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Selected Verse: Leviticus 17:3 - Strong Concordance
| Verse |
Translation |
Text |
| Le 17:3 |
Strong Concordance |
What [0376] man [0376] soever there be of the house [01004] of Israel [03478], that killeth [07819] an ox [07794], or lamb [03775], or goat [05795], in the camp [04264], or that killeth [07819] it out [02351] of the camp [04264], |
| |
King James |
What man soever there be of the house of Israel, that killeth an ox, or lamb, or goat, in the camp, or that killeth it out of the camp, |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
| A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
BLOOD OF BEASTS MUST BE OFFERED AT THE TABERNACLE DOOR. (Lev. 17:1-16)
What man . . . killeth an ox--The Israelites, like other people living in the desert, would not make much use of animal food; and when they did kill a lamb or a kid for food, it would almost always be, as in Abraham's entertainment of the angels [Gen 18:7], an occasion of a feast, to be eaten in company. This was what was done with the peace offerings, and accordingly it is here enacted, that the same course shall be followed in slaughtering the animals as in the case of those offerings, namely, that they should be killed publicly, and after being devoted to God, partaken of by the offerers. This law, it is obvious, could only be observable in the wilderness while the people were encamped within an accessible distance from the tabernacle. The reason for it is to be found in the strong addictedness of the Israelites to idolatry at the time of their departure from Egypt; and as it would have been easy for any by killing an animal to sacrifice privately to a favorite object of worship, a strict prohibition was made against their slaughtering at home. (See on Deu 12:15). |
| Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
Every domesticated animal that was slain for food was a sort of peace-offering Lev 17:5. This law could only be kept as long as the children of Israel dwelt in their camp in the wilderness. The restriction was removed before they settled in the holy land, where their numbers and diffusion over the country would have rendered its strict observance impossible. See Deu 12:15-16, Deu 12:20-24.
Lev 17:4
Blood shall be imputed unto that man - i. e. he has incurred guilt in shedding blood in an unlawful manner.
Cut off - See Exo 31:14 note.
Lev 17:5
Rather, May bring their beasts for slaughter, which they (now) slaughter in the open field. even that they may bring them before Yahweh to the entrance of the tent of meeting unto the priests, and slaughter them as peace-offerings to Yahweh.
Lev 17:7
Devils - The word in the original is the "shaggy goat" of Lev 4:23. But it is sometimes employed, as here, to denote an object of pagan worship or a demon dwelling in the deserts Ch2 11:15; Isa 13:21; Isa 34:14. The worship of the goat, accompanied by the foulest rites, prevailed in Lower Egypt; and the Israelites may have been led into this snare while they dwelt in Egypt.
This law for the slaughtering of animals was not merely to exclude idolatry from the chosen nation. It had a more positive and permanent purpose. It bore witness to the sanctity of life: it served to remind the people of the solemnity of the grant of the lives of all inferior creatures made to Noah Gen 9:2-3; it purged and directed toward Yahweh the feelings in respect to animal food which seem to be common to man's nature; and it connected a habit of thanksgiving with the maintenance of our human life by means of daily food. Ti1 4:3-5. Having acknowledged that the animal belonged to Yahweh the devout Hebrew received back its flesh as Yahweh's gift. |
| Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
| Whoever of the house of Israel slaughtered an ox, sheep, or goat, either within or outside the camp, without bringing the animal to the tabernacle, to offer a sacrifice therefrom to the Lord, "blood was to be reckoned to him;" that is to say, as the following expression, "he hath shed blood," shows, such slaughtering was to be reckoned as the shedding of blood, or blood-guiltiness, and punished with extermination (see Gen 17:14). The severity of this prohibition required some explanation, and this is given in the reason assigned in Lev 17:5-7, viz., "that the Israelites may bring their slain-offerings, which they slay in the open field, before the door of the tabernacle, as peace-offerings to Jehovah," and "no more offer their sacrifices to the שׂעירים, after whom they go a whoring" (Lev 17:7). This reason presupposes that the custom of dedicating the slain animals as sacrifices to some deity, to which a portion of them was offered, was then widely spread among the Israelites. It had probably been adopted from the Egyptians; though this is not expressly stated by ancient writers: Herodotus (i. 132) and Strabo (xv. 732) simply mentioning it as a Persian custom, whilst the law book of Manu ascribes it to the Indians. To root out this idolatrous custom from among the Israelites, they were commanded to slay every animal