30. Through ignorance - Or, error, either not knowing his act to be sinful, as appears by comparing Lev 4:13-14, or not considering it, but falling into sin thro' the power of some sudden passion or temptation, as the Hebrew word signifies, Psa 119:67. Things which ought not to be done - The words may be rendered, in or about every, or any of the commandments of the Lord which should not be done; or, which concern things that should not be done, namely, in any negative commands. (And there is great reason why a sacrifice should be more necessary for these, than for other sins, because affirmative precepts do not so strictly and constantly bind men as the negative do.) Then he shall offer according to his quality, which is here to be understood out of the following verses. |
| Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
| If a soul shall sin through ignorance - That is, if any man shall do what God has forbidden, or leave undone what God has commanded, through ignorance of the law relative to these points; as soon as the transgression or omission comes to his knowledge, he shall offer the sacrifice here prescribed, and shall not suppose that his ignorance is an excuse for his sin. He who, when his iniquity comes to his knowledge, refuses to offer such a sacrifice, sins obstinately and wilfully, and to him there remains no other sacrifice for sin - no other mode by which he can be reconciled to God, but he has a certain fearful looking for of judgment - which shall devour such adversaries; and this seems the case to which the apostle alludes, Heb 10:26, etc., in the words above quoted. There have been a great number of subtle questions started on this subject, both by Jews and Christians, but the above I believe to be the sense and spirit of the law. |
1 And the LORD [03068] spake [01696] unto Moses [04872], saying [0559],
2 Speak [01696] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], saying [0559], If a soul [05315] shall sin [02398] through ignorance [07684] against any of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and shall do [06213] against any [0259] of them [02007]:
22 But if he thrust [01920] him suddenly [06621] without [03808] enmity [0342], or have cast [07993] upon him any thing [03627] without laying of wait [06660],
23 Or with any stone [068], wherewith a man may die [04191], seeing [07200] him not [03808], and cast [05307] it upon him, that he die [04191], and was not his enemy [0341], neither sought [01245] his harm [07451]:
15 These six [08337] cities [05892] shall be a refuge [04733], both for the children [01121] of Israel [03478], and for the stranger [01616], and for the sojourner [08453] among [08432] them: that every one that killeth [05221] any person [05315] unawares [07684] may flee [05127] thither.
11 Then ye shall appoint [07136] you cities [05892] to be cities [05892] of refuge [04733] for you; that the slayer [07523] may flee [05127] thither, which killeth [05221] any person [05315] at unawares [07684].
15 If a soul [05315] commit [04603] a trespass [04604], and sin [02398] through ignorance [07684], in the holy things [06944] of the LORD [03068]; then he shall bring [0935] for his trespass [0817] unto the LORD [03068] a ram [0352] without blemish [08549] out of the flocks [06629], with thy estimation [06187] by shekels [08255] of silver [03701], after the shekel [08255] of the sanctuary [06944], for a trespass offering [0817]:
4 Or if a soul [05315] swear [07650], pronouncing [0981] with his lips [08193] to do evil [07489], or to do good [03190], whatsoever it be that a man [0120] shall pronounce [0981] with an oath [07621], and it be hid [05956] from him; when he knoweth [03045] of it, then he shall be guilty [0816] in one [0259] of these.
1 And if a soul [05315] sin [02398], and hear [08085] the voice [06963] of swearing [0423], and is a witness [05707], whether [0176] he hath seen [07200] or known [03045] of it; if he do not utter [05046] it, then he shall bear [05375] his iniquity [05771].
18 And he shall bring [0935] a ram [0352] without blemish [08549] out of the flock [06629], with thy estimation [06187], for a trespass offering [0817], unto the priest [03548]: and the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him concerning his ignorance [07684] wherein he erred [07683] and wist [03045] it not, and it shall be forgiven [05545] him.
27 And if any [0259] one [05315] of the common [0776] people [05971] sin [02398] through ignorance [07684], while he doeth [06213] somewhat against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and be guilty [0816];
22 When a ruler [05387] hath sinned [02398], and done [06213] somewhat through ignorance [07684] against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] his God [0430] concerning things which should not be done [06213], and is guilty [0816];
13 And if the whole congregation [05712] of Israel [03478] sin through ignorance [07686], and the thing [01697] be hid [05956] from the eyes [05869] of the assembly [06951], and they have done [06213] somewhat against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which should not be done [06213], and are guilty [0816];
27 And if any [0259] soul [05315] sin [02398] through ignorance [07684], then he shall bring [07126] a she goat [05795] of the first [01323] year [08141] for a sin offering [02403].
