Click
here to show/hide instructions.
Instructions on how to use the page:
The commentary for the selected verse is is displayed below.
All commentary was produced against the King James, so the same verse from that translation may appear as well. Hovering your mouse over a commentary's scripture reference attempts to show those verses.
Use the browser's back button to return to the previous page.
Or you can also select a feature from the Just Verses menu appearing at the top of the page.
Selected Verse: 1 Chronicles 3:1 - Strong Concordance
Verse |
Translation |
Text |
1Ch 3:1 |
Strong Concordance |
Now these were the sons [01121] of David [01732], which were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; the firstborn [01060] Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159]; the second [08145] Daniel [01840], of Abigail [026] the Carmelitess [03762]: |
|
King James |
Now these were the sons of David, which were born unto him in Hebron; the firstborn Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; the second Daniel, of Abigail the Carmelitess: |
Summary Of Commentaries Associated With The Selected Verse
A Commentary, Critical, Practical, and Explanatory on the Old and New Testaments, by Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset and David Brown [1882] |
SONS OF DAVID. (Ch1 3:1-9)
Now these were the sons of David, which were born unto him in Hebron--It is of consequence for the proper understanding of events in the domestic history of David, to bear in mind the place and time of his sons' birth. The oldest son, born after his father's accession to the sovereign authority, is according to Eastern notions, the proper heir to the throne. And hence the natural aspirations of ambition in Ammon, who was long unaware of the alienation of the crown, and could not be easily reconciled to the claims of a younger brother being placed above his own (see on Sa2 3:1-5). |
Notes on the Bible, by Albert Barnes, [1834] |
The sons of David - The writer returns to the point at which he had left the posterity of Ram Ch1 2:9, Ch1 2:15, and traces out the family of David - the royal house of the tribe of Judah.
Daniel - See the marginal note and reference.
There are three lists of the sons of David, born in Jerusalem.
Sa2 5:14-16 Ch1 3:5-8 Ch1 14:4-7 1. Shammuah Shimeah* Shammuah 2. Shobab Shobab Shobab 3. Nathan Nathan Nathan 4. Solomon Solomon Solomon 5. Ibhar Ibhar Ibhar 6. Elishua Elishama* Elishua 7. a Eliphelet* Elpalet* 8. a Nogah Nogah 9. Nepheg Nepheg Nepheg 10. Japhia Japhia Japhia 11. Elishama Elishama Elishama 12. Eliada Eliada Beeliada* 13. Eliphelet Eliphelet Eliphelet (Differences are marked with an asterick).
A comparison of the three lists serves to show:
(1) that "Shimeah" and the first "Elishama" in the list of this chapter are corruptions;
(2) that David had really 13 sons born in Jerusalem, of whom two - the first Eliphelet and Nogah - probably died in their childhood; and
(3) that Eliada, the twelfth son, was also called Beeliada, the term Baal, "lord," not having (previous to the introduction of the Baal worship) a bad sense, but being regarded as an equivalent with El, "God." |
Commentary on the Old Testament, by Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch [1857-78] |
The sons and descendants of David. - After the enumeration of the chief families of the two sons of Hezron, Caleb and Jerahmeel, in 1 Chron 2:18-55, the genealogy of Ram the second son of Hezron, which in Ch1 2:10-17 was only traced down to Jesse, the father of the royal race of David, is in 1 Chron 3 again taken up and further followed out. In Ch1 3:1-9 all the sons of David are enumerated; in Ch1 3:10-16, the line of kings of the house of David from Solomon to Jeconiah and Zedekiah; in Ch1 3:17-21, the descendants of Jeconiah to the grandsons of Zerubbabel; and finally, in Ch1 3:22-24, other descendants of Shechaniah to the fourth generation.