before the tabernacle, as a sacrificial gift to Jehovah, and to bring the slain-offerings, which they would have slain in the open field, to the priest at the tabernacle, as shelamim (praise-offerings and thank-offerings), that he might sprinkle the blood upon the altar, and burn the fat as a sweet-smelling savour for Jehovah (see Lev 3:2-5). "The face of the field" (Lev 17:5, as in Lev 14:7, Lev 14:53): the open field, in distinction from the enclosed space of the court of Jehovah's dwelling. "The altar of Jehovah" is spoken of in Lev 17:6 instead of "the altar" only (Lev 1:5; Lev 11:15, etc.), on account of the contrast drawn between it and the altars upon which they offered sacrifice to Seirim. שׂעירים, literally goats, is here used to signify daemones (Vulg.), "field-devils" (Luther), demons, like the שׂדים in Deu 32:17, who were supposed to inhabit the desert (Isa 13:21; Isa 34:14), and whose pernicious influence they sought to avert by sacrifices. The Israelites had brought this superstition, and the idolatry to which it gave rise, from Egypt. The Seirim were the gods whom the Israelites worshipped and went a whoring after in Egypt (Jos 24:14; Eze 20:7; Eze 23:3, Eze 23:8, Eze 23:19, Eze 23:21, Eze 23:27). Both the thing and the name were derived from the Egyptians, who worshipped goats as gods (Josephus c. Ap. 2, 7), particularly Pan, who was represented in the form of a goat, a personification of the male and fertilizing principle in nature, whom they called Mendes and reckoned among the eight leading gods, and to whom they had built a splendid and celebrated temple in Thmuis, the capital of the Mendesian Nomos in Lower Egypt, and erected statues in the temples in all directions (cf. Herod. 2, 42, 46; Strabo, xvii. 802; Diod. Sic. i. 18). The expression "a statute for ever" refers to the principle of the law, that sacrifices were to be offered to Jehovah alone, and not to the law that every animal was to be slain before the tabernacle, which was afterwards repealed by Moses, when they were about to enter Canaan, where it could no longer be carried out (Deu 12:15). |
| Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, by John Wesley [1754-65] |
| That killeth - Not for common use, for such beasts might be killed by any person or in any place but for sacrifice. In the camp, or out of the camp - That is, anywhere. |
15 Notwithstanding thou mayest kill [02076] and eat [0398] flesh [01320] in all thy gates [08179], whatsoever thy soul [05315] lusteth after [0185], according to the blessing [01293] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] which he hath given [05414] thee: the unclean [02931] and the clean [02889] may eat [0398] thereof, as of the roebuck [06643], and as of the hart [0354].
7 And Abraham [085] ran [07323] unto the herd [01241], and fetcht [03947] a calf [01121] [01241] tender [07390] and good [02896], and gave [05414] it unto a young man [05288]; and he hasted [04116] to dress [06213] it.
3 Forbidding [2967] to marry [1060], and commanding to abstain from [567] meats [1033], which [3739] God [2316] hath created [2936] to [1519] be received [3336] with [3326] thanksgiving [2169] of them which believe [4103] and [2532] know [1921] the truth [225].
4 For [3754] every [3956] creature [2938] of God [2316] is good [2570], and [2532] nothing [3762] to be refused [579], if it be received [2983] with [3326] thanksgiving [2169]:
5 For [1063] it is sanctified [37] by [1223] the word [3056] of God [2316] and [2532] prayer [1783].
2 And the fear of you [04172] and the dread of you [02844] shall be upon every beast [02416] of the earth [0776], and upon every fowl [05775] of the air [08064], upon all that moveth [07430] upon the earth [0127], and upon all the fishes [01709] of the sea [03220]; into your hand [03027] are they delivered [05414].
3 Every moving thing [07431] that liveth [02416] shall be meat [0402] for you; even as the green [03418] herb [06212] have I given [05414] you all things.
14 The wild beasts of the desert [06728] shall also meet [06298] with the wild beasts of the island [0338], and the satyr [08163] shall cry [07121] to his fellow [07453]; the screech owl [03917] also shall rest [07280] there, and find [04672] for herself a place of rest [04494].
21 But wild beasts of the desert [06728] shall lie [07257] there; and their houses [01004] shall be full [04390] of doleful creatures [0255]; and owls [01323] [03284] shall dwell [07931] there, and satyrs [08163] shall dance [07540] there.
15 And he ordained [05975] him priests [03548] for the high places [01116], and for the devils [08163], and for the calves [05695] which he had made [06213].
23 Or if his sin [02403], wherein he hath sinned [02398], come to his knowledge [03045]; he shall bring [0935] his offering [07133], a kid [08163] of the goats [05795], a male [02145] without blemish [08549]:
7 And they shall no more offer [02076] their sacrifices [02077] unto devils [08163], after [0310] whom they have gone a whoring [02181]. This shall be a statute [02708] for ever [05769] unto them throughout their generations [01755].