28 And the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for the soul [05315] that sinneth ignorantly [07683], when he sinneth [02398] by ignorance [07684] before [06440] the LORD [03068], to make an atonement [03722] for him; and it shall be forgiven [05545] him.
29 Ye shall have one [0259] law [08451] for him that sinneth [06213] through ignorance [07684], both for him that is born [0249] among the children [01121] of Israel [03478], and for the stranger [01616] that sojourneth [01481] among [08432] them.
30 But the soul [05315] that doeth [06213] ought presumptuously [07311] [03027], whether he be born in the land [0249], or a stranger [04480] [01616], the same reproacheth [01442] the LORD [03068]; and that soul [05315] shall be cut off [03772] from among [07130] his people [05971].
31 Because he hath despised [0959] the word [01697] of the LORD [03068], and hath broken [06565] his commandment [04687], that soul [05315] shall utterly [03772] be cut off [03772]; his iniquity [05771] shall be upon him.
27 And if any [0259] one [05315] of the common [0776] people [05971] sin [02398] through ignorance [07684], while he doeth [06213] somewhat against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and be guilty [0816];
22 When a ruler [05387] hath sinned [02398], and done [06213] somewhat through ignorance [07684] against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] his God [0430] concerning things which should not be done [06213], and is guilty [0816];
13 And if the whole congregation [05712] of Israel [03478] sin through ignorance [07686], and the thing [01697] be hid [05956] from the eyes [05869] of the assembly [06951], and they have done [06213] somewhat against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which should not be done [06213], and are guilty [0816];
2 Speak [01696] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], saying [0559], If a soul [05315] shall sin [02398] through ignorance [07684] against any of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and shall do [06213] against any [0259] of them [02007]:
1 And if a soul [05315] sin [02398], and hear [08085] the voice [06963] of swearing [0423], and is a witness [05707], whether [0176] he hath seen [07200] or known [03045] of it; if he do not utter [05046] it, then he shall bear [05375] his iniquity [05771].
2 Or if a soul [05315] touch [05060] any unclean [02931] thing [01697], whether it be a carcase [05038] of an unclean [02931] beast [02416], or a carcase [05038] of unclean [02931] cattle [0929], or the carcase [05038] of unclean [02931] creeping things [08318], and if it be hidden [05956] from him; he also shall be unclean [02931], and guilty [0816].
3 Or if he touch [05060] the uncleanness [02932] of man [0120], whatsoever uncleanness [02932] it be that a man shall be defiled [02930] withal, and it be hid [05956] from him; when he knoweth [03045] of it, then he shall be guilty [0816].
4 Or if a soul [05315] swear [07650], pronouncing [0981] with his lips [08193] to do evil [07489], or to do good [03190], whatsoever it be that a man [0120] shall pronounce [0981] with an oath [07621], and it be hid [05956] from him; when he knoweth [03045] of it, then he shall be guilty [0816] in one [0259] of these.
5 And it shall be, when he shall be guilty [0816] in one [0259] of these things, that he shall confess [03034] that he hath sinned [02398] in that thing:
6 And he shall bring [0935] his trespass offering [0817] unto the LORD [03068] for his sin [02403] which he hath sinned [02398], a female [05347] from the flock [06629], a lamb [03776] or a kid [08166] of the goats [05795], for a sin offering [02403]; and the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him concerning his sin [02403].
7 And if he [03027] be not able [01767] to bring [05060] a lamb [07716], then he shall bring [0935] for [0854] his trespass [0817], which he hath committed [02398], two [08147] turtledoves [08449], or two [08147] young [01121] pigeons [03123], unto the LORD [03068]; one [0259] for a sin offering [02403], and the other [0259] for a burnt offering [05930].
8 And he shall bring [0935] them unto the priest [03548], who shall offer [07126] that which is for the sin offering [02403] first [07223], and wring off [04454] his head [07218] from [04136] his neck [06203], but shall not divide it asunder [0914]:
9 And he shall sprinkle [05137] of the blood [01818] of the sin offering [02403] upon the side [07023] of the altar [04196]; and the rest [07604] of the blood [01818] shall be wrung out [04680] at the bottom [03247] of the altar [04196]: it is a sin offering [02403].
10 And he shall offer [06213] the second [08145] for a burnt offering [05930], according to the manner [04941]: and the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him for his sin [02403] which he hath sinned [02398], and it shall be forgiven [05545] him.
11 But if he [03027] be not able to bring [05381] two [08147] turtledoves [08449], or two [08147] young [01121] pigeons [03123], then he that sinned [02398] shall bring [0935] for his offering [07133] the tenth [06224] part of an ephah [0374] of fine flour [05560] for a sin offering [02403]; he shall put [07760] no oil [08081] upon it, neither shall he put [05414] any frankincense [03828] thereon: for it is a sin offering [02403].