Ch1 3:1-4
The sons of David: (a) Those born in Hebron; (b) those born in Jerusalem. - Ch1 3:1-4. The six sons born in Hebron are enumerated also in Sa2 3:2-5, with mention of their mother as here: but there the second is called כּלאב; here, on the contrary, דּניּאל, - a difference which cannot well have arisen through an error of a copyist, but is probably to be explained on the supposition that this son had two different names. In reference to the others, see on 2 Sam 3. The sing. לו נולד אשׁר after a preceding plural subject is to be explained as in Ch1 2:9. שׁני, without the article, for משׁנהוּ, Sa2 3:3, or המּשׁנה, Ch1 5:12, is surprising, as all the other numbers have the article; but the enumeration, the first-born, a second, the third, etc., may be justified without any alteration of the text being necessary. But the difference between our text and that of 2 Sam. in regard to the second son, shows that the chronicler did not take the register from 2 Sam 3. The preposition ל before אבשׁלום seems to have come into the text only through a mistake occasioned by the preceding לאביגיל, for no reason is apparent for any strong emphasis which might be implied in the ל being placed on the name of Absalom. The addition of אשׁתּו to עגלה (Ch1 3:3) seems introduced only to conclude the enumeration in a fitting way, as the descent of Eglah had not been communicated; just as, for a similar reason, the additional clause "the wife of David" is inserted in Sa2 3:5, without Eglah being thereby distinguished above the other wives as the most honoured. The concluding formula, "six were born to him in Hebron" (Ch1 3:4), is followed by a notice of how long David reigned in Hebron and in Jerusalem (cf. Sa2 2:11 and Sa2 5:5), which is intended to form a fitting transition to the following list of the sons who were born to him in Jerusalem.
Ch1 3:5-9
In Jerusalem thirteen other sons were born to him, of whom four were the children of Bathsheba. The thirteen names are again enumerated in the history of David, in Ch1 14:7-11, which in the parallel passage, Sa2 5:14-16, only eleven are mentioned, the two last being omitted (see on the passage). Some of the names are somewhat differently given in these passages, owing the differences of pronunciation and form: שׁמעה is in both places שׁמוּע; אלישׁמע, between Ibhar and Eliphalet, is in 1 Chron 14 more correctly written אלישׁוּע. Elishama is clearly a transcriber's error, occasioned by one of the following sons bearing this name. אליפלט, shortened in Ch1 14:6 into אלפּלט, and נוגה, are wanting in Sa2 5:15, probably because they died early. אלידע, Ch1 3:8, Sa2 5:16, appears in Ch1 14:7 as בּעלידע; the mother also of the four first named, בּתשׁוּע, the daughter of Ammiel, is elsewhere always בּת־שׁבע, e.g., Sa2 11:3, and Kg1 1:11, Kg1 1:15, etc.; and her father, Eliam (Sa2 11:3). בּתשׁוּע has been derived from בּתשׁוע, and בּתשׁוע is softened from בּתשׁבע; but אליעם has arisen by transposition of the two parts of the name עמּיאל, or Ammiel has been altered to Eliam. Besides these, David had also sons by concubines, whose names, however, are nowhere met with. Of David's daughters only Tamar is mentioned as "their sister," i.e., sister of the before-mentioned sons, because she had become known in history through Amnon's crime (2 Sam 13). |
Adam Clarke Commentary on the Whole Bible - Published 1810-1826 |
The second, Daniel - In Sa2 3:3, this person is called Chileab; he probably had two names. The Targum says, "The second, Daniel, who was also called Chileab, because he was in every respect like to his father." The Targumist refers here to the import of the word כלאב ke-le-ab, like to the father. Jarchi says the two names were given to this person because David, having taken Abigail immediately after the death of Nabal, it could not be ascertained whether this child were the son of David or of Nabal, therefore David called him דניאל Daniel, God is my Judge, and כלאב Chileab, he who is like to the father; probably from the striking resemblance he bore to David, his reputed father. "God is my Judge, I have not fathered another man's child; this is entirely like unto myself. |
1 Now there was long [0752] war [04421] between the house [01004] of Saul [07586] and the house [01004] of David [01732]: but David [01732] waxed [01980] stronger [02390] and stronger [02390], and the house [01004] of Saul [07586] waxed [01980] weaker [01800] and weaker [01800].