5 To the end that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] may bring [0935] their sacrifices [02077], which they offer [02076] in the open [06440] field [07704], even that they may bring [0935] them unto the LORD [03068], unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], unto the priest [03548], and offer [02076] them for peace [08002] offerings [02077] unto the LORD [03068].
14 Ye shall keep [08104] the sabbath [07676] therefore; for it is holy [06944] unto you: every one that defileth [02490] it shall surely [04191] be put to death [04191]: for whosoever doeth [06213] any work [04399] therein, that soul [05315] shall be cut off [03772] from among [07130] his people [05971].
4 And bringeth [0935] it not unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], to offer [07126] an offering [07133] unto the LORD [03068] before [06440] the tabernacle [04908] of the LORD [03068]; blood [01818] shall be imputed [02803] unto that man [0376]; he hath shed [08210] blood [01818]; and that man [0376] shall be cut off [03772] from among [07130] his people [05971]:
20 When the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] shall enlarge [07337] thy border [01366], as he hath promised [01696] thee, and thou shalt say [0559], I will eat [0398] flesh [01320], because thy soul [05315] longeth [0183] to eat [0398] flesh [01320]; thou mayest eat [0398] flesh [01320], whatsoever thy soul [05315] lusteth after [0185].
21 If the place [04725] which the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] hath chosen [0977] to put [07760] his name [08034] there be too far [07368] from thee, then thou shalt kill [02076] of thy herd [01241] and of thy flock [06629], which the LORD [03068] hath given [05414] thee, as I have commanded [06680] thee, and thou shalt eat [0398] in thy gates [08179] whatsoever thy soul [05315] lusteth after [0185].
22 Even as the roebuck [06643] and the hart [0354] is eaten [0398], so thou shalt eat [0398] them: the unclean [02931] and the clean [02889] shall eat [0398] of them alike [03162].
23 Only be sure [02388] that thou eat [0398] not the blood [01818]: for the blood [01818] is the life [05315]; and thou mayest not eat [0398] the life [05315] with the flesh [01320].
24 Thou shalt not eat [0398] it; thou shalt pour [08210] it upon the earth [0776] as water [04325].
15 Notwithstanding thou mayest kill [02076] and eat [0398] flesh [01320] in all thy gates [08179], whatsoever thy soul [05315] lusteth after [0185], according to the blessing [01293] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] which he hath given [05414] thee: the unclean [02931] and the clean [02889] may eat [0398] thereof, as of the roebuck [06643], and as of the hart [0354].
16 Only ye shall not eat [0398] the blood [01818]; ye shall pour [08210] it upon the earth [0776] as water [04325].
5 To the end that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] may bring [0935] their sacrifices [02077], which they offer [02076] in the open [06440] field [07704], even that they may bring [0935] them unto the LORD [03068], unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], unto the priest [03548], and offer [02076] them for peace [08002] offerings [02077] unto the LORD [03068].
15 Notwithstanding thou mayest kill [02076] and eat [0398] flesh [01320] in all thy gates [08179], whatsoever thy soul [05315] lusteth after [0185], according to the blessing [01293] of the LORD [03068] thy God [0430] which he hath given [05414] thee: the unclean [02931] and the clean [02889] may eat [0398] thereof, as of the roebuck [06643], and as of the hart [0354].
27 Thus will I make thy lewdness [02154] to cease [07673] from thee, and thy whoredom [02184] brought from the land [0776] of Egypt [04714]: so that thou shalt not lift up [05375] thine eyes [05869] unto them, nor remember [02142] Egypt [04714] any more.
21 Thus thou calledst to remembrance [06485] the lewdness [02154] of thy youth [05271], in bruising [06213] thy teats [01717] by the Egyptians [04714] for the paps [07699] of thy youth [05271].
19 Yet she multiplied [07235] her whoredoms [08457], in calling to remembrance [02142] the days [03117] of her youth [05271], wherein she had played the harlot [02181] in the land [0776] of Egypt [04714].
8 Neither left [05800] she her whoredoms [08457] brought from Egypt [04714]: for in her youth [05271] they lay [07901] with her, and they bruised [06213] the breasts [01717] of her virginity [01331], and poured [08210] their whoredom [08457] upon her.
3 And they committed whoredoms [02181] in Egypt [04714]; they committed whoredoms [02181] in their youth [05271]: there were their breasts [07699] pressed [04600], and there they bruised [06213] the teats [01717] of their virginity [01331].
7 Then said [0559] I unto them, Cast ye away [07993] every man [0376] the abominations [08251] of his eyes [05869], and defile [02930] not yourselves with the idols [01544] of Egypt [04714]: I am the LORD [03068] your God [0430].