12 Then shall he bring [0935] it to the priest [03548], and the priest [03548] shall take [07061] his handful [04393] [07062] of it, even a memorial [0234] thereof, and burn [06999] it on the altar [04196], according to the offerings made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068]: it is a sin offering [02403].
13 And the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him as touching his sin [02403] that he hath sinned [02398] in one [0259] of these, and it shall be forgiven [05545] him: and the remnant shall be the priest's [03548], as a meat offering [04503].
13 And the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him as touching his sin [02403] that he hath sinned [02398] in one [0259] of these, and it shall be forgiven [05545] him: and the remnant shall be the priest's [03548], as a meat offering [04503].
13 And the priest [03548] shall make an atonement [03722] for him as touching his sin [02403] that he hath sinned [02398] in one [0259] of these, and it shall be forgiven [05545] him: and the remnant shall be the priest's [03548], as a meat offering [04503].
2 Speak [01696] unto the children [01121] of Israel [03478], saying [0559], If a soul [05315] shall sin [02398] through ignorance [07684] against any of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which ought not to be done [06213], and shall do [06213] against any [0259] of them [02007]:
3 If the priest [03548] that is anointed [04899] do sin [02398] according to the sin [0819] of the people [05971]; then let him bring [07126] for his sin [02403], which he hath sinned [02398], a young [01241] [01121] bullock [06499] without blemish [08549] unto the LORD [03068] for a sin offering [02403].
4 And he shall bring [0935] the bullock [06499] unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150] before [06440] the LORD [03068]; and shall lay [05564] his hand [03027] upon the bullock's [06499] head [07218], and kill [07819] the bullock [06499] before [06440] the LORD [03068].
5 And the priest [03548] that is anointed [04899] shall take [03947] of the bullock's [06499] blood [01818], and bring [0935] it to the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150]:
6 And the priest [03548] shall dip [02881] his finger [0676] in the blood [01818], and sprinkle [05137] of the blood [01818] seven [07651] times [06471] before [06440] the LORD [03068], before [06440] the vail [06532] of the sanctuary [06944].
7 And the priest [03548] shall put [05414] some of the blood [01818] upon the horns [07161] of the altar [04196] of sweet [05561] incense [07004] before [06440] the LORD [03068], which is in the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150]; and shall pour [08210] all the blood [01818] of the bullock [06499] at the bottom [03247] of the altar [04196] of the burnt offering [05930], which is at the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150].
8 And he shall take off [07311] from it all the fat [02459] of the bullock [06499] for the sin offering [02403]; the fat [02459] that covereth [03680] the inwards [07130], and all the fat [02459] that is upon the inwards [07130],
9 And the two [08147] kidneys [03629], and the fat [02459] that is upon them, which is by the flanks [03689], and the caul [03508] above the liver [03516], with the kidneys [03629], it shall he take away [05493],
10 As it was taken off [07311] from the bullock [07794] of the sacrifice [02077] of peace offerings [08002]: and the priest [03548] shall burn [06999] them upon the altar [04196] of the burnt offering [05930].
11 And the skin [05785] of the bullock [06499], and all his flesh [01320], with his head [07218], and with his legs [03767], and his inwards [07130], and his dung [06569],
12 Even the whole bullock [06499] shall he carry forth [03318] without [02351] the camp [04264] unto a clean [02889] place [04725], where the ashes [01880] are poured out [08211], and burn [08313] him on the wood [06086] with fire [0784]: where [0413] the ashes [01880] are poured out [08211] shall he be burnt [08313].
67 Before I was afflicted [06031] I went astray [07683]: but now have I kept [08104] thy word [0565].
13 And if the whole congregation [05712] of Israel [03478] sin through ignorance [07686], and the thing [01697] be hid [05956] from the eyes [05869] of the assembly [06951], and they have done [06213] somewhat against any [0259] of the commandments [04687] of the LORD [03068] concerning things which should not be done [06213], and are guilty [0816];
14 When the sin [02403], which they have sinned [02398] against it, is known [03045], then the congregation [06951] shall offer [07126] a young [01241] [01121] bullock [06499] for the sin [02403], and bring [0935] him before [06440] the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150].
30 For on that day [03117] shall the priest make an atonement [03722] for you, to cleanse [02891] you, that ye may be clean [02891] from all your sins [02403] before [06440] the LORD [03068].
26 For [1063] if we [2257] sin [264] wilfully [1596] after [3326] that we have received [2983] the knowledge [1922] of the truth [225], there remaineth [620] no more [3765] sacrifice [2378] for [4012] sins [266],