2 And unto David [01732] were sons [01121] born [03205] [03205] in Hebron [02275]: and his firstborn [01060] was Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159];
3 And his second [04932], Chileab [03609], of Abigail [026] the wife [0802] of Nabal [05037] the Carmelite [03761]; and the third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maacah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650];
4 And the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]; and the fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] the son [01121] of Abital [037];
5 And the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507], by Eglah [05698] David's [01732] wife [0802]. These were born [03205] to David [01732] in Hebron [02275].
1 Now these were the sons [01121] of David [01732], which were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; the firstborn [01060] Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159]; the second [08145] Daniel [01840], of Abigail [026] the Carmelitess [03762]:
2 The third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maachah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650]: the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]:
3 The fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] of Abital [037]: the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507] by Eglah [05698] his wife [0802].
4 These six [08337] were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; and there he reigned [04427] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141].
5 And these were born [03205] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shimea [08092], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010], four [0702], of Bathshua [01340] the daughter [01323] of Ammiel [05988]:
6 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishama [0476], and Eliphelet [0467],
7 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
8 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphelet [0467], nine [08672].
9 These were all the sons [01121] of David [01732], beside the sons [01121] of the concubines [06370], and Tamar [08559] their sister [0269].
4 Now these are the names [08034] of his children [03205] which he had in Jerusalem [03389]; Shammua [08051], and Shobab [07727], Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010],
5 And Ibhar [02984], and Elishua [0474], and Elpalet [0467],
6 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
7 And Elishama [0476], and Beeliada [01182], and Eliphalet [0467].
5 And these were born [03205] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shimea [08092], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010], four [0702], of Bathshua [01340] the daughter [01323] of Ammiel [05988]:
6 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishama [0476], and Eliphelet [0467],
7 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
8 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphelet [0467], nine [08672].
14 And these be the names [08034] of those that were born [03209] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shammua [08051], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010],
15 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishua [0474], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
16 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphalet [0467].
15 Ozem [0684] the sixth [08345], David [01732] the seventh [07637]:
9 The sons [01121] also of Hezron [02696], that were born [03205] unto him; Jerahmeel [03396], and Ram [07410], and Chelubai [03621].
3 And David [01732] sent [07971] and enquired [01875] after the woman [0802]. And one said [0559], Is not this Bathsheba [01339], the daughter [01323] of Eliam [0463], the wife [0802] of Uriah [0223] the Hittite [02850]?
15 And Bathsheba [01339] went in [0935] unto the king [04428] into the chamber [02315]: and the king [04428] was very [03966] old [02204]; and Abishag [049] the Shunammite [07767] ministered [08334] unto the king [04428].
11 Wherefore Nathan [05416] spake [0559] unto Bathsheba [01339] the mother [0517] of Solomon [08010], saying [0559], Hast thou not heard [08085] that Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294] doth reign [04427], and David [01732] our lord [0113] knoweth [03045] it not?
3 And David [01732] sent [07971] and enquired [01875] after the woman [0802]. And one said [0559], Is not this Bathsheba [01339], the daughter [01323] of Eliam [0463], the wife [0802] of Uriah [0223] the Hittite [02850]?
7 And Elishama [0476], and Beeliada [01182], and Eliphalet [0467].
16 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphalet [0467].
8 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphelet [0467], nine [08672].
15 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishua [0474], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
6 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
14 And these be the names [08034] of those that were born [03209] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shammua [08051], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010],
15 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishua [0474], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
16 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphalet [0467].
7 And Elishama [0476], and Beeliada [01182], and Eliphalet [0467].
8 And when the Philistines [06430] heard [08085] that David [01732] was anointed [04886] king [04428] over all Israel [03478], all the Philistines [06430] went up [05927] to seek [01245] David [01732]. And David [01732] heard [08085] of it, and went out [03318] against [06440] them.
9 And the Philistines [06430] came [0935] and spread [06584] themselves in the valley [06010] of Rephaim [07497].
10 And David [01732] enquired [07592] of God [0430], saying [0559], Shall I go up [05927] against the Philistines [06430]? and wilt thou deliver [05414] them into mine hand [03027]? And the LORD [03068] said [0559] unto him, Go up [05927]; for I will deliver [05414] them into thine hand [03027].