14 Now therefore fear [03372] the LORD [03068], and serve [05647] him in sincerity [08549] and in truth [0571]: and put away [05493] the gods [0430] which your fathers [01] served [05647] on the other side [05676] of the flood [05104], and in Egypt [04714]; and serve [05647] ye the LORD [03068].
14 The wild beasts of the desert [06728] shall also meet [06298] with the wild beasts of the island [0338], and the satyr [08163] shall cry [07121] to his fellow [07453]; the screech owl [03917] also shall rest [07280] there, and find [04672] for herself a place of rest [04494].
21 But wild beasts of the desert [06728] shall lie [07257] there; and their houses [01004] shall be full [04390] of doleful creatures [0255]; and owls [01323] [03284] shall dwell [07931] there, and satyrs [08163] shall dance [07540] there.
17 They sacrificed [02076] unto devils [07700], not to God [0433]; to gods [0430] whom they knew [03045] not, to new [02319] gods that came [0935] newly [07138] up [0935], whom your fathers [01] feared [08175] not.
15 Every raven [06158] after his kind [04327];
5 And he shall kill [07819] the bullock [01121] [01241] before [06440] the LORD [03068]: and the priests [03548], Aaron's [0175] sons [01121], shall bring [07126] the blood [01818], and sprinkle [02236] the blood [01818] round about [05439] upon the altar [04196] that is by the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150].
6 And the priest [03548] shall sprinkle [02236] the blood [01818] upon the altar [04196] of the LORD [03068] at the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], and burn [06999] the fat [02459] for a sweet [05207] savour [07381] unto the LORD [03068].
53 But he shall let go [07971] the living [02416] bird [06833] out [02351] of the city [05892] into the open [06440] fields [07704], and make an atonement [03722] for the house [01004]: and it shall be clean [02891].
7 And he shall sprinkle [05137] upon him that is to be cleansed [02891] from the leprosy [06883] seven [07651] times [06471], and shall pronounce him clean [02891], and shall let the living [02416] bird [06833] loose [07971] into the open [06440] field [07704].
5 To the end that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] may bring [0935] their sacrifices [02077], which they offer [02076] in the open [06440] field [07704], even that they may bring [0935] them unto the LORD [03068], unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], unto the priest [03548], and offer [02076] them for peace [08002] offerings [02077] unto the LORD [03068].
2 And he shall lay [05564] his hand [03027] upon the head [07218] of his offering [07133], and kill [07819] it at the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150]: and Aaron's [0175] sons [01121] the priests [03548] shall sprinkle [02236] the blood [01818] upon the altar [04196] round about [05439].
3 And he shall offer [07126] of the sacrifice [02077] of the peace offering [08002] an offering made by fire [0801] unto the LORD [03068]; the fat [02459] that covereth [03680] the inwards [07130], and all the fat [02459] that is upon the inwards [07130],
4 And the two [08147] kidneys [03629], and the fat [02459] that is on them, which is by the flanks [03689], and the caul [03508] above the liver [03516], with the kidneys [03629], it shall he take away [05493].
5 And Aaron's [0175] sons [01121] shall burn [06999] it on the altar [04196] upon the burnt sacrifice [05930], which is upon the wood [06086] that is on the fire [0784]: it is an offering made by fire [0801], of a sweet [05207] savour [07381] unto the LORD [03068].
7 And they shall no more offer [02076] their sacrifices [02077] unto devils [08163], after [0310] whom they have gone a whoring [02181]. This shall be a statute [02708] for ever [05769] unto them throughout their generations [01755].
5 To the end that the children [01121] of Israel [03478] may bring [0935] their sacrifices [02077], which they offer [02076] in the open [06440] field [07704], even that they may bring [0935] them unto the LORD [03068], unto the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], unto the priest [03548], and offer [02076] them for peace [08002] offerings [02077] unto the LORD [03068].
6 And the priest [03548] shall sprinkle [02236] the blood [01818] upon the altar [04196] of the LORD [03068] at the door [06607] of the tabernacle [0168] of the congregation [04150], and burn [06999] the fat [02459] for a sweet [05207] savour [07381] unto the LORD [03068].
7 And they shall no more offer [02076] their sacrifices [02077] unto devils [08163], after [0310] whom they have gone a whoring [02181]. This shall be a statute [02708] for ever [05769] unto them throughout their generations [01755].
14 And the uncircumcised [06189] man child [02145] whose [0834] flesh [01320] of his foreskin [06190] is not circumcised [04135], that soul [05315] shall be cut off [03772] from his people [05971]; he hath broken [06565] my covenant [01285].