11 So they came up [05927] to Baalperazim [01188]; and David [01732] smote [05221] them there. Then David [01732] said [0559], God [0430] hath broken in [06555] upon mine enemies [0341] by mine hand [03027] like the breaking forth [06556] of waters [04325]: therefore they called [07121] the name [08034] of that place [04725] Baalperazim [01188].
5 And these were born [03205] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shimea [08092], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010], four [0702], of Bathshua [01340] the daughter [01323] of Ammiel [05988]:
6 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishama [0476], and Eliphelet [0467],
7 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
8 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphelet [0467], nine [08672].
9 These were all the sons [01121] of David [01732], beside the sons [01121] of the concubines [06370], and Tamar [08559] their sister [0269].
5 In Hebron [02275] he reigned [04427] over Judah [03063] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141] over all Israel [03478] and Judah [03063].
11 And the time [04557] [03117] that David [01732] was king [04428] in Hebron [02275] over the house [01004] of Judah [03063] was seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320].
4 These six [08337] were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; and there he reigned [04427] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141].
5 And the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507], by Eglah [05698] David's [01732] wife [0802]. These were born [03205] to David [01732] in Hebron [02275].
3 The fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] of Abital [037]: the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507] by Eglah [05698] his wife [0802].
12 Joel [03100] the chief [07218], and Shapham [08223] the next [04932], and Jaanai [03285], and Shaphat [08202] in Bashan [01316].
3 And his second [04932], Chileab [03609], of Abigail [026] the wife [0802] of Nabal [05037] the Carmelite [03761]; and the third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maacah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650];
9 The sons [01121] also of Hezron [02696], that were born [03205] unto him; Jerahmeel [03396], and Ram [07410], and Chelubai [03621].
2 And unto David [01732] were sons [01121] born [03205] [03205] in Hebron [02275]: and his firstborn [01060] was Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159];
3 And his second [04932], Chileab [03609], of Abigail [026] the wife [0802] of Nabal [05037] the Carmelite [03761]; and the third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maacah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650];
4 And the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]; and the fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] the son [01121] of Abital [037];
5 And the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507], by Eglah [05698] David's [01732] wife [0802]. These were born [03205] to David [01732] in Hebron [02275].
1 Now these were the sons [01121] of David [01732], which were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; the firstborn [01060] Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159]; the second [08145] Daniel [01840], of Abigail [026] the Carmelitess [03762]:
2 The third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maachah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650]: the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]:
3 The fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] of Abital [037]: the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507] by Eglah [05698] his wife [0802].
4 These six [08337] were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; and there he reigned [04427] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141].
1 Now these were the sons [01121] of David [01732], which were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; the firstborn [01060] Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159]; the second [08145] Daniel [01840], of Abigail [026] the Carmelitess [03762]:
2 The third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maachah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650]: the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]:
3 The fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] of Abital [037]: the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507] by Eglah [05698] his wife [0802].
4 These six [08337] were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; and there he reigned [04427] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141].
22 And the sons [01121] of Shechaniah [07935]; Shemaiah [08098]: and the sons [01121] of Shemaiah [08098]; Hattush [02407], and Igeal [03008], and Bariah [01282], and Neariah [05294], and Shaphat [08202], six [08337].
23 And the sons [01121] of Neariah [05294]; Elioenai [0454], and Hezekiah [02396], and Azrikam [05840], three [07969].
24 And the sons [01121] of Elioenai [0454] were, Hodaiah [01939], and Eliashib [0475], and Pelaiah [06411], and Akkub [06126], and Johanan [03110], and Dalaiah [01806], and Anani [06054], seven [07651].
17 And the sons [01121] of Jeconiah [03204]; Assir [0617], Salathiel [07597] his son [01121],
18 Malchiram [04443] also, and Pedaiah [06305], and Shenazar [08137], Jecamiah [03359], Hoshama [01953], and Nedabiah [05072].
19 And the sons [01121] of Pedaiah [06305] were, Zerubbabel [02216], and Shimei [08096]: and the sons [01121] of Zerubbabel [02216]; Meshullam [04918], and Hananiah [02608], and Shelomith [08019] their sister [0269]:
20 And Hashubah [02807], and Ohel [0169], and Berechiah [01296], and Hasadiah [02619], Jushabhesed [03142], five [02568].
21 And the sons [01121] of Hananiah [02608]; Pelatiah [06410], and Jesaiah [03470]: the sons [01121] of Rephaiah [07509], the sons [01121] of Arnan [0770], the sons [01121] of Obadiah [05662], the sons [01121] of Shechaniah [07935].
10 And Solomon's [08010] son [01121] was Rehoboam [07346], Abia [029] his son [01121], Asa [0609] his son [01121], Jehoshaphat [03092] his son [01121],
11 Joram [03141] his son [01121], Ahaziah [0274] his son [01121], Joash [03101] his son [01121],
12 Amaziah [0558] his son [01121], Azariah [05838] his son [01121], Jotham [03147] his son [01121],
13 Ahaz [0271] his son [01121], Hezekiah [02396] his son [01121], Manasseh [04519] his son [01121],
14 Amon [0526] his son [01121], Josiah [02977] his son [01121].
15 And the sons [01121] of Josiah [02977] were, the firstborn [01060] Johanan [03110], the second [08145] Jehoiakim [03079], the third [07992] Zedekiah [06667], the fourth [07243] Shallum [07967].
16 And the sons [01121] of Jehoiakim [03079]: Jeconiah [03204] his son [01121], Zedekiah [06667] his son [01121].
1 Now these were the sons [01121] of David [01732], which were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; the firstborn [01060] Amnon [0550], of Ahinoam [0293] the Jezreelitess [03159]; the second [08145] Daniel [01840], of Abigail [026] the Carmelitess [03762]:
2 The third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maachah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650]: the fourth [07243], Adonijah [0138] the son [01121] of Haggith [02294]:
3 The fifth [02549], Shephatiah [08203] of Abital [037]: the sixth [08345], Ithream [03507] by Eglah [05698] his wife [0802].
4 These six [08337] were born [03205] unto him in Hebron [02275]; and there he reigned [04427] seven [07651] years [08141] and six [08337] months [02320]: and in Jerusalem [03389] he reigned [04427] thirty [07970] and three [07969] years [08141].
5 And these were born [03205] unto him in Jerusalem [03389]; Shimea [08092], and Shobab [07727], and Nathan [05416], and Solomon [08010], four [0702], of Bathshua [01340] the daughter [01323] of Ammiel [05988]:
6 Ibhar [02984] also, and Elishama [0476], and Eliphelet [0467],
7 And Nogah [05052], and Nepheg [05298], and Japhia [03309],
8 And Elishama [0476], and Eliada [0450], and Eliphelet [0467], nine [08672].
9 These were all the sons [01121] of David [01732], beside the sons [01121] of the concubines [06370], and Tamar [08559] their sister [0269].
10 And Ram [07410] begat [03205] Amminadab [05992]; and Amminadab [05992] begat [03205] Nahshon [05177], prince [05387] of the children [01121] of Judah [03063];
11 And Nahshon [05177] begat [03205] Salma [08007], and Salma [08007] begat [03205] Boaz [01162],
12 And Boaz [01162] begat [03205] Obed [05744], and Obed [05744] begat [03205] Jesse [03448],
13 And Jesse [03448] begat [03205] his firstborn [01060] Eliab [0446], and Abinadab [041] the second [08145], and Shimma [08092] the third [07992],
14 Nethaneel [05417] the fourth [07243], Raddai [07288] the fifth [02549],
15 Ozem [0684] the sixth [08345], David [01732] the seventh [07637]:
16 Whose sisters [0269] were Zeruiah [06870], and Abigail [026]. And the sons [01121] of Zeruiah [06870]; Abishai [052], and Joab [03097], and Asahel [06214], three [07969].
17 And Abigail [026] bare [03205] Amasa [06021]: and the father [01] of Amasa [06021] was Jether [03500] the Ishmeelite [03459].
3 And his second [04932], Chileab [03609], of Abigail [026] the wife [0802] of Nabal [05037] the Carmelite [03761]; and the third [07992], Absalom [053] the son [01121] of Maacah [04601] the daughter [01323] of Talmai [08526] king [04428] of Geshur [01650];